Antagonists of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Cancer Treatment

The PD-1 pathway, comprising the immune cell co-receptor Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC), mediates local immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Drugs designed to block PD-1 or PD-L1 "release the brakes" on anti-tumor immunity and have de...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Seminars in oncology Vol. 42; no. 4; pp. 587 - 600
Main Authors:	Lipson, Evan J, Forde, Patrick M, Hammers, Hans-Joerg, Emens, Leisha A, Taube, Janis M, Topalian, Suzanne L
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 01.08.2015
Subjects:	Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use B7-H1 Antigen - antagonists & inhibitors Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism Humans Immunosuppression - methods Neoplasms - drug therapy Neoplasms - metabolism Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - antagonists & inhibitors Tumor Microenvironment - drug effects
ISSN:	1532-8708
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Summary:	The PD-1 pathway, comprising the immune cell co-receptor Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC), mediates local immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Drugs designed to block PD-1 or PD-L1 "release the brakes" on anti-tumor immunity and have demonstrated clinical activity in several types of advanced cancers, validating this pathway as a target for cancer therapy. Two such drugs have recently been approved to treat melanoma and lung cancers, and regulatory approvals in first- and second-line settings for additional cancer types are anticipated. The manageable safety profile of PD-1/PD-L1 blocking drugs identifies them as suitable for outpatient administration and the development of combinatorial therapies. Ongoing studies aim to identify biomarkers to guide patient selection, which would further improve the risk:benefit ratio for these drugs.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-2
ISSN:	1532-8708
DOI:	10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.05.013