Tissue-type plasminogen activator in the ischemic brain: more than a thrombolytic

Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that, besides the unquestionable benefit from its thrombolytic activity, tPA also has a deleterious effect on the ischemic brain i...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Trends in neurosciences (Regular ed.) Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 48 - 55
Main Authors:	Yepes, Manuel, Roussel, Benoit D., Ali, Carine, Vivien, Denis
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2009 Elsevier Elsevier Sequoia S.A
Subjects:	Animals Biological and medical sciences Brain Brain Ischemia - drug therapy Fibrinolytic Agents - pharmacology Fibrinolytic Agents - therapeutic use Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects. Models. Methods Humans Life Sciences Medical sciences Neurology Neurons Neurons and Cognition Neurosciences Stroke Tissue Plasminogen Activator - pharmacology Tissue Plasminogen Activator - therapeutic use Tissues Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs Human Cerebral infarction Nervous system diseases Stroke Central nervous system Cardiovascular disease Review Permeability Cerebral disorder Encephalon Vascular disease Treatment Central nervous system disease Brain ischemia Cerebral edema Cerebrovascular disease
ISSN:	0166-2236, 1878-108X
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that, besides the unquestionable benefit from its thrombolytic activity, tPA also has a deleterious effect on the ischemic brain including cytotoxicity and increased permeability of the neurovascular unit with the development of cerebral edema. Because an increasing number of acute stroke patients are treated with tPA, it is important to know the mechanisms of harmful effects of tPA on the ischemic brain. Here, the best studied pathways of tPA neurotoxicity are discussed along with future directions for a safer use of tPA as a thrombolytic agent in the setting of acute ischemic stroke.
AbstractList	Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that, besides the unquestionable benefit from its thrombolytic activity, tPA also has a deleterious effect on the ischemic brain including cytotoxicity and increased permeability of the neurovascular unit with the development of cerebral edema. Because an increasing number of acute stroke patients are treated with tPA, it is important to know the mechanisms of harmful effects of tPA on the ischemic brain. Here, the best studied pathways of tPA neurotoxicity are discussed along with future directions for a safer use of tPA as a thrombolytic agent in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that, besides the unquestionable benefit from its thrombolytic activity, tPA also has a deleterious effect on the ischemic brain including cytotoxicity and increased permeability of the neurovascular unit with the development of cerebral edema. Because an increasing number of acute stroke patients are treated with tPA, it is important to know the mechanisms of harmful effects of tPA on the ischemic brain. Here, the best studied pathways of tPA neurotoxicity are discussed along with future directions for a safer use of tPA as a thrombolytic agent in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. Overview The World Health Organization (WHO; www.who.int) defines stroke as 'rapidly developing clinical signs of focal (or global) disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting 24 h or longer or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than that of vascular origin'. Stroke might be classified as either ischemic or hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and the third cause of mortality after heart disease and cancer (American Heart Association report, 2008, www.americanheart.org), accounting for 5.5 million deaths worldwide, two-thirds of which are in developing countries [1]. Additionally, each year millions of ischemic stroke survivors have to adapt to a life with restrictions in the activities of daily living, and many of them depend on other people's support to survive. Three approaches have been investigated for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke: neuroprotec-tion, thrombolysis and mechanical removal of the clot. In contrast to neuroprotection, which has been largely unsuccessful , thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activa-tor (tPA) [2] and mechanical removal of the clot [3,4] have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA; www.fda.gov) for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. In a study performed by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS; www.ninds.nih.gov), treatment with tPA within 3 h of the onset of symptoms of acute ischemic stroke resulted in an 11–13% absolute increase in the number of patients with good outcome and in a reduction in the proportion of patients severely disabled or dead at 3 months [2]. Based on these results, intravenous tPA is currently the standard of care for patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting within 3 h of onset of the ischemic event. By contrast, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that tPA also has a deleterious effect in the ischemic brain. Indeed, in the NINDS study the use of tPA was associated with a 10-fold increase in the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage, which had a 60% mortality [2]. Likewise, animal studies have demonstrated that either genetic deficiency of tPA [5,6] or inhibition of tPA with neuroserpin [7] results in a decrease in the volume of the ischemic lesion after experimental occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Taken