Amsler grid test for detection of advanced glaucoma in Ethiopia
This study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma. Prospective study. We prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with ad...
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| Published in: | PloS one Vol. 15; no. 3; p. e0230017 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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10.03.2020
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| ISSN: | 1932-6203, 1932-6203 |
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| Abstract | This study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma.
Prospective study.
We prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with advanced glaucoma and 100 eyes of 100 normal individuals. We used a lottery method to choose the side of the eye for the control groups.
All participants had reliable Humphrey 10-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA) standard VF. Both the BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were done for each group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the amsler grid scotoma area were calculated with the 10-2 VF as the reference standard.
The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age and the 10-2 VF mean deviation (MD) of advanced glaucoma eyes were 59.8 ± 11.8 (range 34-84) years and -19.94 ± 9.8(range -34.98--0.52) respectively. Among 108 eyes with normal 10-2 VF test, 103 had a normal BOW amsler grid test and 5 had an abnormal BOW test. Among 92 eyes with an abnormal 10-2 VF test, 74 had an abnormal and 18 had normal BOW amsler grid test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BOW amsler grid test were 80.4%, 95.4%, 93% and 85.1% respectively whereas that of the WOB amsler grid test were 71.7%, 95.4%, 93% and 72.8% respectively.
The sensitivity and specificity of both BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were high in detecting VF defects in advanced glaucoma. |
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| AbstractList | This study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma. We prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with advanced glaucoma and 100 eyes of 100 normal individuals. We used a lottery method to choose the side of the eye for the control groups. All participants had reliable Humphrey 10-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA) standard VF. Both the BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were done for each group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the amsler grid scotoma area were calculated with the 10-2 VF as the reference standard. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age and the 10-2 VF mean deviation (MD) of advanced glaucoma eyes were 59.8 ± 11.8 (range 34-84) years and -19.94 ± 9.8(range -34.98--0.52) respectively. Among 108 eyes with normal 10-2 VF test, 103 had a normal BOW amsler grid test and 5 had an abnormal BOW test. Among 92 eyes with an abnormal 10-2 VF test, 74 had an abnormal and 18 had normal BOW amsler grid test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BOW amsler grid test were 80.4%, 95.4%, 93% and 85.1% respectively whereas that of the WOB amsler grid test were 71.7%, 95.4%, 93% and 72.8% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of both BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were high in detecting VF defects in advanced glaucoma. OBJECTIVE:This study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma. DESIGN:Prospective study. PARTICIPANTS:We prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with advanced glaucoma and 100 eyes of 100 normal individuals. We used a lottery method to choose the side of the eye for the control groups. METHODS:All participants had reliable Humphrey 10-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA) standard VF. Both the BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were done for each group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the amsler grid scotoma area were calculated with the 10-2 VF as the reference standard. RESULTS:The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age and the 10-2 VF mean deviation (MD) of advanced glaucoma eyes were 59.8 ± 11.8 (range 34-84) years and -19.94 ± 9.8(range -34.98--0.52) respectively. Among 108 eyes with normal 10-2 VF test, 103 had a normal BOW amsler grid test and 5 had an abnormal BOW test. Among 92 eyes with an abnormal 10-2 VF test, 74 had an abnormal and 18 had normal BOW amsler grid test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BOW amsler grid test were 80.4%, 95.4%, 93% and 85.1% respectively whereas that of the WOB amsler grid test were 71.7%, 95.4%, 93% and 72.8% respectively. CONCLUSION:The sensitivity and specificity of both BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were high in detecting VF defects in advanced glaucoma. This study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma. Prospective study. We prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with advanced glaucoma and 100 eyes of 100 normal individuals. We used a lottery method to choose the side of the eye for the control groups. All participants had reliable Humphrey 10-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA) standard VF. Both the BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were done for each group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the amsler grid scotoma area were calculated with the 10-2 VF as the reference standard. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age and the 10-2 VF mean deviation (MD) of advanced glaucoma eyes were 59.8 ± 11.8 (range 34-84) years and -19.94 ± 9.8(range -34.98--0.52) respectively. Among 108 eyes with normal 10-2 VF test, 103 had a normal BOW amsler grid test and 5 had an abnormal BOW test. Among 92 eyes with an abnormal 10-2 VF test, 74 had an abnormal and 18 had normal BOW amsler grid test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BOW amsler grid test were 80.4%, 95.4%, 93% and 85.1% respectively whereas that of the WOB amsler grid test were 71.7%, 95.4%, 93% and 72.8% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of both BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were high in detecting VF defects in advanced glaucoma. Objective This study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma. Design Prospective study. Participants We prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with advanced glaucoma and 100 eyes of 100 normal individuals. We used a lottery method to choose the side of the eye for the control groups. Methods All participants had reliable Humphrey 10–2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA) standard VF. Both the BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were done for each group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the amsler grid scotoma area were calculated with the 10–2 VF as the reference standard. Results The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age and the 10–2 VF mean deviation (MD) of advanced glaucoma eyes were 59.8 ± 11.8 (range 34–84) years and -19.94 ± 9.8(range -34.98–-0.52) respectively. Among 108 eyes with normal 10–2 VF test, 103 had a normal BOW amsler grid test and 5 had an abnormal BOW test. Among 92 eyes with an abnormal 10–2 VF test, 74 had an abnormal and 18 had normal BOW amsler grid test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BOW amsler grid test were 80.4%, 95.4%, 93% and 85.1% respectively whereas that of the WOB amsler grid test were 71.7%, 95.4%, 93% and 72.8% respectively. Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of both BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were high in detecting VF defects in advanced glaucoma. This study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma.OBJECTIVEThis study was done to determine the validity of amsler grid test black on white (BOW), as well as white on black (WOB) for identifying central visual field (VF) defects in patients with advanced glaucoma.Prospective study.DESIGNProspective study.We prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with advanced glaucoma and 100 eyes of 100 normal individuals. We used a lottery method to choose the side of the eye for the control groups.PARTICIPANTSWe prospectively included 100 consecutive eyes of 88 adult patients with advanced glaucoma and 100 eyes of 100 normal individuals. We used a lottery method to choose the side of the eye for the control groups.All participants had reliable Humphrey 10-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA) standard VF. Both the BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were done for each group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the amsler grid scotoma area were calculated with the 10-2 VF as the reference standard.METHODSAll participants had reliable Humphrey 10-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA) standard VF. Both the BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were done for each group. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the amsler grid scotoma area were calculated with the 10-2 VF as the reference standard.The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age and the 10-2 VF mean deviation (MD) of advanced glaucoma eyes were 59.8 ± 11.8 (range 34-84) years and -19.94 ± 9.8(range -34.98--0.52) respectively. Among 108 eyes with normal 10-2 VF test, 103 had a normal BOW amsler grid test and 5 had an abnormal BOW test. Among 92 eyes with an abnormal 10-2 VF test, 74 had an abnormal and 18 had normal BOW amsler grid test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BOW amsler grid test were 80.4%, 95.4%, 93% and 85.1% respectively whereas that of the WOB amsler grid test were 71.7%, 95.4%, 93% and 72.8% respectively.RESULTSThe mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age and the 10-2 VF mean deviation (MD) of advanced glaucoma eyes were 59.8 ± 11.8 (range 34-84) years and -19.94 ± 9.8(range -34.98--0.52) respectively. Among 108 eyes with normal 10-2 VF test, 103 had a normal BOW amsler grid test and 5 had an abnormal BOW test. Among 92 eyes with an abnormal 10-2 VF test, 74 had an abnormal and 18 had normal BOW amsler grid test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BOW amsler grid test were 80.4%, 95.4%, 93% and 85.1% respectively whereas that of the WOB amsler grid test were 71.7%, 95.4%, 93% and 72.8% respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of both BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were high in detecting VF defects in advanced glaucoma.CONCLUSIONThe sensitivity and specificity of both BOW and WOB amsler grid tests were high in detecting VF defects in advanced glaucoma. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Damji, Karim F. Gessesse, Girum W. Tamrat, Lemlem |
| AuthorAffiliation | LV Prasad Eye Institute, INDIA 1 Department of Ophthalmology, St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: LV Prasad Eye Institute, INDIA – name: 2 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada – name: 1 Department of Ophthalmology, St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32155202$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_4103_jwas_jwas_275_22 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics13111946 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics12051258 crossref_primary_10_1097_IJG_0000000000002336 |
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| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0230017 |
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| SubjectTerms | Algorithms Amsler wear test Biology and Life Sciences Cataracts Control methods Defects Design defects Disease Eye Eye (anatomy) Glaucoma Hospitals Interactive control Medical research Medical schools Medicine and Health Sciences Patients Quality of life Sensitivity Sensitivity analysis Social Sciences Standard deviation Visual field Visual fields |
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| Title | Amsler grid test for detection of advanced glaucoma in Ethiopia |
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