The mechanism of hamstring injuries – a systematic review

Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic revie...

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Vydáno v:	BMC musculoskeletal disorders Ročník 21; číslo 1; s. 641 - 21
Hlavní autoři:	Danielsson, Adam, Horvath, Alexandra, Senorski, Carl, Alentorn-Geli, Eduard, Garrett, William E., Cugat, Ramón, Samuelsson, Kristian, Hamrin Senorski, Eric
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	London BioMed Central 29.09.2020 BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC
Témata:	Athletic Injuries Australian football Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Contraction Data collection Electromyography Epidemiology force Full text Gait Hamstring Muscles - injuries Hip Humans Injuries Internal Medicine Kinematics Knee Knee Joint Literature reviews male soccer players Medicine Medicine & Public Health Muscle contraction Muscle injury muscle kinematics Muscle, Skeletal - injuries Muscles Musculoskeletal diseases Orthopaedics Orthopedics Orthopedics and biomechanics Ortopedi professional football Rehabilitation Research Article Rheumatology risk-factors Running Sports Medicine Sprinting strains Strength stretching-type Systematic review time Validity Biomechanics Muscle injury Running Sprinting Strength
ISSN:	1471-2474, 1471-2474
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Shrnutí:	Background Injuries to the hamstring muscles are among the most common in sports and account for significant time loss. Despite being so common, the injury mechanism of hamstring injuries remains to be determined. Purpose To investigate the hamstring injury mechanism by conducting a systematic review. Study design A systematic review following the PRISMA statement. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies 1) written in English and 2) deciding on the mechanism of hamstring injury were eligible for inclusion. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, book chapters and editorials were excluded, as well as studies where the full text could not be obtained. Results Twenty-six of 2372 screened original studies were included and stratified to the mechanism or methods used to determine hamstring injury: stretch-related injuries, kinematic analysis, electromyography-based kinematic analysis and strength-related injuries . All studies that reported the stretch-type injury mechanism concluded that injury occurs due to extensive hip flexion with a hyperextended knee. The vast majority of studies on injuries during running proposed that these injuries occur during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Conclusion A stretch-type injury to the hamstrings is caused by extensive hip flexion with an extended knee. Hamstring injuries during sprinting are most likely to occur due to excessive muscle strain caused by eccentric contraction during the late swing phase of the running gait cycle. Level of evidence Level IV
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Feature-3 ObjectType-Evidence Based Healthcare-1 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3
ISSN:	1471-2474 1471-2474
DOI:	10.1186/s12891-020-03658-8