together, these studies indicate a pleiotropic role for tPA in the ischemic brain that is highly dependent of the compartment whereupon tPA acts (intravascular versus extravascular). Here, we review both the beneficial and deleterious effects of tPA in the ischemic brain and discusses potential approaches to improve the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that, besides the unquestionable benefit from its thrombolytic activity, tPA also has a deleterious effect on the ischemic brain including cytotoxicity and increased permeability of the neurovascular unit with the development of cerebral edema. Because an increasing number of acute stroke patients are treated with tPA, it is important to know the mechanisms of harmful effects of tPA on the ischemic brain. Here, the best studied pathways of tPA neurotoxicity are discussed along with future directions for a safer use of tPA as a thrombolytic agent in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that, besides the unquestionable benefit from its thrombolytic activity, tPA also has a deleterious effect on the ischemic brain including cytotoxicity and increased permeability of the neurovascular unit with the development of cerebral edema. Because an increasing number of acute stroke patients are treated with tPA, it is important to know the mechanisms of harmful effects of tPA on the ischemic brain. Here, the best studied pathways of tPA neurotoxicity are discussed along with future directions for a safer use of tPA as a thrombolytic agent in the setting of acute ischemic stroke.Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that, besides the unquestionable benefit from its thrombolytic activity, tPA also has a deleterious effect on the ischemic brain including cytotoxicity and increased permeability of the neurovascular unit with the development of cerebral edema. Because an increasing number of acute stroke patients are treated with tPA, it is important to know the mechanisms of harmful effects of tPA on the ischemic brain. Here, the best studied pathways of tPA neurotoxicity are discussed along with future directions for a safer use of tPA as a thrombolytic agent in the setting of acute ischemic stroke.
Author	Vivien, Denis Ali, Carine Yepes, Manuel Roussel, Benoit D.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Manuel surname: Yepes fullname: Yepes, Manuel organization: Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Benoit D. surname: Roussel fullname: Roussel, Benoit D. organization: INSERM U919, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, UMR-CNRS 6232 CINAPS, Cyceron, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, F-14074, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Carine surname: Ali fullname: Ali, Carine organization: INSERM U919, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, UMR-CNRS 6232 CINAPS, Cyceron, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, F-14074, France – sequence: 4 givenname: Denis surname: Vivien fullname: Vivien, Denis email: vivien@cyceron.fr organization: INSERM U919, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, UMR-CNRS 6232 CINAPS, Cyceron, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, F-14074, France
BackLink	http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21160826$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18963068$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-01296642$$DView record in HAL
BookMark	eNqFktGLEzEQxhc58Xqn_4APsgj65NZJss0mhwjHoZ5QEPEE30KanbWpu0kvSQv9783S2oeCd0_zkN83k5nvuyjOnHdYFC8JTAkQ_n41TdbFKQUQU5BTAP6kmBDRiIqA-HVWTDLEK0oZPy8uYlwBkFqQ-llxToTkDLiYFN_vbIwbrNJujeW613Gwzv9GV2qT7FYnH0rryrTE0kazxMGachG0dVfl4APmB53RXIIfFr7fJWueF0873Ud8caiXxc_Pn-5ubqv5ty9fb67nleEzkiqcGT0jBtgCmWa1ZoIRKQRIKnUDRspWynpBREfaVrO2odBpgl3bdAvT6KZml8W7fd-l7tU62EGHnfLaqtvrucp3wTAoIFRyXtMtyfjbPb4O_n6DMakhb4R9rx36TVSci7qWM_YoSIE2Ugqewdcn4Mpvgss7K5pdYJQwmaFXB2izGLA9fvSfAxl4cwB0NLrvgnbGxiNHCeEg6DhN7DkTfIwBO2Vs0sl6l7IfvSKgxlColRpDocZQKJAqhyJL6Yn0-IuHRB_2Iswebi0GFY1FZ7C1AU1SrbcPyz-eyE1vnc0b_sEdxuOliIpUgfoxRnVMKggAShvIDa7-3-Cx6X8B3ET3Rw
CODEN	TNSCDR
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_3233_JAD_170057 crossref_primary_10_1186_1750_1326_6_68 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2022_821937 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neubiorev_2011_05_010 crossref_primary_10_1084_jem_20191865 crossref_primary_10_1097_CCM_0b013e31824ea05e crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yebeh_2019_106540 crossref_primary_10_3390_ph15091074 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0255736 crossref_primary_10_1136_neurintsurg_2012_010594 crossref_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2014_309705 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_112_669374 crossref_primary_10_1155_2019_7609765 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bcp_2012_10_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2015_06_050 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1747_4949_2009_00255_x crossref_primary_10_1002_brb3_3447 crossref_primary_10_1182_blood_2020008951 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_022_00917_z crossref_primary_10_1515_rams_2019_0024 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12975_017_0584_9 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1472_8206_2012_01036_x crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_110_596106 crossref_primary_10_1016_S1634_7072_22_46428_2 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0158848 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11940_016_0403_8 crossref_primary_10_5114_bta_2024_141801 crossref_primary_10_1177_0271678X18764495 