The short chain fatty acid propionate stimulates GLP-1 and PYY secretion via free fatty acid receptor 2 in rodents

Background and Objectives: The gut hormones peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) acutely suppress appetite. The short chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptor, free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) is present on colonic enteroendocrine L cells, and a role has been suggested for SCFAs in appetite...

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Published in:International Journal of Obesity Vol. 39; no. 3; pp. 424 - 429
Main Authors: Psichas, A, Sleeth, M L, Murphy, K G, Brooks, L, Bewick, G A, Hanyaloglu, A C, Ghatei, M A, Bloom, S R, Frost, G
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.03.2015
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
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Animals
Appetite
Biological control systems
Colon - metabolism
Colon - pathology
Diabetes
Diet
Endocrinology
Epidemiology
Fatty acids
Gastrointestinal hormones
Gastrointestinal Hormones - metabolism
Glucagon
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - drug effects
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - metabolism
Glucose
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Hormones
Internal Medicine
Measurement
Medical research
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Metabolism
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Microbiota
Nutrients
Nutrition research
Obesity
Original
original-article
Peptide YY - metabolism
Peptides
Physiological research
Properties
Propionates - pharmacology
Public Health
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - drug effects
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism
Rodents
Small intestine
Weight control
United Kingdom > UK
ISSN:0307-0565, 1476-5497, 1476-5497
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background and Objectives: The gut hormones peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) acutely suppress appetite. The short chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptor, free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) is present on colonic enteroendocrine L cells, and a role has been suggested for SCFAs in appetite regulation. Here, we characterise the in vitro and in vivo effects of colonic propionate on PYY and GLP-1 release in rodents, and investigate the role of FFA2 in mediating these effects using FFA2 knockout mice. Methods: We used Wistar rats, C57BL6 mice and free fatty acid receptor 2 knockout (FFA −/− ) mice on a C57BL6 background to explore the impact of the SCFA propionate on PYY and GLP-1 release. Isolated colonic crypt cultures were used to assess the effects of propionate on gut hormone release in vitro . We subsequently developed an in vivo technique to assess gut hormone release into the portal vein following colonic infusion of propionate. Results: Propionate stimulated the secretion of both PYY and GLP-1 from wild-type primary murine colonic crypt cultures. This effect was significantly attenuated in cultures from FFA2 −/− mice. Intra-colonic infusion of propionate elevated PYY and GLP-1 levels in jugular vein plasma in rats and in portal vein plasma in both rats and mice. However, propionate did not significantly stimulate gut hormone release in FFA2 −/− mice. Conclusions: Intra-colonic administration of propionate stimulates the concurrent release of both GLP-1 and PYY in rats and mice. These data demonstrate that FFA2 deficiency impairs SCFA-induced gut hormone secretion both in vitro and in vivo .
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ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/ijo.2014.153