Exogenous putrescine attenuates the negative impact of drought stress by modulating physio-biochemical traits and gene expression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by many metabolic pathways and genes and identifying a solution to increase the resilience of plants to drought stress is one of the grand challenges in plant biology. This study provided compelling evidence of increased drought stress tolerance in two...

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Published in:	PloS one Vol. 17; no. 1; p. e0262099
Main Authors:	Islam, Md Jahirul, Uddin, Md Jalal, Hossain, Mohammad Anwar, Henry, Robert, Begum, Mst. Kohinoor, Sohel, Md. Abu Taher, Mou, Masuma Akter, Ahn, Juhee, Cheong, Eun Ju, Lim, Young-Seok
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 07.01.2022 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Accumulation Agricultural production Analysis Antioxidants Antioxidants - pharmacology Ascorbic acid Beta vulgaris Beta vulgaris - drug effects Beta vulgaris - genetics Beta vulgaris - metabolism Biochemistry Biology and Life Sciences Carbohydrates Clustering Drought Drought resistance Droughts Dry matter Ecology and Environmental Sciences Environmental impact Enzymatic activity Enzymes Gas exchange Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects Genotypes Growth rate Homeostasis Hydrogen Hydrogen peroxide Influence Malondialdehyde Metabolic pathways Moisture content Oxidative Stress Oxygen Photosynthesis Photosynthetic pigments Physical Sciences Physiology Pigmentation Pigments Plant growth Plant physiology Plant Proteins - genetics Plant Proteins - metabolism Plant Shoots - drug effects Plant Shoots - genetics Plant Shoots - metabolism Principal components analysis Proline Putrescine Putrescine - pharmacology Reactive oxygen species Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Seedlings Seeds South Korea Stress, Physiological Sugar Sugar beets Water content South Korea Norway Bangladesh
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Summary:	Drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by many metabolic pathways and genes and identifying a solution to increase the resilience of plants to drought stress is one of the grand challenges in plant biology. This study provided compelling evidence of increased drought stress tolerance in two sugar beet genotypes when treated with exogenous putrescine (Put) at the seedling stage. Morpho-physiological and biochemical traits and gene expression were assessed in thirty-day-old sugar beet seedlings subjected to drought stress with or without Put (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mM) application. Sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress exhibited a significant decline in growth and development as evidenced by root and shoot growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, and gene expression. Drought stress resulted in a sharp increase in hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) (89.4 and 118% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35.6 and 27.1% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively). These changes were strongly linked to growth retardation as evidenced by principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap clustering. Importantly, Put-sprayed plants suffered from less oxidative stress as indicated by lower H 2 O 2 and MDA accumulation. They better regulated the physiological processes supporting growth, dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigmentation and gas exchange, relative water content; modulated biochemical changes including proline, total soluble carbohydrate, total soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid; and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and gene expression. PCA results strongly suggested that Put conferred drought tolerance mostly by enhancing antioxidant enzymes activities that regulated homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. These findings collectively provide an important illustration of the use of Put in modulating drought tolerance in sugar beet plants.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0262099