The Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework: a global, crosscutting framework to inform research, intervention development, and policy on health-related stigmas

Stigma is a well-documented barrier to health seeking behavior, engagement in care and adherence to treatment across a range of health conditions globally. In order to halt the stigmatization process and mitigate the harmful consequences of health-related stigma (i.e. stigma associated with health c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC medicine Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 31 - 13
Main Authors: Stangl, Anne L., Earnshaw, Valerie A., Logie, Carmen H., van Brakel, Wim, C. Simbayi, Leickness, Barré, Iman, Dovidio, John F.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 15.02.2019
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Analysis
Biomedicine
Body weight
Cancer
Collection on: Stigma Research and Global Health
Correspondence
Discrimination
disease
Epilepsy
Female
Gender
health conditions
Health policy
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Influence
Innovations
Intervention
Leprosy
Lung cancer
Male
Medical screening
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental disorders
Mental health
multi-level
Obesity
Occupational safety and health
Overweight
Patient compliance
Prejudice
Public health
Quality of life
Sex discrimination
Sexual behavior
Sexual orientation
Sexually transmitted diseases
Social networks
Social Stigma
STD
Stigma
Stigma (Social psychology)
Systematic review
theoretical framework
Weight control
Womens health
multi-level
disease
Stigma
theoretical framework
conceptual model
discrimination
health conditions
ISSN:1741-7015, 1741-7015
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Stigma is a well-documented barrier to health seeking behavior, engagement in care and adherence to treatment across a range of health conditions globally. In order to halt the stigmatization process and mitigate the harmful consequences of health-related stigma (i.e. stigma associated with health conditions), it is critical to have an explicit theoretical framework to guide intervention development, measurement, research, and policy. Existing stigma frameworks typically focus on one health condition in isolation and often concentrate on the psychological pathways occurring among individuals. This tendency has encouraged a siloed approach to research on health-related stigmas, focusing on individuals, impeding both comparisons across stigmatized conditions and research on innovations to reduce health-related stigma and improve health outcomes. We propose the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework, which is a global, crosscutting framework based on theory, research, and practice, and demonstrate its application to a range of health conditions, including leprosy, epilepsy, mental health, cancer, HIV, and obesity/overweight. We also discuss how stigma related to race, gender, sexual orientation, class, and occupation intersects with health-related stigmas, and examine how the framework can be used to enhance research, programming, and policy efforts. Research and interventions inspired by a common framework will enable the field to identify similarities and differences in stigma processes across diseases and will amplify our collective ability to respond effectively and at-scale to a major driver of poor health outcomes globally.
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ISSN:1741-7015
1741-7015
DOI:10.1186/s12916-019-1271-3