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202308677 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2011_08_024 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yebeh_2019_106524 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsomega_4c10959 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12883_014_0163_6 crossref_primary_10_2165_11209940_000000000_00000 crossref_primary_10_1111_cns_12365 crossref_primary_10_1097_WCO_0b013e328334da32 crossref_primary_10_1111_cns_12005 crossref_primary_10_1002_jnr_22412 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12883_015_0359_4 crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6528_abaadb crossref_primary_10_4103_0028_3886_355108 crossref_primary_10_3109_10611861003733961 crossref_primary_10_1212_WNL_0000000000003399 crossref_primary_10_4103_1673_5374_191204 crossref_primary_10_1002_2211_5463_12057 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10143_013_0469_7 crossref_primary_10_1038_cdd_2012_86 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12883_015_0468_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jddst_2015_07_018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nbd_2010_03_008 crossref_primary_10_1053_j_tvir_2011_12_002 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1471_4159_2012_07952_x crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202416020 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12974_017_0914_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_expneurol_2013_08_001 crossref_primary_10_1177_17474930251315630 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2015_04_025 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_114_006698 crossref_primary_10_1038_cddis_2016_279 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0063118 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_111_620468 crossref_primary_10_3389_fncel_2017_00178 crossref_primary_10_1017_S1740925X09990172 crossref_primary_10_1002_acn3_209 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mcn_2016_03_005 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_5471347 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopha_2023_114619 crossref_primary_10_1182_blood_2009_05_199208 crossref_primary_10_1093_cercor_bhs115 crossref_primary_10_1111_jth_12128 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atherosclerosis_2012_10_072 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_111_627091 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41983_023_00736_1 crossref_primary_10_1227_NEU_0b013e3181fe21e4 crossref_primary_10_1097_PCC_0b013e3181fe449f crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jep_2011_01_033 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12035_015_9432_7 crossref_primary_10_1177_2514183X20904571 crossref_primary_10_4103_bc_bc_45_22 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11239_011_0552_2 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22094380 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijpharm_2023_122878 crossref_primary_10_1111_cns_13082 crossref_primary_10_1111_ene_13292 crossref_primary_10_1155_2014_714218 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eplepsyres_2011_08_002 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12975_022_01107_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejps_2015_01_010 crossref_primary_10_1038_jcbfm_2011_127 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_113_003823 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrc_2012_08_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroscience_2013_10_060 crossref_primary_10_1177_0271678X211060395 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuropharm_2011_10_020 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10142_010_0195_y crossref_primary_10_1038_jcbfm_2013_191 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainresbull_2020_11_005 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2019_00637 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0180822 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcb_26747 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_123_044123 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202311803 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2017_10_024 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40064_016_2091_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s12975_016_0454_x crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_112_673228 crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awp162 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12035_021_02585_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopha_2018_03_087 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0085849 crossref_primary_10_1021_cr200472g crossref_primary_10_3892_mmr_2018_9000 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40256_018_0284_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202410404 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pharmthera_2015_06_004 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12967_015_0726_3 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms23031403 crossref_primary_10_1097_CCM_0000000000001424 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pneurobio_2013_09_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tips_2012_04_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ymthe_2023_03_008 crossref_primary_10_1051_jbio_2012020 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11239_014_1071_8 crossref_primary_10_1177_1076029614561320 crossref_primary_10_1021_acschemneuro_4c00842 crossref_primary_10_1038_jcbfm_2009_100 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2016_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1038_cdd_2017_35 