Air pollution influences the incidence of otitis media in children: A national population-based study

Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the asso...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one Vol. 13; no. 6; p. e0199296
Main Authors: Park, Mina, Han, Jiyeon, Jang, Myoung-jin, Suh, Myung-Whan, Lee, Jun Ho, Oh, Seung Ha, Park, Moo Kyun
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 28.06.2018
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM. We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region. We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
AbstractList Background Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children’s visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM. Methods We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region. Results We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. Conclusion These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM. We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region. We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM. We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM.sub.10, particulates [less than or equal to]10 [mu]m in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO.sub.2 ), ozone (O.sub.3 ), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region. We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM.sub.10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO.sub.2 and O.sub.3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
Background Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children’s visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM. Methods We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region. Results We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. Conclusion These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
Background Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM. Methods We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM.sub.10, particulates [less than or equal to]10 [mu]m in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO.sub.2 ), ozone (O.sub.3 ), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region. Results We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM.sub.10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO.sub.2 and O.sub.3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. Conclusion These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM.BACKGROUNDOtitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM.We identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region.METHODSWe identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region.We based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively.RESULTSWe based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively.These findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.CONCLUSIONThese findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
BackgroundOtitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic burdens but also influences hearing, speech, and education. To our knowledge, no nationwide population-based study has assessed the association between air pollution and OM. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between air pollution levels and the incidence of OM.MethodsWe identified cases of OM that occurred in South Korea between January 2011 and December 2012 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, and evaluated its relationship with five air pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, particulates ≤10 μm in diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Associations between the weekly incidence of OM and the five air pollutants were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 99.9% Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals after adjusting for gender, age, season, and region.ResultsWe based our analysis on 160,875 hospital visits for OM by children aged <15 years. Correlations with higher concentrations of the five pollutants showed higher ORs than did the reference values at most time lags. PM10 had the largest influence on the OM incidence at a time lag of 0 weeks, whereas NO2 and O3 had the largest impacts on OM incidence at time lags of 1 and 4 weeks, respectively.ConclusionThese findings support the notion that the incidence of OM is associated with ambient air pollution.
Audience Academic
Author Park, Mina
Jang, Myoung-jin
Suh, Myung-Whan
Lee, Jun Ho
Oh, Seung Ha
Park, Moo Kyun
Han, Jiyeon
AuthorAffiliation 2 Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
4 Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, AUSTRALIA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
– name: 4 Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
– name: Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, AUSTRALIA
– name: 3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
– name: 2 Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Mina
  surname: Park
  fullname: Park, Mina
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jiyeon
  surname: Han
  fullname: Han, Jiyeon
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Myoung-jin
  surname: Jang
