Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis

Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of widely available antibiotics is threatened by global emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. New antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, could have a...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Lancet (British edition) Jg. 380; H. 9854; S. 1693 - 1702
Hauptverfasser: van de Beek, Diederik, Brouwer, Matthijs C, Thwaites, Guy E, Tunkel, Allan R
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 10.11.2012
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Elsevier Limited
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ISSN:0140-6736, 1474-547X, 1474-547X
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Abstract Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of widely available antibiotics is threatened by global emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. New antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, could have a role in these circumstances, but clinical data to support this notion are scarce. Additionally, whether or not adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapies (eg, dexamethasone) improve outcomes in patients with bacterial meningitis remains controversial; in resource-poor regions, where the disease burden is highest, dexamethasone is ineffective. Other adjunctive therapeutic strategies, such as glycerol, paracetamol, and induction of hypothermia, are being tested further. Therefore, bacterial meningitis is a substantial and evolving therapeutic challenge. We review this challenge, with a focus on strategies to optimise antibiotic efficacy in view of increasingly drug-resistant bacteria, and discuss the role of current and future adjunctive therapies.
AbstractList Summary Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of widely available antibiotics is threatened by global emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. New antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, could have a role in these circumstances, but clinical data to support this notion are scarce. Additionally, whether or not adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapies (eg, dexamethasone) improve outcomes in patients with bacterial meningitis remains controversial; in resource-poor regions, where the disease burden is highest, dexamethasone is ineffective. Other adjunctive therapeutic strategies, such as glycerol, paracetamol, and induction of hypothermia, are being tested further. Therefore, bacterial meningitis is a substantial and evolving therapeutic challenge. We review this challenge, with a focus on strategies to optimise antibiotic efficacy in view of increasingly drug-resistant bacteria, and discuss the role of current and future adjunctive therapies.
Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of widely available antibiotics is threatened by global emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. New antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, could have a role in these circumstances, but clinical data to support this notion are scarce. Additionally, whether or not adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapies (eg, dexamethasone) improve outcomes in patients with bacterial meningitis remains controversial; in resource-poor regions, where the disease burden is highest, dexamethasone is ineffective. Other adjunctive therapeutic strategies, such as glycerol, paracetamol, and induction of hypothermia, are being tested further. Therefore, bacterial meningitis is a substantial and evolving therapeutic challenge. We review this challenge, with a focus on strategies to optimise antibiotic efficacy in view of increasingly drug-resistant bacteria, and discuss the role of current and future adjunctive therapies.
Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of widely available antibiotics is threatened by global emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. New antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, could have a role in these circumstances, but clinical data to support this notion are scarce. Additionally, whether or not adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapies (eg, dexamethasone) improve outcomes in patients with bacterial meningitis remains controversial; in resource-poor regions, where the disease burden is highest, dexamethasone is ineffective. Other adjunctive therapeutic strategies, such as glycerol, paracetamol, and induction of hypothermia, are being tested further. Therefore, bacterial meningitis is a substantial and evolving therapeutic challenge. We review this challenge, with a focus on strategies to optimise antibiotic efficacy in view of increasingly drug-resistant bacteria, and discuss the role of current and future adjunctive therapies.Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of widely available antibiotics is threatened by global emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. New antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, could have a role in these circumstances, but clinical data to support this notion are scarce. Additionally, whether or not adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapies (eg, dexamethasone) improve outcomes in patients with bacterial meningitis remains controversial; in resource-poor regions, where the disease burden is highest, dexamethasone is ineffective. Other adjunctive therapeutic strategies, such as glycerol, paracetamol, and induction of hypothermia, are being tested further. Therefore, bacterial meningitis is a substantial and evolving therapeutic challenge. We review this challenge, with a focus on strategies to optimise antibiotic efficacy in view of increasingly drug-resistant bacteria, and discuss the role of current and future adjunctive therapies.
Author Tunkel, Allan R
Thwaites, Guy E
van de Beek, Diederik
Brouwer, Matthijs C
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Diederik
  surname: van de Beek
  fullname: van de Beek, Diederik
  email: d.vandebeek@amc.uva.nl
  organization: Department of Neurology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Matthijs C
  surname: Brouwer
  fullname: Brouwer, Matthijs C
  organization: Department of Neurology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Guy E
  surname: Thwaites
  fullname: Thwaites, Guy E
  organization: Department of Infectious Diseases/Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Kings College London, London, UK
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Allan R
  surname: Tunkel
  fullname: Tunkel, Allan R
  organization: Department of Medicine, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, NJ, USA
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23141618$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 9854
Keywords Infection
Medicine
Bacteriosis
Nervous system diseases
Bacterial meningitis
Treatment
Language English
License https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0
CC BY 4.0
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Snippet Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of widely...
Summary Bacterial meningitis kills or maims about a fifth of people with the disease. Early antibiotic treatment improves outcomes, but the effectiveness of...
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SubjectTerms acetaminophen
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases of the nervous system. Bacterial myositis
Biological and medical sciences
burden of disease
Community-Acquired Infections - drug therapy
Community-Acquired Infections - epidemiology
dexamethasone
Disease
Drug Therapy, Combination
Epidemiology
fluoroquinolones
Forecasting
General aspects
Global Health
glycerol
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - drug therapy
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - drug therapy
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Hypothermia
Infectious diseases
Internal Medicine
Listeria
Medical sciences
Meningitis
Meningitis, Bacterial - drug therapy
Meningitis, Bacterial - epidemiology
Mortality
multiple drug resistance
patients
Penicillin Resistance
people
Recurrence
Streptococcus infections
Therapies, Investigational
Treatment Outcome
Title Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis
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