Parent-Reported Otorrhea in Children with Tympanostomy Tubes: Incidence and Predictors

Although common in children with tympanostomy tubes, the current incidence of tympanostomy tube otorrhea (TTO) is uncertain. TTO is generally a sign of otitis media, when middle ear fluid drains through the tube. Predictors for otitis media are therefore suggested to have predictive value for the oc...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one Jg. 8; H. 7; S. e69062
Hauptverfasser: van Dongen, Thijs M. A., van der Heijden, Geert J. M. G., Freling, Hanneke G., Venekamp, Roderick P., Schilder, Anne G. M.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States Public Library of Science 12.07.2013
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Schlagworte:
Age
Analysis
Child
Children
Children & youth
Drains
Ear
Ear diseases
Eardrum
Epidemiology
Female
Health sciences
Humans
Immunization
Incidence
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Male
Medicine
Middle ear
Middle Ear Ventilation - adverse effects
Multivariate Analysis
Netherlands - epidemiology
Otitis media
Otitis Media with Effusion - epidemiology
Otitis Media with Effusion - etiology
Otolaryngology
Otorrhea
Parenting
Parents
Parents & parenting
Placement
Primary care
Prognosis
Proportional Hazards Models
Quality of life
Questionnaires
Respiratory tract
Respiratory tract diseases
Siblings
Studies
Surveys
Systematic review
Tubes
Ventilation
Netherlands
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Zusammenfassung:Although common in children with tympanostomy tubes, the current incidence of tympanostomy tube otorrhea (TTO) is uncertain. TTO is generally a sign of otitis media, when middle ear fluid drains through the tube. Predictors for otitis media are therefore suggested to have predictive value for the occurrence of TTO. To determine the incidence of TTO and its predictors. We performed a cohort study, using a parental web-based questionnaire to retrospectively collect data on TTO episodes and its potential predictors from children younger than 10 years of age with tympanostomy tubes. Of the 1,184 children included in analyses (total duration of time since tube placement was 768 person years with a mean of 7.8 months per child), 616 children (52%) experienced one or more episodes of TTO. 137 children (12%) had TTO within the calendar month of tube placement. 597 (50%) children had one or more acute TTO episodes (duration <4 weeks) and 46 children (4%) one or more chronic TTO episodes (duration ≥4 weeks). 146 children (12%) experienced recurrent TTO episodes. Accounting for time since tube placement, 67% of children developed one or more TTO episodes in the year following tube placement. Young age, recurrent acute otitis media being the indication for tube placement, a recent history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and the presence of older siblings were independently associated with the future occurrence of TTO, and can therefore be seen as predictors for TTO. Our survey confirms that otorrhea is a common sequela in children with tympanostomy tubes, which occurrence can be predicted by age, medical history and presence of older siblings.
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Competing Interests: AS has received an honorarium from GlaxoSmithKline for participating in educational activities and workshops related to pneumococcal vaccination and otitis media. She has received funds from GlaxoSmithKline for research on microbial pathogens in acute tympanostomy tube otorrhoea. The other authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Conceived and designed the experiments: TVD GVDH AS. Performed the experiments: TVD HF. Analyzed the data: TVD. Wrote the paper: TVD GVDH HF RV AS. Participated in interpretation of data: TVD GVDH RV AS.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0069062