  fullname: Jang, Myoung-jin
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Myung-Whan
  surname: Suh
  fullname: Suh, Myung-Whan
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Jun Ho
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Jun Ho
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Seung Ha
  surname: Oh
  fullname: Oh, Seung Ha
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Moo Kyun
  surname: Park
  fullname: Park, Moo Kyun
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29953484$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNk9uK2zAQhk3Z0j20b1BaQ2FpL5JKlmPJe1EISw-BhYWeboUsjRIFxUoluey-feXEKfGylOILe0bf_JJ-z5xnJ61rIcteYjTFhOL3a9f5VtjpNqWnCNd1UVdPsjNck2JSFYicHH2fZuchrBGaEVZVz7LToq5npGTlWQZz4_Ots7aLxrW5abXtoJUQ8riCFEqj-jB3OnfRRBPyDSgj0kouV8YqD-1VPs9b0ZcLm6S2nd0Fk0YEUHmInbp_nj3VwgZ4Mbwvsh-fPn6__jK5uf28uJ7fTGRVF3HSSCgbXaKaMECCYsUUaKi0mjVCUwwCCUVroSQ0TUERkw2VpSQNQwxR3AC5yF7vdbfWBT44FHiBKkxYWTKaiMWeUE6s-dabjfD33AnDdwnnl1z4aKQFTlSNkncVQlSXklWi1JhB1WimgQjaa30Yduua5IqENnphR6Ljldas-NL95hUqSIF6gbeDgHe_OgiRb0yQYK1owXW7cxesYAyhhL55gD5-u4FainSB9DNd2lf2onw-KynrrSWJmj5CpUfBxsjUTtqk_Kjg3aggMRHu4lJ0IfDFt6__z97-HLOXR-wKhI2r4PatGMbgq2On_1p86OMEXO0B6V0IHjSXJu7aMF3NWI4R74fmYBrvh4YPQ5OKywfFB_1_lv0BU5kc5Q
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_021_13105_3
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2023_1195660
crossref_primary_10_1097_INF_0000000000002430
crossref_primary_10_1111_1462_2920_16076
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envres_2025_121137
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_62846_7
crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2025_101692
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_024_18962_4
crossref_primary_10_1007_s41742_022_00420_x
crossref_primary_10_3389_fgene_2020_00323
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2023_107272
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijporl_2024_111929
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_99247_3
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph17124604
Cites_doi 10.1097/00001648-200207000-00006
10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.10.011
10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00068-6
10.1371/journal.pone.0117929
10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.12.003
10.3109/00016488709102834
10.1007/BF00186227
10.1289/ehp.0901675
10.1542/peds.105.6.e72
10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09050706
10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.11.100
10.1056/NEJM199901283400402
10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.01.020
10.5124/jkma.2013.56.1.62
10.1177/000348948909800616
10.1289/ehp.9089
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.03.005
10.1542/peds.103.6.1158
10.1007/s11882-004-0075-4
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.079
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.163
10.1111/jnu.12195
10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181fdb60f
10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.006
10.3961/jpmph.16.038
10.1007/s00484-017-1356-7
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science
2018 Park et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2018 Park et al 2018 Park et al
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science
– notice: 2018 Park et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2018 Park et al 2018 Park et al
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
IOV
ISR
3V.
7QG
7QL
7QO
7RV
7SN
7SS
7T5
7TG
7TM
7U9
7X2
7X7
7XB
88E
8AO
8C1
8FD
8FE
8FG
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABJCF
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
ARAPS
ATCPS
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BGLVJ
BHPHI
C1K
CCPQU
D1I
DWQXO
FR3
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
H94
HCIFZ
K9.
KB.
KB0
KL.
L6V
LK8
M0K
M0S
M1P
M7N
M7P
M7S
NAPCQ
P5Z
P62
P64
PATMY
PDBOC
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PTHSS
PYCSY
RC3
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0199296
DatabaseName CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints
Gale In Context: Science
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Animal Behavior Abstracts
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Biotechnology Research Abstracts
Nursing & Allied Health Database
Ecology Abstracts
Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)
Immunology Abstracts
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
Nucleic Acids Abstracts
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
Agricultural Science Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
Public Health Database
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Advanced Technologies & Computer Science Collection
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Technology collection
Natural Science Collection
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Materials Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Engineering Research Database
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Materials Science Database
Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Biological Sciences
