A large ongoing outbreak of hepatitis A predominantly affecting young males in Lazio, Italy; August 2016 - March 2017

The hepatitis A virus (HAV) is mainly transmitted through the faecal-oral route. In industrialized countries HAV infection generally occurs as either sporadic cases in travelers from endemic areas, local outbreak within closed/semi-closed population and as foodborne community outbreak. Recently, an...

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Vydáno v:PloS one Ročník 12; číslo 11; s. e0185428
Hlavní autoři: Lanini, Simone, Minosse, Claudia, Vairo, Francesco, Garbuglia, Annarosa, Di Bari, Virginia, Agresta, Alessandro, Rezza, Giovanni, Puro, Vincenzo, Pendenza, Alessio, Loffredo, Maria Rosaria, Scognamiglio, Paola, Zumla, Alimuddin, Panella, Vincenzo, Ippolito, Giuseppe, Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States Public Library of Science 10.11.2017
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:
Biology and life sciences
Clusters
Computer and Information Sciences
Development and progression
Disease prevention
Disease transmission
Distribution
Epidemiology
Health risks
Hepatitis
Hepatitis A
Infections
Infectious diseases
Males
Marginalized groups
Medicine and health sciences
Outbreaks
People and Places
Public health
Risk factors
Risk groups
Surveillance
Vaccination
Vaccines
Viruses
Italy
Netherlands
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Shrnutí:The hepatitis A virus (HAV) is mainly transmitted through the faecal-oral route. In industrialized countries HAV infection generally occurs as either sporadic cases in travelers from endemic areas, local outbreak within closed/semi-closed population and as foodborne community outbreak. Recently, an increasing number of HAV infection clusters have been reported among young men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM). The Lazio Regional Service for the epidemiology and control for infectious diseases (SeRESMI) has noticed an increase of acute hepatitis A (AHA) since September 2016. Temporal analysis carried out with a discrete Poisson model using surveillance data between January 2016 and March 2017 evidenced an ongoing outbreak of AHA that started at the end of August. Molecular investigation carried out on 130 out of 513 cases AHA reported until March 2017 suggests that this outbreak is mainly supported by an HAV variant which is currently spreading within MSM communities across Europe (VRD_521_2016). The report confirms that AHA is an emerging issue among MSM. In addition through the integration of standard (case based) surveillance with molecular investigation we could discriminate, temporally concomitant but epidemiologically unrelated, clusters due to different HAV variants. As suggested by the WHO, in countries with low HAV circulation, vaccination programmes should be tailored on the local epidemiological patterns to prevent outbreaks among high risk groups and eventual spillover of the infection in the general population.
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Membership of Gruppo Laziale Sorveglianza Epatiti Virali (GLaSEV) is provided in the Acknowledgments.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0185428