The mechanism of hamstring injuries – a systematic review

Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic revie...

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Veröffentlicht in:BMC musculoskeletal disorders Jg. 21; H. 1; S. 641 - 21
Hauptverfasser: Danielsson, Adam, Horvath, Alexandra, Senorski, Carl, Alentorn-Geli, Eduard, Garrett, William E., Cugat, Ramón, Samuelsson, Kristian, Hamrin Senorski, Eric
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London BioMed Central 29.09.2020
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
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ISSN:1471-2474, 1471-2474
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Abstract Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries . All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV
AbstractList Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries . All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV
Abstract Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV
Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level IV.
Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV
Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury:stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.
Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.
Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined.BACKGROUNDInjuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined.To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review.PURPOSETo investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review.A systematic review following the PRISMA statement.STUDY DESIGNA systematic review following the PRISMA statement.A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained.METHODSA systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained.Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.RESULTSTwenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.CONCLUSIONA stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.Level IV.LEVEL OF EVIDENCELevel IV.
Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV Keywords: Running, Sprinting, Biomechanics, Strength, Muscle injury
ArticleNumber 641
Audience Academic
Author Senorski, Carl
Danielsson, Adam
Horvath, Alexandra
Samuelsson, Kristian
Cugat, Ramón
Garrett, William E.
Alentorn-Geli, Eduard
Hamrin Senorski, Eric
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Adam
  surname: Danielsson
  fullname: Danielsson, Adam
  organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Alexandra
  surname: Horvath
  fullname: Horvath, Alexandra
  organization: Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Carl
  surname: Senorski
  fullname: Senorski, Carl
  organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Eduard
  surname: Alentorn-Geli
  fullname: Alentorn-Geli, Eduard
  organization: Instituto Cugat, Mutualidad Catalana de Futbolistas, Federación Española de Fútbol, Fundación García-Cugat
– sequence: 5
  givenname: William E.
  surname: Garrett
  fullname: Garrett, William E.
  organization: Duke Sports Sciences Institute, Duke University
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Ramón
  surname: Cugat
  fullname: Cugat, Ramón
  organization: Instituto Cugat, Mutualidad Catalana de Futbolistas, Federación Española de Fútbol, Fundación García-Cugat
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Kristian
  surname: Samuelsson
  fullname: Samuelsson, Kristian
  organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Eric
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9340-0147
  surname: Hamrin Senorski
  fullname: Hamrin Senorski, Eric
  email: eric.hamrin.senorski@gu.se
  organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32993700$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/297612$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index (Göteborgs universitet)
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Issue 1
Keywords Biomechanics
Muscle injury
Running
Sprinting
Strength
Language English
License Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
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  publication-title: Gait Posture
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Snippet Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury...
Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of...
Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury...
Abstract Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the...
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SubjectTerms Athletic Injuries
Australian football
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomechanics
Contraction
Data collection
Electromyography
Epidemiology
force
Full text
Gait
Hamstring Muscles - injuries
Hip
Humans
Injuries
Internal Medicine
Kinematics
Knee
Knee Joint
Literature reviews
male soccer players
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Muscle contraction
Muscle injury
muscle kinematics
Muscle, Skeletal - injuries
Muscles
Musculoskeletal diseases
Orthopaedics
Orthopedics
Orthopedics and biomechanics
Ortopedi
professional football
Rehabilitation
Research Article
Rheumatology
risk-factors
Running
Sports Medicine
Sprinting
strains
Strength
stretching-type
Systematic review
time
Validity
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Title The mechanism of hamstring injuries – a systematic review
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