miRNA-375 a Sensor of Glucotoxicity Is Altered in the Serum of Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes

Background. The use of miRNAs as biomarkers for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) risk is attractive as T1D is usually diagnosed in front of acute symptoms. As miR-375 is highly expressed in the endocrine pancreas, we postulated that its circulating level might reflect beta cell alterations and might be altered...

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Published in:Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2016; no. 2016; pp. 1 - 7
Main Authors: Rome, Sophie, Thivolet, Charles, Nicolino, Marc, Fabien, Nicole, Van den Hende, Kathleen, Meugnier, Emmanuelle, Jalabert, Audrey, Marchand, Lucien, Madec, Anne-Marie
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01.01.2016
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Hindawi Publishing Coporation
Wiley
Subjects:
Adolescent
Age
Autoantibodies
Autoimmunity
Biomarkers
Child
Dextrose
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - blood
Diabetes therapy
Disease
Down-Regulation - drug effects
Female
Gender
Gene expression
Glucose
Glucose - pharmacology
Glycosylated hemoglobin
Humans
Insulin
Islets of Langerhans - drug effects
Islets of Langerhans - metabolism
Life Sciences
Male
Metabolism
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs - blood
Pancreas
Pediatrics
Sensors
Software
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
France
micrornas
disease
nod mice
autoimmune
mir-375
biomarkers
responses
mechanism
strategy
beta-cell mass
ISSN:2314-6745, 2314-6753, 2314-6753
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background. The use of miRNAs as biomarkers for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) risk is attractive as T1D is usually diagnosed in front of acute symptoms. As miR-375 is highly expressed in the endocrine pancreas, we postulated that its circulating level might reflect beta cell alterations and might be altered in the blood of T1D patients recently diagnosed. Methods. Sera were obtained from 22 T1D children at onset of the disease, before subcutaneous insulin treatment, and from 10 nondiabetic pediatric controls. MiR-375 seric level was quantified by stem-loop RT-PCR-based assay. MiRNAs regulations in isolated human islets in response to high glucose concentrations were determined by TaqMan Low-Density Array. Results. The abundance of miR-375, among the 410 miRNAs detected in human islets, mirrored its well-established role in rodent islet biology. Upregulated miRNAs targeted genes involved in islet homeostasis and regulation of beta cell mass. Downregulated miRNAs, including miR-375, were involved in pancreas secretion and protein turnover. Seric level of miR-375 was lower in T1D children versus age-matched controls, without any correlations with HbA1c, glycaemia, and number of autoantibodies. Conclusion. Altered circulating level of miR-375 at onset of T1D might be a general biomarker of metabolic alterations and inflammation associated with the disease.
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Academic Editor: Paolo Fiorina
ISSN:2314-6745
2314-6753
2314-6753
DOI:10.1155/2016/1869082