crossref_primary_10_1038_nrneurol_2012_192 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11910_010_0156_9 crossref_primary_10_1080_17425247_2018_1384464 crossref_primary_10_1186_1477_9560_10_2 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2022_933140 crossref_primary_10_4103_1673_5374_266914 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11239_022_02730_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12035_023_03301_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10143_012_0399_9 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12975_017_0542_6 crossref_primary_10_1155_2012_176287 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_112_658997 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbi_2015_06_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejphar_2017_10_055 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1460_9568_2011_07843_x crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_111_629337 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nlm_2011_03_004 crossref_primary_10_3389_fncel_2015_00456 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0098706 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12028_013_9865_7 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_110_606293 crossref_primary_10_1038_aps_2012_94 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2018_01527 crossref_primary_10_1089_ther_2013_0010 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00415_012_6583_6 crossref_primary_10_1186_1750_1326_6_13 crossref_primary_10_1002_mco2_392 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11655_014_1847_x crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_114_007143 crossref_primary_10_4103_1673_5374_202924 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainresbull_2015_05_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jep_2023_116275 crossref_primary_10_1039_D3FO02639F crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yebeh_2019_106476 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0021999 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2018_00308 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_118_022404 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12974_021_02102_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yebeh_2019_04_056 crossref_primary_10_1080_10717544_2021_1879315 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells14181440 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainresbull_2013_04_009 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mri_2015_06_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejphar_2011_09_015 crossref_primary_10_3389_fncel_2015_00397 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11064_020_03004_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jconrel_2019_07_017 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1538_7836_2009_03701_x crossref_primary_10_1161_ATVBAHA_114_304530 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1471_4159_2010_06613_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroscience_2024_04_006 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_110_585943 crossref_primary_10_1038_labinvest_2011_67 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nbd_2017_08_011 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10072_015_2149_6 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines12061325 crossref_primary_10_4103_1673_5374_202946 crossref_primary_10_1186_1471_2377_14_106 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000020059 crossref_primary_10_1038_jcbfm_2009_275 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_111_615724 crossref_primary_10_1242_jcs_084392 crossref_primary_10_1038_jcbfm_2009_279 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pneurobio_2016_11_004 crossref_primary_10_1242_jcs_224196 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yfrne_2012_04_001 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcmm_18013 crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_8851089 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuint_2017_01_011 crossref_primary_10_1038_cdd_2009_172 crossref_primary_10_1074_jbc_M114_588087 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11883_016_0588_z crossref_primary_10_1007_s00401_011_0873_4 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_110_598359 crossref_primary_10_1160_TH13_06_0517 crossref_primary_10_1089_rej_2011_1272 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0167588 crossref_primary_10_1080_14712598_2016_1227779 crossref_primary_10_1038_jcbfm_2010_149 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0140668 crossref_primary_10_1111_jnc_13901 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nbd_2012_10_020 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1476_5381_2011_01398_x crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0092416 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12975_014_0376_4 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_1821979116 crossref_primary_10_1038_jcbfm_2009_174 crossref_primary_10_1084_jem_20101880 crossref_primary_10_1074_jbc_M112_374397 crossref_primary_10_1002_med_21817 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_110_592360
