Toll-like receptors in the depressed and suicide brain

Abnormalities of the immune function in depression and suicide are based in part on the observation of increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum and postmortem brain of depressed and suicidal patients. We have examined if abnormalities of the innate immune receptors, known as Toll-l...

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Vydané v:	Journal of psychiatric research Ročník 53; s. 62 - 68
Hlavní autori:	Pandey, Ghanshyam N., Rizavi, Hooriyah S., Ren, Xinguo, Bhaumik, Runa, Dwivedi, Yogesh
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2014 Elsevier
Predmet:	Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Aged Analysis of Variance Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Cortex Cytokines Depression Depression - pathology Depression - psychology Ethanol - pharmacology Female Gene Expression - drug effects Gene Expression - physiology Humans Innate immunity Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Miscellaneous Mood disorders Postmortem brain Postmortems Prefrontal Cortex - drug effects Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism Proteins Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry RNA, Messenger - metabolism Suicide Suicide - psychology Toll-like receptors (TLRs) Toll-Like Receptors - genetics Toll-Like Receptors - metabolism Victims Young Adult Depression Innate immunity Toll-like receptors (TLRs) Cytokines Suicide Postmortem brain Mood disorder Central nervous system Cytokine Postmortem Encephalon Biological receptor
ISSN:	0022-3956, 1879-1379, 1879-1379
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Shrnutí:	Abnormalities of the immune function in depression and suicide are based in part on the observation of increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum and postmortem brain of depressed and suicidal patients. We have examined if abnormalities of the innate immune receptors, known as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), in the brain are associated with depression and suicide, since the activation of these receptors results in production of cytokines. Of all the TLRs shown to be present in humans, TLR3 and TLR4 appear to be unique and important in brain function. We have determined the protein (by ELISA method) and mRNA expression (using qPCR) of TLR3 and TLR4 in the postmortem brain (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC]) of 22 depressed suicide victims, 11 non-depressed suicide victims, 12 depressed non-suicide subjects and 20 normal control subjects. We found that the mRNA expression of TLR3 and TLR4 was significantly increased in DLPFC of depressed suicide victims and in depressed non-suicide subjects, compared with controls. However, the protein expression of TLR3 and TLR4 was significantly increased in depressed suicide victims, but not in depressed non-suicide subjects compared with controls. The observed abnormalities of proinflammatory cytokines in the brain of suicide victims may be related to an abnormality of TLR3 and TLR4 over-expression. To our knowledge, this is the first study of TLRs in the brain of psychiatric subjects.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0022-3956 1879-1379 1879-1379
DOI:	10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.01.021