The mechanism of hamstring injuries – a systematic review
Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic revie...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BMC musculoskeletal disorders Jg. 21; H. 1; S. 641 - 21 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
BioMed Central
29.09.2020
BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC |
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| ISSN: | 1471-2474, 1471-2474 |
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| Abstract | Background
Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined.
Purpose
To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review.
Study design
A systematic review following the PRISMA statement.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained.
Results
Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury:
stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries
. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.
Conclusion
A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.
Level of evidence
Level IV |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Background
Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined.
Purpose
To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review.
Study design
A systematic review following the PRISMA statement.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained.
Results
Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury:
stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries
. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.
Conclusion
A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.
Level of evidence
Level IV Abstract Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level IV. Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury:stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined.BACKGROUNDInjuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined.To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review.PURPOSETo investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review.A systematic review following the PRISMA statement.STUDY DESIGNA systematic review following the PRISMA statement.A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained.METHODSA systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained.Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.RESULTSTwenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.CONCLUSIONA stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle.Level IV.LEVEL OF EVIDENCELevel IV. Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries. All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV Keywords: Running, Sprinting, Biomechanics, Strength, Muscle injury |
| ArticleNumber | 641 |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Senorski, Carl Danielsson, Adam Horvath, Alexandra Samuelsson, Kristian Cugat, Ramón Garrett, William E. Alentorn-Geli, Eduard Hamrin Senorski, Eric |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Adam surname: Danielsson fullname: Danielsson, Adam organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg – sequence: 2 givenname: Alexandra surname: Horvath fullname: Horvath, Alexandra organization: Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg – sequence: 3 givenname: Carl surname: Senorski fullname: Senorski, Carl organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital – sequence: 4 givenname: Eduard surname: Alentorn-Geli fullname: Alentorn-Geli, Eduard organization: Instituto Cugat, Mutualidad Catalana de Futbolistas, Federación Española de Fútbol, Fundación García-Cugat – sequence: 5 givenname: William E. surname: Garrett fullname: Garrett, William E. organization: Duke Sports Sciences Institute, Duke University – sequence: 6 givenname: Ramón surname: Cugat fullname: Cugat, Ramón organization: Instituto Cugat, Mutualidad Catalana de Futbolistas, Federación Española de Fútbol, Fundación García-Cugat – sequence: 7 givenname: Kristian surname: Samuelsson fullname: Samuelsson, Kristian organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg – sequence: 8 givenname: Eric orcidid: 0000-0002-9340-0147 surname: Hamrin Senorski fullname: Hamrin Senorski, Eric email: eric.hamrin.senorski@gu.se organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32993700$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/297612$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index (Göteborgs universitet) |
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| DOI | 10.1186/s12891-020-03658-8 |
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Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury... Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of... Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury... Abstract Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Athletic Injuries Australian football Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Contraction Data collection Electromyography Epidemiology force Full text Gait Hamstring Muscles - injuries Hip Humans Injuries Internal Medicine Kinematics Knee Knee Joint Literature reviews male soccer players Medicine Medicine & Public Health Muscle contraction Muscle injury muscle kinematics Muscle, Skeletal - injuries Muscles Musculoskeletal diseases Orthopaedics Orthopedics Orthopedics and biomechanics Ortopedi professional football Rehabilitation Research Article Rheumatology risk-factors Running Sports Medicine Sprinting strains Strength stretching-type Systematic review time Validity |
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| Title | The mechanism of hamstring injuries – a systematic review |
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