Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants
A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing 1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study 2 . We...
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| Vydáno v: | Nature (London) Ročník 599; číslo 7886; s. 628 - 634 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
25.11.2021
Nature Publishing Group |
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| ISSN: | 0028-0836, 1476-4687, 1476-4687 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing
1
to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study
2
. We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at
P
≤ 2.18 × 10
−11
. Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (
SLC9A3R2
), diabetes (
MAP3K15
,
FAM234A
) and asthma (
SLC27A3
). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (
GBE1
,
PLD1
). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene–trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale.
Whole-exome sequencing analysis of 454,787 individuals in the UK Biobank is used to examine the association of protein-coding variants with nearly 4,000 health-related traits, identifying 564 distinct genes with significant trait associations. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study2. We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P ≤ 2.18 × 10-11. Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (SLC9A3R2), diabetes (MAP3K15, FAM234A) and asthma (SLC27A3). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (GBE1, PLD1). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals ofEuropean, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene-trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing.sup.1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study.sup.2. We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P [less than or equal to] 2.18 × 10.sup.-11. Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (SLC9A3R2), diabetes (MAP3K15, FAM234A) and asthma (SLC27A3). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (GBE1, PLD1). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene-trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing.sup.1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study.sup.2. We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P [less than or equal to] 2.18 × 10.sup.-11. Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (SLC9A3R2), diabetes (MAP3K15, FAM234A) and asthma (SLC27A3). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (GBE1, PLD1). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene-trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. Whole-exome sequencing analysis of 454,787 individuals in the UK Biobank is used to examine the association of protein-coding variants with nearly 4,000 health-related traits, identifying 564 distinct genes with significant trait associations. A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study2. We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P ≤ 2.18 × 10−11. Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (SLC9A3R2), diabetes (MAP3K15, FAM234A) and asthma (SLC27A3). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (GBE1, PLD1). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene–trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. Whole-exome sequencing analysis of 454,787 individuals in the UK Biobank is used to examine the association of protein-coding variants with nearly 4,000 health-related traits, identifying 564 distinct genes with significant trait associations. A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study2. We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P ≤ 2.18 × 10-11. Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (SLC9A3R2), diabetes (MAP3K15, FAM234A) and asthma (SLC27A3). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (GBE1, PLD1). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene-trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale.A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study2. We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P ≤ 2.18 × 10-11. Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (SLC9A3R2), diabetes (MAP3K15, FAM234A) and asthma (SLC27A3). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (GBE1, PLD1). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene-trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing 1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study 2 . We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P ≤ 2.18 × 10 −11 . Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension ( SLC9A3R2 ), diabetes ( MAP3K15 , FAM234A ) and asthma ( SLC27A3 ). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development ( GBE1 , PLD1 ). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene–trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. Whole-exome sequencing analysis of 454,787 individuals in the UK Biobank is used to examine the association of protein-coding variants with nearly 4,000 health-related traits, identifying 564 distinct genes with significant trait associations. A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study . We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P ≤ 2.18 × 10 . Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension (SLC9A3R2), diabetes (MAP3K15, FAM234A) and asthma (SLC27A3). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development (GBE1, PLD1). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene-trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. A major goal in human genetics is to use natural variation to understand the phenotypic consequences of altering each protein-coding gene in the genome. Here we used exome sequencing 1 to explore protein-altering variants and their consequences in 454,787 participants in the UK Biobank study 2 . We identified 12 million coding variants, including around 1 million loss-of-function and around 1.8 million deleterious missense variants. When these were tested for association with 3,994 health-related traits, we found 564 genes with trait associations at P ≤ 2.18 × 10 −11 . Rare variant associations were enriched in loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but most (91%) were independent of common variant signals. We discovered several risk-increasing associations with traits related to liver disease, eye disease and cancer, among others, as well as risk-lowering associations for hypertension ( SLC9A3R2 ), diabetes ( MAP3K15 , FAM234A ) and asthma ( SLC27A3 ). Six genes were associated with brain imaging phenotypes, including two involved in neural development ( GBE1 , PLD1 ). Of the signals available and powered for replication in an independent cohort, 81% were confirmed; furthermore, association signals were generally consistent across individuals of European, Asian and African ancestry. We illustrate the ability of exome sequencing to identify gene–trait associations, elucidate gene function and pinpoint effector genes that underlie GWAS signals at scale. