Prognostic Relevance of Pretherapeutic Gamma-Glutamyltransferase in Patients with Primary Metastatic Breast Cancer

Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-ther...

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Vydáno v:	PloS one Ročník 10; číslo 4; s. e0125317
Hlavní autoři:	Staudigl, Christine, Concin, Nicole, Grimm, Christoph, Pfeiler, Georg, Nehoda, Regina, Singer, Christian F., Polterauer, Stephan
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States Public Library of Science 27.04.2015 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:	Aged Analysis Apoptosis Biomarkers - blood Breast cancer Breast Neoplasms - pathology Cancer Cancer metastasis Cancer patients Care and treatment Chemoresistance Chemotherapy Detoxification Development and progression Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ErbB-2 protein Female gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood Health aspects Histology Humans Medical diagnosis Medical prognosis Metastases Middle Aged Patients Prognosis Retrospective Studies Risk Survival Survival Analysis Tumors γ-Glutamyltransferase
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Abstract	Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and ≥ 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed. Patients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers. Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC.
AbstractList	Background Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). Methods In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and [greater than or equal to] 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed. Findings Patients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers. Conclusion Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC. Background Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). Methods In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and ≥ 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed. Findings Patients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers. Conclusion Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC. Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and [greater than or equal to] 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed. Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC. Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC).BACKGROUNDGamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC).In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and ≥ 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed.METHODSIn this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and ≥ 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed.Patients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers.FINDINGSPatients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers.Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC.CONCLUSIONPre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC. Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and ≥ 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed. Patients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers. Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC. Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC).In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and ≥ 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed.Patients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers.Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC. Background Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast cancer incidence, tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance was shown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pre-therapeutic GGT levels, clinical-pathological parameters and survival in patients with primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC). Methods In this multicenter analysis, pre-therapeutic GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters of 114 patients diagnosed with PMBC between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. The association between GGT levels and clinical-pathological parameters were analysed. Patients were stratified into four GGT risk-groups (GGT < 18.00 U/L: normal low, 18.00 to 35.99 U/L: normal high, 36.00 to 71.99 U/L: elevated and ≥ 72.00 U/L: highly elevated) and survival analyses were performed. Findings Patients in the high risk GGT group had a poorer overall survival, when compared to the low risk group with five-year overall survival rates of 39.5% and 53.7% (p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with larger breast tumors had a trend towards higher GGT levels (p = 0.053). Pre-therapeutic GGT levels were not associated with indicators of aggressive tumor biology such as HER2-status, triple negative histology, or poorly differentiated cancers. Conclusion Pre-therapeutic GGT serum level might serve as a novel prognostic factor for overall-survival in patients with PMBC.
Audience	Academic
Author	Staudigl, Christine Grimm, Christoph Nehoda, Regina Pfeiler, Georg Concin, Nicole Singer, Christian F. Polterauer, Stephan
AuthorAffiliation	2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria Wayne State University School of Medicine, UNITED STATES 1 Department of General Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 1 Department of General Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria – name: 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria – name: Wayne State University School of Medicine, UNITED STATES
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Christine surname: Staudigl fullname: Staudigl, Christine – sequence: 2 givenname: Nicole surname: Concin fullname: Concin, Nicole – sequence: 3 givenname: Christoph surname: Grimm fullname: Grimm, Christoph – sequence: 4 givenname: Georg surname: Pfeiler fullname: Pfeiler, Georg – sequence: 5 givenname: Regina surname: Nehoda fullname: Nehoda, Regina – sequence: 6 givenname: Christian F. surname: Singer fullname: Singer, Christian F. – sequence: 7 givenname: Stephan surname: Polterauer fullname: Polterauer, Stephan
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915044$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: SP CG CFS. Performed the experiments: SP CG CS GP. Analyzed the data: SP CG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CS NC RN CFS GP. Wrote the paper: CS SP. Data Collection: CS NC RN. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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Snippet	Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and breast... Background Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and... Background Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known marker for apoptotic balance and cell detoxification. Recently, an association of baseline GGT levels and...
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SubjectTerms	Aged Analysis Apoptosis Biomarkers - blood Breast cancer Breast Neoplasms - pathology Cancer Cancer metastasis Cancer patients Care and treatment Chemoresistance Chemotherapy Detoxification Development and progression Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ErbB-2 protein Female gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood Health aspects Histology Humans Medical diagnosis Medical prognosis Metastases Middle Aged Patients Prognosis Retrospective Studies Risk Survival Survival Analysis Tumors γ-Glutamyltransferase
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Title	Prognostic Relevance of Pretherapeutic Gamma-Glutamyltransferase in Patients with Primary Metastatic Breast Cancer
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