High Infection Rates for Adult Macaques after Intravaginal or Intrarectal Inoculation with Zika Virus

Unprotected sexual intercourse between persons residing in or traveling from regions with Zika virus transmission is a risk factor for infection. To model risk for infection after sexual intercourse, we inoculated rhesus and cynomolgus macaques with Zika virus by intravaginal or intrarectal routes....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 23; no. 8; pp. 1274 - 1281
Main Authors: Haddow, Andrew D., Nalca, Aysegul, Rossi, Franco D., Miller, Lynn J., Wiley, Michael R., Perez-Sautu, Unai, Washington, Samuel C., Norris, Sarah L., Wollen-Roberts, Suzanne E., Shamblin, Joshua D., Kimmel, Adrienne E., Bloomfield, Holly A., Valdez, Stephanie M., Sprague, Thomas R., Principe, Lucia M., Bellanca, Stephanie A., Cinkovich, Stephanie S., Lugo-Roman, Luis, Cazares, Lisa H., Pratt, William D., Palacios, Gustavo F., Bavari, Sina, Pitt, M. Louise, Nasar, Farooq
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.08.2017
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
arbovirus
Disease transmission
Expedited
Female
Health aspects
High Infection Rates for Adult Macaques after Intravaginal or Intrarectal Inoculation with Zika Virus
Infection
infection rates
intravaginal inoculation
Macaca fascicularis
Macaca mulatta
macaques
Male
Mosquitoes
Risk factors
RNA
Vagina
Virus Replication
Virus Shedding
viruses
Zika virus
Zika Virus - physiology
Zika Virus Infection - transmission
Zika Virus Infection - virology
mosquitoes
intravaginal inoculation
viruses
sexual transmission
cynomolgus macaques
zoonoses
Zika virus
nonhuman primates
arbovirus
intrarectal inoculation
vector-borne infections
rhesus macaques
infection rates
macaques
ISSN:1080-6040, 1080-6059, 1080-6059
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Unprotected sexual intercourse between persons residing in or traveling from regions with Zika virus transmission is a risk factor for infection. To model risk for infection after sexual intercourse, we inoculated rhesus and cynomolgus macaques with Zika virus by intravaginal or intrarectal routes. In macaques inoculated intravaginally, we detected viremia and virus RNA in 50% of macaques, followed by seroconversion. In macaques inoculated intrarectally, we detected viremia, virus RNA, or both, in 100% of both species, followed by seroconversion. The magnitude and duration of infectious virus in the blood of macaques suggest humans infected with Zika virus through sexual transmission will likely generate viremias sufficient to infect competent mosquito vectors. Our results indicate that transmission of Zika virus by sexual intercourse might serve as a virus maintenance mechanism in the absence of mosquito-to-human transmission and could increase the probability of establishment and spread of Zika virus in regions where this virus is not present.
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ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2308.170036