Agricultural Science Database
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
PML(ProQuest Medical Library)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Biological Science Database
Engineering Database
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Environmental Science Database
Materials Science Collection
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest Publicly Available Content
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
Engineering Collection
Environmental Science Collection
Genetics Abstracts
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Open Access Full Text
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
Agricultural Science Database
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
Nucleic Acids Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Central China
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
Health Research Premium Collection
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
Natural Science Collection
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
Engineering Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Engineering Database
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Agricultural Science Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
Ecology Abstracts
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Environmental Science Collection
Entomology Abstracts
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Environmental Science Database
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni)
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Technology Collection
Technology Research Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
Materials Science Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Genetics Abstracts
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Biotechnology Research Abstracts
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
Materials Science Database
ProQuest Materials Science Collection
ProQuest Public Health
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Medical Library
Animal Behavior Abstracts
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
Immunology Abstracts
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList Agricultural Science Database
MEDLINE




MEDLINE - Academic



Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: Publicly Available Content Database
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Sciences (General)
DocumentTitleAlternate Association between air pollution and otitis media
EISSN 1932-6203
ExternalDocumentID 2061384487
oai_doaj_org_article_3d902036007f4c86a4f18e6bf8fe3a77
PMC6023207
A547840933
29953484
10_1371_journal_pone_0199296
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
GeographicLocations South Korea
Germany
GeographicLocations_xml – name: South Korea
– name: Germany
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: ;
  grantid: 2016001360009
GroupedDBID ---
123
29O
2WC
53G
5VS
7RV
7X2
7X7
7XC
88E
8AO
8C1
8CJ
8FE
8FG
8FH
8FI
8FJ
A8Z
AAFWJ
AAUCC
AAWOE
AAYXX
ABDBF
ABIVO
ABJCF
ABUWG
ACCTH
ACGFO
ACIHN
ACIWK
ACPRK
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADRAZ
AEAQA
AENEX
AEUYN
AFFHD
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFRAH
AHMBA
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
APEBS
ARAPS
ATCPS
BAIFH
BAWUL
BBNVY
BBTPI
BCNDV
BENPR
BGLVJ
BHPHI
BKEYQ
BPHCQ
BVXVI
BWKFM
CCPQU
CITATION
CS3
D1I
D1J
D1K
DIK
DU5
E3Z
EAP
EAS
EBD
EMOBN
ESX
EX3
F5P
FPL
FYUFA
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HH5
HMCUK
HYE
IAO
IEA
IGS
IHR
IHW
INH
INR
IOV
IPY
ISE
ISR
ITC
K6-
KB.
KQ8
L6V
LK5
LK8
M0K
M1P
M48
M7P
M7R
M7S
M~E
NAPCQ
O5R
O5S
OK1
OVT
P2P
P62
PATMY
PDBOC
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
PTHSS
PV9
PYCSY
RNS
RPM
RZL
SV3
TR2
UKHRP
WOQ
WOW
~02
~KM
3V.
ALIPV
BBORY
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
IPNFZ
NPM
RIG
7QG
7QL
7QO
7SN
7SS
7T5
7TG
7TM
7U9
7XB
8FD
8FK
AZQEC
C1K
DWQXO
ESTFP
FR3
GNUQQ
H94
K9.
KL.
M7N
P64
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
RC3
7X8
5PM
AAPBV
ABPTK
N95
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-bce4bf40938e0a71d8defe6fd5baf71ea0ad79adcebb2708cb7c4c3b808071be3
IEDL.DBID FPL
ISICitedReferencesCount 19
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000436645400021&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1932-6203
IngestDate Sun May 07 16:28:19 EDT 2023
Tue Oct 14 19:03:16 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 04 01:44:38 EST 2025
Sun Nov 09 13:38:24 EST 2025
Tue Oct 07 07:55:27 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 12:59:16 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 10:26:34 EST 2025
Wed Nov 26 09:47:01 EST 2025
Wed Nov 26 10:33:25 EST 2025
Thu May 22 21:22:47 EDT 2025
Wed Feb 19 02:36:20 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 04:08:35 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:13:07 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 6
Language English
License This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Creative Commons Attribution License
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c692t-bce4bf40938e0a71d8defe6fd5baf71ea0ad79adcebb2708cb7c4c3b808071be3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
