The nanosilica hazard: another variable entity

Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relativel...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Particle and fibre toxicology Jg. 7; H. 1; S. 39
Hauptverfasser:	Napierska, Dorota, Thomassen, Leen CJ, Lison, Dominique, Martens, Johan A, Hoet, Peter H
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	London BioMed Central 03.12.2010 BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC
Schlagworte:	Air Pollutants, Occupational - toxicity Animals Aqueous solutions Atoms & subatomic particles Biocompatibility Biological effects Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Blood-brain barrier Cell Line Cell Survival - drug effects Chemical properties Crystal structure Cytotoxicity Development and progression Environmental Health Health aspects Humans Inflammation Inhalation Inhalation Exposure Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Nanoparticles - toxicity Nanotechnology Particle Size Pharmacology/Toxicology Pneumology/Respiratory System Public Health Quartz R&D Research & development Review Risk Assessment Risk factors Silica Silicon Dioxide - chemical synthesis Silicon Dioxide - classification Silicon Dioxide - toxicity Surface chemistry Belgium Amorphous Silica Silica Material Fumed Silica Silica Particle Silicosis
ISSN:	1743-8977, 1743-8977
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Abstract	Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relatively little information exists on the toxicity of its amorphous and nano-size forms. Because nanoparticles possess novel properties, kinetics and unusual bioactivity, their potential biological effects may differ greatly from those of micron-size bulk materials. In this review, we summarize the physico-chemical properties of the different nano-sized silica materials that can affect their interaction with biological systems, with a specific emphasis on inhalation exposure. We discuss recent in vitro and in vivo investigations into the toxicity of nanosilica, both crystalline and amorphous. Most of the in vitro studies of SNPs report results of cellular uptake, size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species levels and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Evidence from a limited number of in vivo studies demonstrates largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma formation and focal emphysema, with no progressive lung fibrosis. Clearly, more research with standardized materials is needed to enable comparison of experimental data for the different forms of nanosilicas and to establish which physico-chemical properties are responsible for the observed toxicity of SNPs.
AbstractList	Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relatively little information exists on the toxicity of its amorphous and nano-size forms. Because nanoparticles possess novel properties, kinetics and unusual bioactivity, their potential biological effects may differ greatly from those of micron-size bulk materials. In this review, we summarize the physico-chemical properties of the different nano-sized silica materials that can affect their interaction with biological systems, with a specific emphasis on inhalation exposure. We discuss recent in vitro and in vivo investigations into the toxicity of nanosilica, both crystalline and amorphous. Most of the in vitro studies of SNPs report results of cellular uptake, size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species levels and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Evidence from a limited number of in vivo studies demonstrates largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma formation and focal emphysema, with no progressive lung fibrosis. Clearly, more research with standardized materials is needed to enable comparison of experimental data for the different forms of nanosilicas and to establish which physico-chemical properties are responsible for the observed toxicity of SNPs.Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relatively little information exists on the toxicity of its amorphous and nano-size forms. Because nanoparticles possess novel properties, kinetics and unusual bioactivity, their potential biological effects may differ greatly from those of micron-size bulk materials. In this review, we summarize the physico-chemical properties of the different nano-sized silica materials that can affect their interaction with biological systems, with a specific emphasis on inhalation exposure. We discuss recent in vitro and in vivo investigations into the toxicity of nanosilica, both crystalline and amorphous. Most of the in vitro studies of SNPs report results of cellular uptake, size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species levels and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Evidence from a limited number of in vivo studies demonstrates largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma formation and focal emphysema, with no progressive lung fibrosis. Clearly, more research with standardized materials is needed to enable comparison of experimental data for the different forms of nanosilicas and to establish which physico-chemical properties are responsible for the observed toxicity of SNPs. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relatively little information exists on the toxicity of its amorphous and nano-size forms. Because nanoparticles possess novel properties, kinetics and unusual bioactivity, their potential biological effects may differ greatly from those of micron-size bulk materials. In this review, we summarize the physico-chemical properties of the different nano-sized silica materials that can affect their interaction with biological systems, with a specific emphasis on inhalation exposure. We discuss recent in vitro and in vivo investigations into the toxicity of nanosilica, both crystalline and amorphous. Most of the in vitro studies of SNPs report results of cellular uptake, size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species levels and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Evidence from a limited number of in vivo studies demonstrates largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma formation and focal emphysema, with no progressive lung fibrosis. Clearly, more research with standardized materials is needed to enable comparison of experimental data for the different forms of nanosilicas and to establish which physico-chemical properties are responsible for the observed toxicity of SNPs. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relatively little information exists on the toxicity of its amorphous and nano-size forms. Because nanoparticles possess novel properties, kinetics and unusual bioactivity, their potential biological effects may differ greatly from those of micron-size bulk materials. In this review, we summarize the physico-chemical properties of the different nano-sized silica materials that can affect their interaction with biological systems, with a specific emphasis on inhalation exposure. We discuss recent in vitro and in vivo investigations into the toxicity of nanosilica, both crystalline and amorphous. Most of the in vitro studies of SNPs report results of cellular uptake, size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species levels and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Evidence from a limited number of in vivo studies demonstrates largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma formation and focal emphysema, with no progressive lung fibrosis. Clearly, more research with standardized materials is needed to enable comparison of experimental data for the different forms of nanosilicas and to establish which physico-chemical properties are responsible for the observed toxicity of SNPs. Abstract Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relatively little information exists on the toxicity of its amorphous and nano-size forms. Because nanoparticles possess novel properties, kinetics and unusual bioactivity, their potential biological effects may differ greatly from those of micron-size bulk materials. In this review, we summarize the physico-chemical properties of the different nano-sized silica materials that can affect their interaction with biological systems, with a specific emphasis on inhalation exposure. We discuss recent in vitro and in vivo investigations into the toxicity of nanosilica, both crystalline and amorphous. Most of the in vitro studies of SNPs report results of cellular uptake, size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species levels and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Evidence from a limited number of in vivo studies demonstrates largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma formation and focal emphysema, with no progressive lung fibrosis. Clearly, more research with standardized materials is needed to enable comparison of experimental data for the different forms of nanosilicas and to establish which physico-chemical properties are responsible for the observed toxicity of SNPs.
ArticleNumber	39
Audience	Academic
Author	Hoet, Peter H Napierska, Dorota Thomassen, Leen CJ Martens, Johan A Lison, Dominique
AuthorAffiliation	1 Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium 3 Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 53.02, 1200 Brussels, Belgium 2 Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium – name: 1 Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium – name: 3 Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 53.02, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Dorota surname: Napierska fullname: Napierska, Dorota organization: Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – sequence: 2 givenname: Leen CJ surname: Thomassen fullname: Thomassen, Leen CJ organization: Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – sequence: 3 givenname: Dominique surname: Lison fullname: Lison, Dominique organization: Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université Catholique de Louvain – sequence: 4 givenname: Johan A surname: Martens fullname: Martens, Johan A organization: Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – sequence: 5 givenname: Peter H surname: Hoet fullname: Hoet, Peter H email: peter.hoet@med.kuleuven.be organization: Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21126379$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords	Amorphous Silica Silica Material Fumed Silica Silica Particle Silicosis
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PublicationTitle	Particle and fibre toxicology
PublicationTitleAbbrev	Part Fibre Toxicol
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PublicationYear	2010
Publisher	BioMed Central BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC
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Snippet	Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great potential... Abstract Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great...
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SubjectTerms	Air Pollutants, Occupational - toxicity Animals Aqueous solutions Atoms & subatomic particles Biocompatibility Biological effects Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Blood-brain barrier Cell Line Cell Survival - drug effects Chemical properties Crystal structure Cytotoxicity Development and progression Environmental Health Health aspects Humans Inflammation Inhalation Inhalation Exposure Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Nanoparticles - toxicity Nanotechnology Particle Size Pharmacology/Toxicology Pneumology/Respiratory System Public Health Quartz R&D Research & development Review Risk Assessment Risk factors Silica Silicon Dioxide - chemical synthesis Silicon Dioxide - classification Silicon Dioxide - toxicity Surface chemistry
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Title	The nanosilica hazard: another variable entity
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