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Jones, Marcus Benner, Christian Gurski, Lauren Rajagopal, Veera Li, Alexander H. Shuldiner, Alan R. Abecasis, Gonçalo R. Kosmicki, Jack A. Overton, John D. Banerjee, Nilanjana Lotta, Luca A. Liu, Simon Liu, Daren Yancopoulos, George Coppola, Giovanni Gillies, Christopher E. Watanabe, Kyoko Backman, Joshua D. Damask, Amy Bai, Xiaodong Locke, Adam E. Kang, Hyun M. Sun, Dylan Balasubramanian, Suganthi Mbatchou, Joelle Ferreira, Manuel A. R. Hawes, Alicia Salerno, William J. Cantor, Michael N. Maxwell, Evan Baras, Aris Marcketta, Anthony Marchini, Jonathan Yadav, Ashish Habegger, Lukas Mitnaul, Lyndon Reid, Jeffrey G. Jorgenson, Eric Kessler, Michael D. Stahl, Eli Mighty, Jason |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Joshua D. surname: Backman fullname: Backman, Joshua D. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 2 givenname: Alexander H. surname: Li fullname: Li, Alexander H. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 3 givenname: Anthony surname: Marcketta fullname: Marcketta, Anthony organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 4 givenname: Dylan surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Dylan organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 5 givenname: Joelle surname: Mbatchou fullname: Mbatchou, Joelle organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 6 givenname: Michael D. surname: Kessler fullname: Kessler, Michael D. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 7 givenname: Christian surname: Benner fullname: Benner, Christian organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 8 givenname: Daren surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Daren organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 9 givenname: Adam E. orcidid: 0000-0001-6227-198X surname: Locke fullname: Locke, Adam E. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 10 givenname: Suganthi surname: Balasubramanian fullname: Balasubramanian, Suganthi organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 11 givenname: Ashish surname: Yadav fullname: Yadav, Ashish organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 12 givenname: Nilanjana surname: Banerjee fullname: Banerjee, Nilanjana organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 13 givenname: Christopher E. surname: Gillies fullname: Gillies, Christopher E. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 14 givenname: Amy surname: Damask fullname: Damask, Amy organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 15 givenname: Simon surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Simon organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 16 givenname: Xiaodong surname: Bai fullname: Bai, Xiaodong organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 17 givenname: Alicia surname: Hawes fullname: Hawes, Alicia organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 18 givenname: Evan surname: Maxwell fullname: Maxwell, Evan organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 19 givenname: Lauren surname: Gurski fullname: Gurski, Lauren organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 20 givenname: Kyoko orcidid: 0000-0002-3303-8860 surname: Watanabe fullname: Watanabe, Kyoko organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 21 givenname: Jack A. surname: Kosmicki fullname: Kosmicki, Jack A. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 22 givenname: Veera surname: Rajagopal fullname: Rajagopal, Veera organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 23 givenname: Jason surname: Mighty fullname: Mighty, Jason organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 26 givenname: Marcus surname: Jones fullname: Jones, Marcus organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 27 givenname: Lyndon surname: Mitnaul fullname: Mitnaul, Lyndon organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 28 givenname: Eli surname: Stahl fullname: Stahl, Eli organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 29 givenname: Giovanni orcidid: 0000-0003-2105-1061 surname: Coppola fullname: Coppola, Giovanni organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 30 givenname: Eric orcidid: 0000-0002-5829-8191 surname: Jorgenson fullname: Jorgenson, Eric organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 31 givenname: Lukas surname: Habegger fullname: Habegger, Lukas organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 32 givenname: William J. surname: Salerno fullname: Salerno, William J. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 33 givenname: Alan R. surname: Shuldiner fullname: Shuldiner, Alan R. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 34 givenname: Luca A. surname: Lotta fullname: Lotta, Luca A. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 35 givenname: John D. surname: Overton fullname: Overton, John D. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 36 givenname: Michael N. orcidid: 0000-0002-1074-1203 surname: Cantor fullname: Cantor, Michael N. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 37 givenname: Jeffrey G. orcidid: 0000-0001-8645-4713 surname: Reid fullname: Reid, Jeffrey G. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 38 givenname: George surname: Yancopoulos fullname: Yancopoulos, George organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 39 givenname: Hyun M. surname: Kang fullname: Kang, Hyun M. organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 40 givenname: Jonathan orcidid: 0000-0003-0610-8322 surname: Marchini fullname: Marchini, Jonathan organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 41 givenname: Aris orcidid: 0000-0002-6830-3396 surname: Baras fullname: Baras, Aris organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 42 givenname: Gonçalo R. surname: Abecasis fullname: Abecasis, Gonçalo R. email: goncalo.abecasis@regeneron.com organization: Regeneron Genetics Center – sequence: 43 givenname: Manuel A. R. orcidid: 0000-0001-9059-1825 surname: Ferreira fullname: Ferreira, Manuel A. R. email: manuel.ferreira@regeneron.com organization: Regeneron Genetics Center |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34662886$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | The Author(s) 2021 2021. The Author(s). COPYRIGHT 2021 Nature Publishing Group Copyright Nature Publishing Group Nov 25, 2021 |
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| Title | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants |
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