Development of an effective clustering algorithm for older fallers
Falls are common and often lead to serious physical and psychological consequences for older persons. The occurrence of falls are usually attributed to the interaction between multiple risk factors. The clinical evaluation of falls risks is time-consuming as a result, hence limiting its availability...
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| Vydáno v: | PloS one Ročník 17; číslo 11; s. e0277966 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
Public Library of Science
28.11.2022
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| ISSN: | 1932-6203, 1932-6203 |
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| Abstract | Falls are common and often lead to serious physical and psychological consequences for older persons. The occurrence of falls are usually attributed to the interaction between multiple risk factors. The clinical evaluation of falls risks is time-consuming as a result, hence limiting its availability. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to develop a clustering-based algorithm to determine falls risk. Data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR), comprising 1411 subjects aged ≥55 years, were utilized. The proposed algorithm was developed through the stages of: data pre-processing, feature identification and extraction with either t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE) or principal component analysis (PCA)), clustering (K-means clustering, Hierarchical clustering, and Fuzzy C-means clustering) and characteristics interpretation with statistical analysis. A total of 1279 subjects and 9 variables were selected for clustering after the data pre-possessing stage. Using feature extraction with the t-SNE and the K-means clustering algorithm, subjects were clustered into low, intermediate A, intermediate B and high fall risk groups which corresponded with fall occurrence of 13%, 19%, 21% and 31% respectively. Slower gait, poorer balance, weaker muscle strength, presence of cardiovascular disorder, poorer cognitive performance, and advancing age were the key variables identified. The proposed fall risk clustering algorithm grouped the subjects according to features. Such a tool could serve as a case identification or clinical decision support tool for clinical practice to enhance access to falls prevention efforts. |
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| AbstractList | Falls are common and often lead to serious physical and psychological consequences for older persons. The occurrence of falls are usually attributed to the interaction between multiple risk factors. The clinical evaluation of falls risks is time-consuming as a result, hence limiting its availability. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to develop a clustering-based algorithm to determine falls risk. Data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR), comprising 1411 subjects aged ≥55 years, were utilized. The proposed algorithm was developed through the stages of: data pre-processing, feature identification and extraction with either t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE) or principal component analysis (PCA)), clustering (K-means clustering, Hierarchical clustering, and Fuzzy C-means clustering) and characteristics interpretation with statistical analysis. A total of 1279 subjects and 9 variables were selected for clustering after the data pre-possessing stage. Using feature extraction with the t-SNE and the K-means clustering algorithm, subjects were clustered into low, intermediate A, intermediate B and high fall risk groups which corresponded with fall occurrence of 13%, 19%, 21% and 31% respectively. Slower gait, poorer balance, weaker muscle strength, presence of cardiovascular disorder, poorer cognitive performance, and advancing age were the key variables identified. The proposed fall risk clustering algorithm grouped the subjects according to features. Such a tool could serve as a case identification or clinical decision support tool for clinical practice to enhance access to falls prevention efforts. Falls are common and often lead to serious physical and psychological consequences for older persons. The occurrence of falls are usually attributed to the interaction between multiple risk factors. The clinical evaluation of falls risks is time-consuming as a result, hence limiting its availability. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to develop a clustering-based algorithm to determine falls risk. Data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR), comprising 1411 subjects aged [greater than or equal to]55 years, were utilized. The proposed algorithm was developed through the stages of: data pre-processing, feature identification and extraction with either t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE) or principal component analysis (PCA)), clustering (K-means clustering, Hierarchical clustering, and Fuzzy C-means clustering) and characteristics interpretation with statistical analysis. A total of 1279 subjects and 9 variables were selected for clustering after the data pre-possessing stage. Using feature extraction with the t-SNE and the K-means clustering algorithm, subjects were clustered into low, intermediate A, intermediate B and high fall risk groups which corresponded with fall occurrence of 13%, 19%, 21% and 31% respectively. Slower gait, poorer balance, weaker muscle strength, presence of cardiovascular disorder, poorer cognitive performance, and advancing age were the key variables identified. The proposed fall risk clustering algorithm grouped the subjects according to features. Such a tool could serve as a case identification or clinical decision support tool for clinical practice to enhance access to falls prevention efforts. Falls are common and often lead to serious physical and psychological consequences for older persons. The occurrence of falls are usually attributed to the interaction between multiple risk factors. The clinical evaluation of falls risks is time-consuming as a result, hence limiting its availability. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to develop a clustering-based algorithm to determine falls risk. Data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR), comprising 1411 subjects aged ≥55 years, were utilized. The proposed algorithm was developed through the stages of: data pre-processing, feature identification and extraction with either t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE) or principal component analysis (PCA)), clustering (K-means clustering, Hierarchical clustering, and Fuzzy C-means clustering) and characteristics interpretation with statistical analysis. A total of 1279 subjects and 9 variables were selected for clustering after the data pre-possessing stage. Using feature extraction with the t-SNE and the K-means clustering algorithm, subjects were clustered into low, intermediate A, intermediate B and high fall risk groups which corresponded with fall occurrence of 13%, 19%, 21% and 31% respectively. Slower gait, poorer balance, weaker muscle strength, presence of cardiovascular disorder, poorer cognitive performance, and advancing age were the key variables identified. The proposed fall risk clustering algorithm grouped the subjects according to features. Such a tool could serve as a case identification or clinical decision support tool for clinical practice to enhance access to falls prevention efforts.Falls are common and often lead to serious physical and psychological consequences for older persons. The occurrence of falls are usually attributed to the interaction between multiple risk factors. The clinical evaluation of falls risks is time-consuming as a result, hence limiting its availability. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to develop a clustering-based algorithm to determine falls risk. Data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR), comprising 1411 subjects aged ≥55 years, were utilized. The proposed algorithm was developed through the stages of: data pre-processing, feature identification and extraction with either t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE) or principal component analysis (PCA)), clustering (K-means clustering, Hierarchical clustering, and Fuzzy C-means clustering) and characteristics interpretation with statistical analysis. A total of 1279 subjects and 9 variables were selected for clustering after the data pre-possessing stage. Using feature extraction with the t-SNE and the K-means clustering algorithm, subjects were clustered into low, intermediate A, intermediate B and high fall risk groups which corresponded with fall occurrence of 13%, 19%, 21% and 31% respectively. Slower gait, poorer balance, weaker muscle strength, presence of cardiovascular disorder, poorer cognitive performance, and advancing age were the key variables identified. The proposed fall risk clustering algorithm grouped the subjects according to features. Such a tool could serve as a case identification or clinical decision support tool for clinical practice to enhance access to falls prevention efforts. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Tan, Maw Pin Kwan, Ban-Hoe Goh, Choon-Hian Wong, Kam Kang Ng, Siew-Cheok Chuah, Yea Dat |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4 Department Medical Sciences, Faculty of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 1 Department of Mechatronics and BioMedical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia 6 Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia Hefei University of Technology, CHINA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 6 Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia – name: 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – name: 2 Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia – name: 1 Department of Mechatronics and BioMedical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia – name: Hefei University of Technology, CHINA – name: 3 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – name: 4 Department Medical Sciences, Faculty of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Choon-Hian orcidid: 0000-0002-8914-8524 surname: Goh fullname: Goh, Choon-Hian – sequence: 2 givenname: Kam Kang surname: Wong fullname: Wong, Kam Kang – sequence: 3 givenname: Maw Pin surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Maw Pin – sequence: 4 givenname: Siew-Cheok surname: Ng fullname: Ng, Siew-Cheok – sequence: 5 givenname: Yea Dat orcidid: 0000-0002-8823-6936 surname: Chuah fullname: Chuah, Yea Dat – sequence: 6 givenname: Ban-Hoe orcidid: 0000-0001-7094-8612 surname: Kwan fullname: Kwan, Ban-Hoe |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36441703$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019579 10.1186/s12859-019-3027-7 10.1109/ICGTSPICC.2016.7955260 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.004 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm344 10.1111/coin.12377 10.1007/s41999-019-00162-8 10.1590/S1413-35552012005000041 10.1515/JISYS.2004.13.3.249 10.1007/978-3-642-30157-5_45 10.1109/ICCSA.2019.000-1 10.1080/09638280410001704304 10.1016/j.jamda.2012.03.009 10.23915/distill.00002 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2005.04.003 10.17700/jai.2015.6.3.196 10.1093/ptj/80.9.896 10.1016/S0895-4356(01)00349-3 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00580.x 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52366.x 10.1007/s40471-019-00211-7 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04061.x 10.1186/s12877-018-0779-2 10.1136/ip.2004.005835 |
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| Copyright | Copyright: © 2022 Goh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science 2022 Goh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2022 Goh et al 2022 Goh et al |
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| Title | Development of an effective clustering algorithm for older fallers |
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