A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution

We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that un...

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Veröffentlicht in:	JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL ADDICTIONS Jg. 7; H. 1; S. 1 - 9
Hauptverfasser:	Van Rooij, Antonius J, Ferguson, Christopher J, Colder Carras, Michelle, Kardefelt-Winther, Daniel, Shi, Jing, Aarseth, Espen, Bean, Anthony M, Helmersson Bergmark, Karin, Bruss, Anne, Coulson, Mark, Deleuze, Jory, Dullur, Pravin, Dunkels, Elza, Edman, Johan, Etchells, Peter J, Elson, Malte, Fiskaali, Anne, Granic, Isabela, Jansz, Jeroen, Karlsen, Faltin, Kaye, Linda K, Kirsh, Bonnie, Markey, Patrick, Lieberoth, Andreas, Mills, Kathryn L, Lundedal Nielsen, Rune Kristian, Poulsen, Arne, Orben, Amy, Prause, Nicole, Prax, Patrick, Quandt, Thorsten, Schimmenti, Adriano, Starčević, Vladan, Stutman, Gabrielle, Turner, Nigel E, Van Looy, Jan, Przybylski, Andrew K
Format:	Journal Article Verlag
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Hungary Akadémiai Kiadó 01.03.2018 Academic Publishing House Akademiai Kiado
Schlagworte:	assification Behavior, Addictive Behaviorism classification Clinical psychology Debate Diagnosis Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Gamers gaming disorder Health and medicine and law Humans ICT Information and Communications Technologies International Classification of Diseases International Classification of Diseases-11 Internet addiction mental disorders moral panic Psychological aspects Psychology Video Games World Health Organization World Health Organization moral panic gaming disorder International Classification of Diseases11 diagnosis classification mental disorders International Classification of Diseases-11
ISSN:	2062-5871, 2063-5303, 2063-5303
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Abstract	We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization.
AbstractList	We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization. We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization.We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization. We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization. We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization. Keywords: gaming disorder, International Classification of Diseases-11, World Health Organization, diagnosis, classification, mental disorders, moral panic
Audience	Academic
Author	Kardefelt-Winther, Daniel Jansz, Jeroen Bean, Anthony M Elson, Malte Dullur, Pravin Kirsh, Bonnie Orben, Amy Poulsen, Arne Van Rooij, Antonius J Kaye, Linda K Mills, Kathryn L Granic, Isabela Deleuze, Jory Karlsen, Faltin Prause, Nicole Ferguson, Christopher J Edman, Johan Bruss, Anne Stutman, Gabrielle Przybylski, Andrew K Helmersson Bergmark, Karin Markey, Patrick Lieberoth, Andreas Aarseth, Espen Coulson, Mark Starčević, Vladan Prax, Patrick Shi, Jing Turner, Nigel E Lundedal Nielsen, Rune Kristian Etchells, Peter J Dunkels, Elza Colder Carras, Michelle Fiskaali, Anne Van Looy, Jan Quandt, Thorsten Schimmenti, Adriano
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ContentType	Journal Article Publication
Copyright	COPYRIGHT 2018 Akademiai Kiado 2018 The Author(s) 2018 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest
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SubjectTerms	assification Behavior, Addictive Behaviorism classification Clinical psychology Debate Diagnosis Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Gamers gaming disorder Health and medicine and law Humans ICT Information and Communications Technologies International Classification of Diseases International Classification of Diseases-11 Internet addiction mental disorders moral panic Psychological aspects Psychology Video Games World Health Organization
Title	A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution
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