The MERMAID study: indoor and outdoor average pollutant concentrations in 10 low-energy school buildings in France

Indoor air quality was characterized in 10 recently built energy‐efficient French schools during two periods of 4.5 days. Carbon dioxide time‐resolved measurements during occupancy clearly highlight the key role of the ventilation rate (scheduled or occupancy indexed), especially in this type of bui...

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Veröffentlicht in:Indoor air Jg. 26; H. 5; S. 702 - 713
Hauptverfasser: Verriele, M., Schoemaecker, C., Hanoune, B., Leclerc, N., Germain, S., Gaudion, V., Locoge, N.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2016
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Wiley
Schlagworte:
Acetone
Air Pollution - analysis
Air quality
Benzene
Buildings
Carbon dioxide
Comfort parameters
Conservation of Energy Resources - methods
Emission measurements
Energy efficiency
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Environmental Sciences
Field measurements
France
Humans
Hydrocarbons
Indoor air quality
Indoor environments
Indoor-outdoor ratio
Low-energy public buildings
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrogen Dioxide - analysis
Occupancy impact
Organic compounds
Outdoor
Outdoor air quality
Ozone
Ozone - analysis
Pollutants
Pollution sources
School buildings
Schools
Toluene
Ventilation
Ventilation - methods
VOCs
Volatile organic compounds
Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis
ANE, France
Volatile organic compounds
Low-energy public buildings
Occupancy impact
Comfort parameters
Indoor-outdoor ratio
Field measurements
ISSN:0905-6947, 1600-0668
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Indoor air quality was characterized in 10 recently built energy‐efficient French schools during two periods of 4.5 days. Carbon dioxide time‐resolved measurements during occupancy clearly highlight the key role of the ventilation rate (scheduled or occupancy indexed), especially in this type of building, which was tightly sealed and equipped with a dual‐flow ventilation system to provide air refreshment. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and inorganic gases (ozone and NO2) were measured indoors and outdoors by passive techniques during the occupied and the unoccupied periods. Over 150 VOC species were identified. Among them, 27 species were selected for quantification, based on their occurrence. High concentrations were found for acetone, 2‐butanone, formaldehyde, toluene, and hexaldehyde. However, these concentrations are lower than those previously observed in conventional school buildings. The indoor/outdoor and unoccupied/occupied ratios are informative regarding emission sources. Except for benzene, ozone, and NO2, all the pollutants in these buildings have an indoor source. Occupancy is associated with increased levels of acetone, 2‐butanone, pentanal, butyl acetate, and alkanes.
Bibliographie:ArticleID:INA12258
istex:6F4A527B0F82116A26088E8EA63869BE3DB296E6
Appendix S1. ICONE index. Figure S1. localization of the schools (red: THPE, blue: BBC, green: Positive; U: urban, I: industrial, SU: suburban, R: rural environment). Figure S2. CO2 profile for THPE5, 2nd period. Figure S3. Formaldehyde and BTEX concentrations measured in this work and in previous studies. Table S1. Description of the instrumentation installed indoor and outdoor. Table S2. VOC screening (<1 µg/m3 in at least one building): Indoor and outdoor concentrations in unoccupied and occupied conditions.
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French Environment and Energy Management Agency ADEME
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ISSN:0905-6947
1600-0668
DOI:10.1111/ina.12258