OpenAccessLink http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199296
PMID 29953484
PQID 2061384487
PQPubID 1436336
PageCount e0199296
ParticipantIDs plos_journals_2061384487
doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_3d902036007f4c86a4f18e6bf8fe3a77
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6023207
proquest_miscellaneous_2062828800
proquest_journals_2061384487
gale_infotracmisc_A547840933
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A547840933
gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A547840933
gale_incontextgauss_IOV_A547840933
gale_healthsolutions_A547840933
pubmed_primary_29953484
crossref_citationtrail_10_1371_journal_pone_0199296
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0199296
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2018-06-28
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2018-06-28
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2018
  text: 2018-06-28
  day: 28
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
– name: San Francisco
– name: San Francisco, CA USA
PublicationTitle PloS one
PublicationTitleAlternate PLoS One
PublicationYear 2018
Publisher Public Library of Science
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publisher_xml – name: Public Library of Science
– name: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
References C Kim (ref28) 2010; 167
H Ribeiro (ref14) 2003; 57
N Sprem (ref13) 1993; 250
J Heinrich (ref24) 2002; 13
A Vergison (ref5) 2008; 26
T Kousha (ref25) 2016; 48
T Heikkinen (ref31) 1999; 340
M Brauer (ref9) 2006; 114
ref18
J Heinrich (ref6) 2004; 4
J Noh (ref16) 2016; 49
Y Kim (ref17) 2015; 10
JJ Song (ref32) 2012; 76
KJ. BC (ref30) 1983
SH Kang (ref15) 2016; 203
Q Deng (ref11) 2017; 157
M Gestro (ref26) 2017; 61
KA Daly (ref34) 1999; 103
MK Park (ref33) 2014; 78
J Lee (ref20) 2017; 46
ref23
ref22
WH Lee (ref27) 2016; 565
VM Freid (ref1) 1998; 137
Q Deng (ref12) 2017; 169
R Zemek (ref7) 2010; 118
H Bothner (ref21) 1987; 442
EA MacIntyre (ref8) 2011; 22
TH Rim (ref19) 2015; 122
A Minovi (ref4) 2014; 13
BC Chun (ref3) 2013; 56
Y Nakai (ref29) 1989; 98
MJ Caceres Udina (ref10) 2004; 60
J Bondy (ref2) 2000; 105
References_xml – volume: 13
  start-page: 394
  issue: 4
  year: 2002
  ident: ref24
  article-title: Improved air quality in reunified Germany and decreases in respiratory symptoms
  publication-title: Epidemiology
  doi: 10.1097/00001648-200207000-00006
– volume: 78
  start-page: 2193
  issue: 12
  year: 2014
  ident: ref33
  article-title: Middle ear inflammation of rat induced by urban particles
  publication-title: Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.10.011
– volume: 57
  start-page: 2013
  issue: 11
  year: 2003
  ident: ref14
  article-title: Air pollution and children's health in Sao Paulo (1986–1998)
  publication-title: Soc Sci Med
  doi: 10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00068-6
– ident: ref22
– volume: 60
  start-page: 133
  issue: 2
  year: 2004
  ident: ref10
  article-title: Incidence, air pollution and risk factors of acute otitis media in the first year of life: a prospective study
  publication-title: An Pediatr (Barc)
– volume: 10
  start-page: e0117929
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  ident: ref17
  article-title: Association between air pollution and suicide in South Korea: a nationwide study
  publication-title: PloS one
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117929
– volume: 76
  start-page: 334
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  ident: ref32
  article-title: Effect of diesel exhaust particles on human middle ear epithelial cells
  publication-title: Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.12.003
– volume: 442
  start-page: 25
  year: 1987
  ident: ref21
  article-title: Rheology of hyaluronate
  publication-title: Acta Otolaryngol Suppl
  doi: 10.3109/00016488709102834
– volume: 250
  start-page: 286
  issue: 5
  year: 1993
  ident: ref13
  article-title: Effect of climatic elements on the frequency of secretory otitis media
  publication-title: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
  doi: 10.1007/BF00186227
– volume: 118
  start-page: 1631
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: ref7
  article-title: Air pollution and emergency department visits for otitis media: a case-crossover study in Edmonton, Canada
  publication-title: Environ Health Perspect
  doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901675
– volume: 13
  year: 2014
  ident: ref4
  article-title: Diseases of the middle ear in childhood
  publication-title: GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg
– volume: 105
  start-page: E72
  issue: 6
  year: 2000
  ident: ref2
  article-title: Direct expenditures related to otitis media diagnoses: extrapolations from a pediatric medicaid cohort
  publication-title: Pediatrics
  doi: 10.1542/peds.105.6.e72
– volume: 167
  start-page: 1100
  issue: 9
  year: 2010
  ident: ref28
  article-title: Ambient particulate matter as a risk factor for suicide
  publication-title: Am J Psychiatry
  doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09050706
– volume: 203
  start-page: 1086
  year: 2016
  ident: ref15
  article-title: Ambient air pollution and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
  publication-title: Int J Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.11.100
– volume: 340
  start-page: 260
  issue: 4
  year: 1999
  ident: ref31
  article-title: Prevalence of various respiratory viruses in the middle ear during acute otitis media
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJM199901283400402
– volume: 122
  start-page: 1187
  issue: 6
  year: 2015
  ident: ref19
  article-title: Retinal vein occlusion and the risk of stroke development: a 9-year nationwide population-based study
  publication-title: Ophthalmology
  doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.01.020
– volume: 56
  start-page: 62
  year: 2013
  ident: ref3
  article-title: Economic burden of otitis media and a survey of physicians for its practice and claim codes in Korea
  publication-title: J Korean Med Assoc
  doi: 10.5124/jkma.2013.56.1.62
– volume: 137
  start-page: 1
  year: 1998
  ident: ref1
  article-title: Ambulatory health care visits by children: principal diagnosis and place of visit
  publication-title: Vital Health Stat
– year: 1983
  ident: ref30
  article-title: Pediatric Otolaryngology
– volume: 98
  start-page: 479
  issue: 6
  year: 1989
  ident: ref29
  article-title: Mucociliary disease of the middle ear during experimental otitis media with effusion induced by bacterial endotoxin
  publication-title: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol
  doi: 10.1177/000348948909800616
– volume: 114
  start-page: 1414
  issue: 9
  year: 2006
  ident: ref9
  article-title: Traffic-related air pollution and otitis media
  publication-title: Environ Health Perspect
  doi: 10.1289/ehp.9089
– volume: 157
  start-page: 18
  year: 2017
  ident: ref11
  article-title: Association between prenatal exposure to industrial air pollution and onset of early childhood ear infection in China
  publication-title: Atmospheric Environ
  doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.03.005
– volume: 46
  issue: 2
  year: 2017
  ident: ref20
  article-title: Cohort Profile: The National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC), South Korea
  publication-title: Int J Epidemiol
– ident: ref23
– volume: 103
  start-page: 1158
  year: 1999
  ident: ref34
  article-title: Epidemiology of otitis media onset by six months of age
  publication-title: Pediatrics
  doi: 10.1542/peds.103.6.1158
– volume: 4
  start-page: 302
  issue: 4
  year: 2004
  ident: ref6
  article-title: Air pollution and otitis media: a review of evidence from epidemiologic studies
  publication-title: Curr Allergy Asthma Rep
  doi: 10.1007/s11882-004-0075-4
– volume: 169
  start-page: 288
  year: 2017
  ident: ref12
  article-title: Association of outdoor air pollution and indoor renovation with early childhood ear infection in China
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.079
– volume: 565
  start-page: 271
  year: 2016
  ident: ref27
  article-title: Association between long-term exposure to air pollutants and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in 108 South Korean communities in 2008–2010: A cross-sectional study
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.163
– volume: 48
  start-page: 163
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  ident: ref25
  article-title: The air quality health index and emergency department visits for otitis media
  publication-title: J Nurs Scholarsh
  doi: 10.1111/jnu.12195
– volume: 22
  start-page: 81
  issue: 1
  year: 2011
  ident: ref8
  article-title: Residential air pollution and otitis media during the first two years of life
  publication-title: Epidemiology
  doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181fdb60f
– ident: ref18
– volume: 26
  start-page: G5
  issue: Suppl 7
  year: 2008
  ident: ref5
  article-title: Microbiology of otitis media: a moving target
  publication-title: Vaccine
  doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.006
– volume: 49
  start-page: 329
  issue: 5
  year: 2016
  ident: ref16
  article-title: Short-term Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Emergency Department Visits for Asthma: An Assessment of Effect Modification by Prior Allergic Disease History
  publication-title: J Prev Med Public Health
  doi: 10.3961/jpmph.16.038
– volume: 61
  start-page: 1749
  issue: 10
  year: 2017
  ident: ref26
  article-title: Meteorological factors, air pollutants, and emergency department visits for otitis media: a time series study
  publication-title: Int J Biometeorol
  doi: 10.1007/s00484-017-1356-7
SSID ssj0053866
Score 2.3672717
Snippet Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes economic...
Background Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only...
Background Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children’s visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only...
BackgroundOtitis media (OM) is a major reason for children's visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only causes...
