Recent advances in exosome-mediated nucleic acid delivery for cancer therapy

Cancer is a leading public health problem worldwide. Its treatment remains a daunting challenge, although significant progress has been made in existing treatments in recent years. A large concern is the poor therapeutic effect due to lack of specificity and low bioavailability. Gene therapy has rec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of nanobiotechnology Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 279 - 29
Main Authors: Zhang, Ying, Liu, Qiqi, Zhang, Xinmeng, Huang, Haoqiang, Tang, Shiqi, Chai, Yujuan, Xu, Zhourui, Li, Meirong, Chen, Xin, Liu, Jia, Yang, Chengbin
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 14.06.2022
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Acids
Analysis
B cells
Bioavailability
Biocompatibility
Biosynthesis
Biotechnology
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Cancer treatment
Care and treatment
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemotherapy
Circular RNA
Clinical trials
Delivery
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Dosage and administration
Drug development
Drugs
Efficiency
Exosome
Exosomes
Extracellular vesicles
Gene expression
Gene therapy
Genetic engineering
Immunogenicity
Lipids
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Molecular Medicine
mRNA
Nanotechnology
Nucleic acid drug
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Public health
Review
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
siRNA
Toxicity
China
Delivery
Gene therapy
Exosome
Cancer treatment
Nucleic acid drug
ISSN:1477-3155, 1477-3155
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Cancer is a leading public health problem worldwide. Its treatment remains a daunting challenge, although significant progress has been made in existing treatments in recent years. A large concern is the poor therapeutic effect due to lack of specificity and low bioavailability. Gene therapy has recently emerged as a powerful tool for cancer therapy. However, delivery methods limit its therapeutic effects. Exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles secreted by most cells, have the characteristics of good biocompatibility, low toxicity and immunogenicity, and great designability. In the past decades, as therapeutic carriers and diagnostic markers, they have caught extensive attention. This review introduced the characteristics of exosomes, and focused on their applications as delivery carriers in DNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and other nucleic acids. Meanwhile, their application in cancer therapy and exosome-based clinical trials were presented and discussed. Through systematic summarization and analysis, the recent advances and current challenges of exosome-mediated nucleic acid delivery for cancer therapy are introduced, which will provide a theoretical basis for the development of nucleic acid drugs. Graphical Abstract
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ISSN:1477-3155
1477-3155
DOI:10.1186/s12951-022-01472-z