A multiplex PCR mini-barcode assay to identify processed shark products in the global trade

Protecting sharks from overexploitation has become global priority after widespread population declines have occurred. Tracking catches and trade on a species-specific basis has proven challenging, in part due to difficulties in identifying processed shark products such as fins, meat, and liver oil....

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Vydáno v:	PloS one Ročník 12; číslo 10; s. e0185368
Hlavní autoři:	Cardeñosa, Diego, Fields, Andrew, Abercrombie, Debra, Feldheim, Kevin, Shea, Stanley K. H., Chapman, Demian D.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States Public Library of Science 11.10.2017 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:	Animal Fins - physiology Animals Assaying Atmospheric sciences Bioassay Biological products Biology and Life Sciences Carcharhinus Carcharhinus falciformis Carcharhinus longimanus Carcharodon carcharias China Chondrichthyes CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) Commerce Commercial fishing Cytochrome Cytochrome oxidase I Data collection Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA - genetics DNA barcoding DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic - methods DNA sequencing Ecology and Environmental Sciences Endangered & extinct species Endangered species Fins Fish Fisheries management Fishing Fragments Gene sequencing Identification Innovations International trade Internationality Law enforcement Liver Meat Medicine and Health Sciences Multiplexing Museums Overexploitation Oxidase Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Polymerase chain reaction Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods Population decline Protected species Regulations Research and Analysis Methods Sharks Sharks - genetics Skin Species Specificity Sustainable use Testing Wildlife conservation New York United States > US
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Protecting sharks from overexploitation has become global priority after widespread population declines have occurred. Tracking catches and trade on a species-specific basis has proven challenging, in part due to difficulties in identifying processed shark products such as fins, meat, and liver oil. This has hindered efforts to implement regulations aimed at promoting sustainable use of commercially important species and protection of imperiled species. Genetic approaches to identify shark products exist but are typically based on sequencing or amplifying large DNA regions and may fail to work on heavily processed products in which DNA is degraded. Here, we describe a novel multiplex PCR mini-barcode assay based on two short fragments of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. This assay can identify to species all sharks currently listed on the Convention of International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES) and most shark species present in the international trade. It achieves species diagnosis based on a single PCR and one to two downstream DNA sequencing reactions. The assay is capable of identifying highly processed shark products including fins, cooked shark fin soup, and skin-care products containing liver oil. This is a straightforward and reliable identification method for data collection and enforcement of regulations implemented for certain species at all governance levels.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0185368