Phylogenetic, molecular, and microscopic investigation of Linguatula serrata infection in stray and road-killed dogs in Northwest Iran

Background Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasite. Canids serve as definitive hosts, while herbivores acts as intermediate hosts. Adult L. serrata are found in the nasal and respiratory passages, whereas the immature stages are located in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lu...

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Veröffentlicht in:BMC veterinary research Jg. 21; H. 1; S. 141
Hauptverfasser: Hajipour, Nasser, Ghorani, Mohammadreza, Ketzis, Jennifer
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London BioMed Central 04.03.2025
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Schlagworte:
Accuracy
adults
Analysis
Animals
Canidae
Carnivores
Causes of
Diseases
Dog Diseases - epidemiology
Dog Diseases - parasitology
Dogs
Eggs
Feces
Feces - parasitology
Female
Feral dogs
Health aspects
Herbivores
Infection
Infections
Iran
Iran - epidemiology
Linguatula serrata
liver
lymph
Lymph nodes
Male
Medical research
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Medicine, Experimental
Microscopy
Morphology
Nasal secretions
Necropsy
nose
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
PCR
Pentastomida - classification
Pentastomida - genetics
Phylogeny
Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary
Prevalence
risk
RNA
Roadkills
rRNA 18S
Secretions
Sediments
Sinuses
spleen
Transgenics
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Zoology
Zoonoses
Iran
Azerbaijan
Nasal secretions
Feces
Necropsy
PCR
Dogs
Linguatula serrata
ISSN:1746-6148, 1746-6148
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Zusammenfassung:Background Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasite. Canids serve as definitive hosts, while herbivores acts as intermediate hosts. Adult L. serrata are found in the nasal and respiratory passages, whereas the immature stages are located in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lungs, and, occasionally in other organs. Humans can serve as intermediate hosts, with visceral infections, or as definitive hosts with nasopharyngeal infections. This study aimed to investigate the infection rate of stray and road-killed dogs with L. serrata and to explore its phylogeny. Material and methods A total of 150 stray dogs and 100 road-killed dogs were examined for L. serrata eggs in feces and nasal secretions using microscopy and molecular tests, and for adult L. serrata through necropsy. Results The results showed that 174 of 250 (69.6%) studied dogs were positive for L. serrata by at least one of the examination methods. The prevalence in road-killed and stray dogs was determined to be 72% and 68%, respectively. The L. serrata infection rate based on fecal microscopy in the road-killed and stray dogs was 29% and 46.7%, respectively, and by fecal PCR was 59% and 48.7%, respectively. The rate of infection with L. serrata based on nasal secretions in road-killed and stray dogs was 14% and 26%, respectively, using microscopy, and 44% and 43.3%, respectively, using PCR. In the road-killed dogs, based on necropsy, 46% were positive. The results of this study show that PCR is more effective than microscopy for detecting L. serrata infections in dogs. PCR amplicon of the expected size for Linguatula of approximately 595 bp for 18S rRNA were generated from the L. serrata isolates using described specific primers. Conclusion It can be concluded that the rate of infection in dogs and possibly other carnivores, herbivores, and man, is high in this locality; hence, strict control measures should be conducted to overcome the risk of infection with this zoonotic disease.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:1746-6148
1746-6148
DOI:10.1186/s12917-025-04582-6