Cooperative Genome-Wide Analysis Shows Increased Homozygosity in Early Onset Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in both familial and sporadic forms, and both monogenic and complex genetic factors have been identified. Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry m...
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| Published in: | PloS one Vol. 7; no. 3; p. e28787 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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12.03.2012
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| ISSN: | 1932-6203, 1932-6203 |
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| Abstract | Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in both familial and sporadic forms, and both monogenic and complex genetic factors have been identified. Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry mutations leading to AR disease. Since mutations in these genes account for less than 10% of EOPD patients, we hypothesized that further recessive genetic factors are involved in this disorder, which may appear in extended runs of homozygosity.We carried out genome wide SNP genotyping to look for extended runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in 1,445 EOPD cases and 6,987 controls. Logistic regression analyses showed an increased level of genomic homozygosity in EOPD cases compared to controls. These differences are larger for ROH of 9 Mb and above, where there is a more than three-fold increase in the proportion of cases carrying a ROH. These differences are not explained by occult recessive mutations at existing loci. Controlling for genome wide homozygosity in logistic regression analyses increased the differences between cases and controls, indicating that in EOPD cases ROHs do not simply relate to genome wide measures of inbreeding. Homozygosity at a locus on chromosome19p13.3 was identified as being more common in EOPD cases as compared to controls. Sequencing analysis of genes and predicted transcripts within this locus failed to identify a novel mutation causing EOPD in our cohort.There is an increased rate of genome wide homozygosity in EOPD, as measured by an increase in ROHs. These ROHs are a signature of inbreeding and do not necessarily harbour disease-causing genetic variants. Although there might be other regions of interest apart from chromosome 19p13.3, we lack the power to detect them with this analysis. |
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| AbstractList | Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in both familial and sporadic forms, and both monogenic and complex genetic factors have been identified. Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry mutations leading to AR disease. Since mutations in these genes account for less than 10% of EOPD patients, we hypothesized that further recessive genetic factors are involved in this disorder, which may appear in extended runs of homozygosity. We carried out genome wide SNP genotyping to look for extended runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in 1,445 EOPD cases and 6,987 controls. Logistic regression analyses showed an increased level of genomic homozygosity in EOPD cases compared to controls. These differences are larger for ROH of 9 Mb and above, where there is a more than three-fold increase in the proportion of cases carrying a ROH. These differences are not explained by occult recessive mutations at existing loci. Controlling for genome wide homozygosity in logistic regression analyses increased the differences between cases and controls, indicating that in EOPD cases ROHs do not simply relate to genome wide measures of inbreeding. Homozygosity at a locus on chromosome19p13.3 was identified as being more common in EOPD cases as compared to controls. Sequencing analysis of genes and predicted transcripts within this locus failed to identify a novel mutation causing EOPD in our cohort. There is an increased rate of genome wide homozygosity in EOPD, as measured by an increase in ROHs. These ROHs are a signature of inbreeding and do not necessarily harbour disease-causing genetic variants. Although there might be other regions of interest apart from chromosome 19p13.3, we lack the power to detect them with this analysis. Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in both familial and sporadic forms, and both monogenic and complex genetic factors have been identified. Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry mutations leading to AR disease. Since mutations in these genes account for less than 10% of EOPD patients, we hypothesized that further recessive genetic factors are involved in this disorder, which may appear in extended runs of homozygosity. We carried out genome wide SNP genotyping to look for extended runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in 1,445 EOPD cases and 6,987 controls. Logistic regression analyses showed an increased level of genomic homozygosity in EOPD cases compared to controls. These differences are larger for ROH of 9 Mb and above, where there is a more than three-fold increase in the proportion of cases carrying a ROH. These differences are not explained by occult recessive mutations at existing loci. Controlling for genome wide homozygosity in logistic regression analyses increased the differences between cases and controls, indicating that in EOPD cases ROHs do not simply relate to genome wide measures of inbreeding. Homozygosity at a locus on chromosome19p13.3 was identified as being more common in EOPD cases as compared to controls. Sequencing analysis of genes and predicted transcripts within this locus failed to identify a novel mutation causing EOPD in our cohort. There is an increased rate of genome wide homozygosity in EOPD, as measured by an increase in ROHs. These ROHs are a signature of inbreeding and do not necessarily harbour disease-causing genetic variants. Although there might be other regions of interest apart from chromosome 19p13.3, we lack the power to detect them with this analysis. Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in both familial and sporadic forms, and both monogenic and complex genetic factors have been identified. Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry mutations leading to AR disease. Since mutations in these genes account for less than 10% of EOPD patients, we hypothesized that further recessive genetic factors are involved in this disorder, which may appear in extended runs of homozygosity.We carried out genome wide SNP genotyping to look for extended runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in 1,445 EOPD cases and 6,987 controls. Logistic regression analyses showed an increased level of genomic homozygosity in EOPD cases compared to controls. These differences are larger for ROH of 9 Mb and above, where there is a more than three-fold increase in the proportion of cases carrying a ROH. These differences are not explained by occult recessive mutations at existing loci. Controlling for genome wide homozygosity in logistic regression analyses increased the differences between cases and controls, indicating that in EOPD cases ROHs do not simply relate to genome wide measures of inbreeding. Homozygosity at a locus on chromosome19p13.3 was identified as being more common in EOPD cases as compared to controls. Sequencing analysis of genes and predicted transcripts within this locus failed to identify a novel mutation causing EOPD in our cohort.There is an increased rate of genome wide homozygosity in EOPD, as measured by an increase in ROHs. These ROHs are a signature of inbreeding and do not necessarily harbour disease-causing genetic variants. Although there might be other regions of interest apart from chromosome 19p13.3, we lack the power to detect them with this analysis.Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in both familial and sporadic forms, and both monogenic and complex genetic factors have been identified. Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry mutations leading to AR disease. Since mutations in these genes account for less than 10% of EOPD patients, we hypothesized that further recessive genetic factors are involved in this disorder, which may appear in extended runs of homozygosity.We carried out genome wide SNP genotyping to look for extended runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in 1,445 EOPD cases and 6,987 controls. Logistic regression analyses showed an increased level of genomic homozygosity in EOPD cases compared to controls. These differences are larger for ROH of 9 Mb and above, where there is a more than three-fold increase in the proportion of cases carrying a ROH. These differences are not explained by occult recessive mutations at existing loci. Controlling for genome wide homozygosity in logistic regression analyses increased the differences between cases and controls, indicating that in EOPD cases ROHs do not simply relate to genome wide measures of inbreeding. Homozygosity at a locus on chromosome19p13.3 was identified as being more common in EOPD cases as compared to controls. Sequencing analysis of genes and predicted transcripts within this locus failed to identify a novel mutation causing EOPD in our cohort.There is an increased rate of genome wide homozygosity in EOPD, as measured by an increase in ROHs. These ROHs are a signature of inbreeding and do not necessarily harbour disease-causing genetic variants. Although there might be other regions of interest apart from chromosome 19p13.3, we lack the power to detect them with this analysis. Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in both familial and sporadic forms, and both monogenic and complex genetic factors have been identified. Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry mutations leading to AR disease. Since mutations in these genes account for less than 10% of EOPD patients, we hypothesized that further recessive genetic factors are involved in this disorder, which may appear in extended runs of homozygosity. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Heutink, Peter Wood, Nicholas W. Morris, Huw R. Brice, Alexis Hardy, John Martinez, Maria Holmans, Peter Simón-Sánchez, Javier Nalls, Michael A. Kilarski, Laura L. Williams, Nigel Schulte, Claudia Gasser, Thomas Singleton, Andrew B. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 8 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom 4 Inserm, UMR 1043, Toulouse, France 6 Department of Psychological Medicine & Neurology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom 10 Inserm, U975, Paris, France 2 MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom University of Florida, United States of America 1 Section of Medical Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 3 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America 5 Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France 7 Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany 11 Cnrs, UMR 7225, Paris, France 9 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Centre de Recherche de l'I |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: University of Florida, United States of America – name: 4 Inserm, UMR 1043, Toulouse, France – name: 1 Section of Medical Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands – name: 11 Cnrs, UMR 7225, Paris, France – name: 9 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, UMR-S975, Paris, France – name: 8 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom – name: 3 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America – name: 6 Department of Psychological Medicine & Neurology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom – name: 5 Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France – name: 7 Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany – name: 2 MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom – name: 10 Inserm, U975, Paris, France |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Javier surname: Simón-Sánchez fullname: Simón-Sánchez, Javier – sequence: 2 givenname: Laura L. surname: Kilarski fullname: Kilarski, Laura L. – sequence: 3 givenname: Michael A. surname: Nalls fullname: Nalls, Michael A. – sequence: 4 givenname: Maria surname: Martinez fullname: Martinez, Maria – sequence: 5 givenname: Claudia surname: Schulte fullname: Schulte, Claudia – sequence: 6 givenname: Peter surname: Holmans fullname: Holmans, Peter – sequence: 7 givenname: Thomas surname: Gasser fullname: Gasser, Thomas – sequence: 8 givenname: John surname: Hardy fullname: Hardy, John – sequence: 9 givenname: Andrew B. surname: Singleton fullname: Singleton, Andrew B. – sequence: 10 givenname: Nicholas W. surname: Wood fullname: Wood, Nicholas W. – sequence: 11 givenname: Alexis surname: Brice fullname: Brice, Alexis – sequence: 12 givenname: Peter surname: Heutink fullname: Heutink, Peter – sequence: 13 givenname: Nigel surname: Williams fullname: Williams, Nigel – sequence: 14 givenname: Huw R. surname: Morris fullname: Morris, Huw R. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22427796$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CorporateAuthor | International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium |
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| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0028787 |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: HRM NMW LLK JS-S CS. Performed the experiments: JS-S LLK. Analyzed the data: LLK JS-S. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CS. Wrote the paper: LLK JS-S HRM NMW. Contributed samples: TG JH ABS NWW AB PH NMW HRM WTCCC2. Critically reviewed manuscript: MAN MM PAH JH AB NMW HRM JS-S LLK. a Membership of the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium is provided in the Acknowledgments. b Membership of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium is provided in supporting information. |
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| Title | Cooperative Genome-Wide Analysis Shows Increased Homozygosity in Early Onset Parkinson's Disease |
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