Background Otitis media (OM) is a major reason for children’s visits to physicians and a major cause of their being treated with antibiotics. It not only...
SourceID plos
doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage e0199296
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Air pollution
Air Pollution - adverse effects
Airborne particulates
Antibiotics
Carbon monoxide
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Confidence intervals
Ear diseases
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Engineering and Technology
Epidemiology
Female
Health aspects
Humans
Identification methods
Incidence
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Mathematical models
Medical personnel
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Nitrogen dioxide
Odds Ratio
Otitis media
Otitis Media - epidemiology
Otitis Media - etiology
Otolaryngology
Outdoor air quality
Ozone
Particulate emissions
Particulate matter
Particulate Matter - adverse effects
Particulates
People and Places
Physical Sciences
Physicians
Pollutants
Pollution
Pollution levels
Population studies
Population Surveillance
Population-based studies
Regression analysis
Risk factors
Sex Factors
Statistical analysis
Sulfur
Sulfur dioxide
Time lag
Young Adult
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Open Access Full Text
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELbQigMXRMujgS0YhAQc0uZpO9wWRAUSKohH1ZvlZ1mpyq42XX4_M44TbVClcuCamUTxPOyZZOYbQl4WtXdG5ybVlvkUh22nwjVNqjiE17W2vArt0Wef-empOD9vvu6M-sKasB4euBfccWmb8LMMzjJfGcFU5XPhmPbCu1Lx0EcOUc-QTPV7MHgxY7FRruT5cdTL0XrVuqMMKy4RpH_nIAp4_eOuPFtfrrrrQs6_Kyd3jqKTe-RujCHpon_3PXLLtftkL3ppR19HKOk394lbLDd0jdOMUf50OUwk6SjEfRQ_s4eRonTlKdbkLTsaOkmAQocu77d0QYcvhvCoYdxXisefpQGd9gH5efLhx_uPaRyskBrWFFepNq7SHjK7UrhM8dwK67xj3tZaeZ47lSnLGwWr1LrgmTCam8qUGjEoea5d-ZDMWhDlAaHCqEplNfZulVVtfQMBgWfMKpsxVXufkHKQsjQRdRyHX1zK8CuNQ_bRC02ibmTUTULS8a51j7pxA_87VODIi5jZ4QJYkoyWJG-ypIQ8Q_XLvgF19Hy5QMgzFFaZkBeBA3EzWizMuVDbrpOfvpz9A9P3bxOmV5HJr0AcRsVmCFgT4nFNOOcTTvB-MyEfoLEOUulkgQGagKQb1jMfDPh68vORjA_FYrvWrbaBBxNxSCUS8qi391GyEL3UZSWqhPCJJ0xEP6W0y18BtpxBeFhk_PH_0NUTcgciV4E1e4WYk9nVZusOyW3zGzxl8zTsBX8A_oNmqA
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: Biological Science Database
  dbid: M7P
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwELZg4cAFKK8GChiEBBxSkjixHS5oQVQgoVLxqHqL_CwrVcmy6fL7mfE6oUEVIHFdT6LNvDxjz3xDyJOi8s7o3KTacp_isO1UurpOlYDwutJWlKE9-vCD2N-XR0f1QTxw62NZ5eATg6O2ncEzckjSYeORkEyIV8vvKU6NwtvVOELjIrmEKAkslO4dDJ4YbJnz2C7HRP4iSmd32bVuN8O6S4TqP7MdBdT-0TfPliddf17g-Xv95JkNae_a_37KdXI1hqJ0vtGdLXLBtTfIVjT2nj6LiNTPbxI3X6zoEocioxjpYhhs0lMIHyme1ofJpLTzFEv7Fj0NDSmwQodm8Zd0ToeDR3jVMDUsxV3U0gBye4t83Xv75c27NM5nSA2vi9NUG1dqDwkiky5TIrfSOu-4t5VWXuROZcqKWgGbtC5EJo0WpjRMI5SlyLVjt8msBVlsEyqNKlVWYQsYKyvra4grPOdW2YyryvuEsEFMjYng5ThD46QJN3ICkpgN0xoUbhOFm5B0fGq5Ae_4C_1r1ICRFqG3ww_d6riJltwwW4fbWwiufGkkV6XPpePaS--YEiIhD1F_mk0f6-hAmjkipyGzWEIeBwqE32ixvudYrfu-ef_x8B-IPn-aED2NRL4DdhgVeyrgmxDWa0K5M6EEJ2Imy9uo7QNX-uaXjsKTgxafv_xoXMaXYs1e67p1oMF8HjKShNzZGMzIWQiCKlbKMiFiYkoT1k9X2sW3gH7OIcosMnH3z3_rHrkCoa3Eor5C7pDZ6Wrt7pPL5gfYwOpBcBM_AbtWdP4
