Gene redundancy and gene compensation of insulin-like peptides in the oocyte development of bean beetle

Bean beetle ( Callosobruchus maculatus ) exhibits clear phenotypic plasticity depending on population density; However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Compared to low-density individuals, high-density individuals showed a faster terminal oocyte maturity rate. Four insulin-like p...

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Published in:PloS one Vol. 19; no. 5; p. e0302992
Main Authors: Li, Yongqin, Fang, Zheng, Tan, Leitao, Wu, Qingshan, Liu, Qiuping, Wang, Yeying, Weng, Qingbei, Chen, Qianquan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 07.05.2024
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Abdomen
Animals
Beans
Beetles
Biology and Life Sciences
Cell cycle
Coleoptera - genetics
Coleoptera - metabolism
Comparative analysis
Compensation
Down-regulation
Entomology
Female
Females
Gametocytes
Gene silencing
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genetic engineering
Genomes
Health aspects
Insect Proteins - genetics
Insect Proteins - metabolism
Insulin
Insulin - genetics
Insulin - metabolism
Insulin-Like Peptides
Maturity
Medicine and Health Sciences
Molecular modelling
Morphology
Oocytes
Oocytes - growth & development
Oocytes - metabolism
Peptides
Phenotypic plasticity
Phylogenetics
Plastic properties
Plasticity
Population Density
Proteins
Redundancy
Research and Analysis Methods
RNA
RNA Interference
RNA-mediated interference
Software
Statistical analysis
Thorax
China
Japan
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Bean beetle ( Callosobruchus maculatus ) exhibits clear phenotypic plasticity depending on population density; However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Compared to low-density individuals, high-density individuals showed a faster terminal oocyte maturity rate. Four insulin-like peptide (ILP) genes were identified in the bean beetle, which had higher expression levels in the head than in the thorax and abdomen. The population density could regulate the expression levels of CmILP1-3 , CmILP2-3 , and CmILP1 as well as CmILP3 in the head, thorax, and abdomen, respectively. RNA interference results showed that each CmILP could regulate terminal oocyte maturity rate, indicating that there was functional redundancy among CmILPs . Silencing each CmILP could lead to down-regulation of some other CmILPs , however, CmILP3 was up-regulated in the abdomen after silencing CmILP1 or CmILP2 . Compared to single gene silencing, silencing CmILP3 with CmILP1 or CmILP2 at the same time led to more serious retardation in oocyte development, suggesting CmILP3 could be up-regulated to functionally compensate for the down-regulation of CmILP1 and CmILP2 . In conclusion, population density-dependent plasticity in terminal oocyte maturity rate of bean beetle was regulated by CmILPs , which exhibited gene redundancy and gene compensation.
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0302992