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Air pollution influences the incidence of otitis media in children: A national population-based study
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29953484
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2061384487
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2062828800
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6023207
https://doaj.org/article/3d902036007f4c86a4f18e6bf8fe3a77
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199296
Volume 13
WOSCitedRecordID wos000436645400021&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20060101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20060101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: P5Z
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/hightechjournals
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Agricultural Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: M0K
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/agriculturejournals
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Biological Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: M7P
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/biologicalscijournals
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Engineering Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: M7S
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Environmental Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: PATMY
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/environmentalscience
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Materials Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: KB.
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/materialsscijournals
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Nursing & Allied Health Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: 7RV
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/nahs
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Public Health Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: 8C1
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/publichealth
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20061201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVATS
  databaseName: Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1932-6203
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0053866
  issn: 1932-6203
  databaseCode: FPL
  dateStart: 20060101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://www.plos.org/publications/
  providerName: Public Library of Science
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3db9MwELdYxwMvwPhaoBSDkICHlHzaDm_ttIlpW4k6qAovkePYUGlKq2bl7-fOTQKZNgEv9xCfrfj8dWff_Y6Q10FstMp95eYFMy4m23aFThJXclCv47zgkQ2Pnp3yyUTM50n621C88oIfcv99LdPhalnqoYfekgnbIbtByBi6cB2lp83OC2uXsTo87qaanePHovS3e3FvdbGsrlM0r_pL_nEAHd3731-_T-7WqiYdbefGHrmlywdkr17MFX1bI06_e0j0aLGmK0x6jMNEF03ikoqCekjxNt5mHqVLQ9F1b1FRG3ACJbQJBv9AR7S5WISmmqxgLp6SBbUgto_Il6PDzwcf3Tr_gqtYEly6udJRbsAADIX2JPcLUWijmSniXBrua-nJgicSxJLnAfeEyrmKVJgjVCX3cx0-Jr0Sur5PqFAykl6MIV5hFBcmAb3BMFbIwmMyNsYhYTMsmarByTFHxkVmX9w4GClboWUoy6yWpUPcttZqC87xF_4xjnjLi9Da9gMMWlav1CwsEvs6C8qTiZRgMjK-0Cw3wuhQcu6QFzhfsm2cartBZCNERkNhhQ55ZTkQXqNE_53vclNV2fGn2T8wnU87TG9qJrMEcShZx0xAnxC2q8PZ73DCJqE6xfs4uxupVFmAepwA2xz6029m_PXFL9tibBR98kq93FgetNfB4nDIk-0CaSULSk4cRiJyCO8snY7ouyXl4odFN2egRQYef3rzHz8jd0BtFeiwF4g-6V2uN_o5ua1-wvxfD8gOn86QzrmlAqg48Adkd3w4SacDe-sysBsH0JPxEOiZd4KUp5aeA03jb1AjPT5Lv_4CZ6Vv8w
linkProvider Public Library of Science
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9RADB6VBQkuQHk1UOiAQMAhJe-ZICG0PKquuiyoLavewmQeZaUqWTZdEH-K34g9edCgCrj0wHXtjDaO7bFnbH-EPAxio2XuSzdXiXERbNvlOk1dwSC8jnPFItsePR2zyYQfHKQfVsiPthcGyypbn2gdtSolnpFDkg4bD4dkgr2cf3ERNQpvV1sIjVotdvT3b5CyVS9Gb-D7PgqCrbf7r7fdBlXAlUkaHLu51FFuIK0JufYE8xVX2ujEqDgXhvlaeEKxVCip8zxgHpc5k5EMcxzAyPxch7DuOXIe_LiPJWRsd9p6fvAdSdK054XMf9Zow-a8LPSmh3WeCA1wYvuzKAHdXjCYH5XVaYHu7_WaJzbArSv_m-iukstNqE2HtW2skhVdXCOrjTOr6JNm4vbT60QPZws6R9BnVFM6a4FbKgrhMcXbCIu8SktDsXRxVlHbcAMU2jbDP6dD2h6swlItKpqLUYKidojvDfLxTF73JhkU8O3XCOVSRMKLscUtjGJlUoibTJIoobxExMY4JGzVIpPNcHbECDnK7I0jgyStFlqGypQ1yuQQt3tqXg8n-Qv_K9S4jhdHi9sfysVh1niqLFSpvZ2G4NFEkiciMj7XSW640aFgzCEbqK9Z3afbOchsiJPhUFihQx5YDhwvUmD90qFYVlU2ej_9B6a93R7T44bJlCAOKZqeEXgnHFvW41zvcYKTlD3yGlpXK5Uq-2UT8GRrNaeT73dkXBRrEgtdLi0PnldAxuWQW7WBdpKFIC8OIx45hPVMtyf6PqWYfbbT3ROIogOP3f7z39ogF7f3342z8Wiyc4dcgjCeYwFjwNfJ4Hix1HfJBfkV7GFxz7ooSj6dtWH_BEmC10Q
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9RADB6VBSEuQHk1UOiAQMAhbd4zQUJoaalYtVoqClVvYTKPslKVLJsuiL_Gr8OenYQGVcClB65rZ7RxbI89Y_sj5HGUGi3LUPqlyoyPYNs-13nuCwbhdVoqltj26INdNh7zw8N8b4n8aHthsKyy9YnWUata4hk5JOmw8XBIJtiGcWURe1vbr6ZffESQwpvWFk5joSI7-vs3SN-al6Mt-NZPomj7zYfNt75DGPBllkcnfil1UhpIcWKuA8FCxZU2OjMqLYVhoRaBUCwXSuqyjFjAZclkIuMShzGysNQxrHuBXGQxaDF2qW925SXgR7LMterFLNxwmrE-rSu9HmDNJ8IEnNoKLWJAty8Mpsd1c1bQ-3vt5qnNcPva_yzG6-SqC8HpcGEzy2RJVzfIsnNyDX3mJnE_v0n0cDKjUwSDRvWlkxbQpaEQNlO8pbCIrLQ2FEsaJw21jThAoW2T_As6pO2BKyzVoqX5GD0oaof73iIfz-V1b5NBBXqwQiiXIhFBiq1vcZIqk0M8ZbJMCRVkIjXGI3GrIoV0Q9sRO-S4sDeRDJK3hdAKVKzCKZZH_O6p6WJoyV_4X6P2dbw4ctz-UM-OCufBiljl9tYagkqTSJ6JxIRcZ6XhRseCMY-soe4Wi_7dznEWQ5wYh8KKPfLIcuDYkQo170jMm6YYvTv4B6b99z2mp47J1CAOKVwvCbwTjjPrca72OMF5yh55BS2tlUpT_LIPeLK1oLPJDzsyLoq1ipWu55YHzzEgE_PInYWxdpKF4C-NE554hPXMuCf6PqWafLZT3zOIrqOA3f3z31ojl8Gei93ReOceuQLRPce6xoivksHJbK7vk0vyK5jD7IH1VpR8Om-7_gnxbt-f
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+influences+the+incidence+of+otitis+media+in+children%3A+A+national+population-based+study&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.au=Park%2C+Mina&rft.au=Han%2C+Jiyeon&rft.au=Jang%2C+Myoung-jin&rft.au=Suh%2C+Myung-Whan&rft.date=2018-06-28&rft.pub=Public+Library+of+Science&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e0199296&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0199296&rft.externalDBID=IOV&rft.externalDocID=A547840933
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1932-6203&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1932-6203&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1932-6203&client=summon