Cites_doi	10.1038/83358 10.1161/01.STR.0000033932.34467.97 10.1161/01.STR.0000140891.70547.56 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02573-1 10.1007/1-4020-7847-1_8 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3306-04.2004 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80483-3 10.1038/nm0403-371 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600650 10.1161/01.CIR.99.18.2440 10.1161/01.STR.0000119383.76447.05 10.1038/sj.onc.1203239 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74846-7 10.1038/nm1498 10.1038/nm1122 10.1038/jcbfm.2008.14 10.1097/00004647-200003000-00017 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03234.2003 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.740443.x 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.497115 10.1038/6458 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4987-06.2007 10.3174/ajnr.A1110 10.1172/JCI200319212 10.1161/01.STR.0000163050.39122.4f 10.1227/00006123-199511000-00015 10.1242/jcs.110.2.139 10.1097/01.WCB.0000078322.96027.78 10.1016/j.tins.2003.12.011 10.1038/377340a0 10.2353/ajpath.2007.070472 10.1073/pnas.0705848104 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.01.017 10.1182/blood-2004-07-2617 10.1056/NEJM199512143332401 10.1038/nm0298-228 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.04.013 10.1097/00006123-199810000-00107 10.1159/000118379 10.1038/nm1787 10.1161/01.STR.31.12.3034 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070975 10.1074/jbc.M707607200 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.500678 10.1073/pnas.0708823105 10.1038/nrm1368 10.1172/JCI11916 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02491.x 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123744 10.1038/nrn1824 10.1161/01.STR.0000049764.49162.76 10.1161/01.STR.0000258100.04923.84 10.1161/01.STR.0000166050.84056.48 10.1074/jbc.M407069200 10.1182/blood-2006-08-043125 10.1242/jcs.03354 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-09-03352.2002 10.1056/NEJMoa041175 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.494112 10.1038/nm926 10.1073/pnas.0406454102 10.1126/science.1100135 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03982.x 10.1242/jcs.02734 10.1182/blood.V96.2.569 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600004 10.1055/s-0038-1649042 10.1074/jbc.M504988200 10.1038/nn1757 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04417.x 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2008.00151.x 10.1161/01.CIR.0000163542.48611.A2 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05687.x
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2008 Elsevier Ltd Elsevier Ltd 2009 INIST-CNRS Copyright Elsevier Sequoia S.A. Jan 2009 Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2008 Elsevier Ltd – notice: Elsevier Ltd – notice: 2009 INIST-CNRS – notice: Copyright Elsevier Sequoia S.A. Jan 2009 – notice: Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
DBID	AAYXX CITATION IQODW CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7QG 7QL 7QP 7QR 7T7 7TK 7U9 8FD C1K FR3 H94 K9. M7N P64 7X8 1XC
DOI	10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006
DatabaseName	CrossRef Pascal-Francis Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed Animal Behavior Abstracts Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B) Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts Chemoreception Abstracts Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A) Neurosciences Abstracts Virology and AIDS Abstracts Technology Research Database Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management Engineering Research Database AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C) Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) Virology and AIDS Abstracts Technology Research Database ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Neurosciences Abstracts Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management Animal Behavior Abstracts Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B) Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C) AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts Chemoreception Abstracts Engineering Research Database Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A) Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	MEDLINE Virology and AIDS Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic Neurosciences Abstracts
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Medicine Anatomy & Physiology
EISSN	1878-108X
EndPage	55
ExternalDocumentID	oai:HAL:inserm-01296642v1 1630075451 18963068 21160826 10_1016_j_tins_2008_09_006 S0166223608002270 1_s2_0_S0166223608002270
Genre	Journal Article Review
GroupedDBID	--- --K --M -DZ -~X .1- .55 .FO .GJ .~1 0R~ 123 1B1 1CY 1P~ 1RT 1~. 1~5 29Q 3O- 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JM 9M8 AABNK AAEDT AAEDW AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAMRU AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AATTM AAXKI AAXLA AAXUO AAYWO ABCQJ ABFNM ABIVO ABJNI ABLJU ABMAC ABTEW ABUFD ABWVN ABXDB ACDAQ ACGFS ACIUM ACIWK ACLOT ACPRK ACRLP ACRPL ACVFH ADBBV ADCNI ADEZE ADIYS ADMUD ADNMO ADXHL AEBSH AEIPS AEKER AENEX AEUPX AEVXI AFPUW AFRAH AFRHN AFTJW AFXIZ AGHFR AGQPQ AGUBO AGWIK AGYEJ AHHHB AHMBA AIEXJ AIGII AIIUN AIKHN AITUG AJUYK AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMRAJ ANKPU APXCP ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BKOJK BKOMP BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFKBS EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HMQ HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W KOM M2V M41 MO0 MOBAO MVM N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OHT OP~ OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. PQQKQ Q38 R2- ROL RPZ RXW SCC SDF SDG SDP SES SEW SNS SPCBC SSN SSZ T5K TAE TN5 UQL WH7 WUQ X7M XPP YYP Z5R ZCA ZGI ZKB ~G- ~HD AACTN AFCTW AFKWA AJOXV AMFUW RCE RIG YCJ AADPK AAIAV ABYKQ AHPSJ AJBFU XFK ZA5 9DU AAYXX CITATION AGCQF AGRNS BNPGV IQODW SSH CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7QG 7QL 7QP 7QR 7T7 7TK 7U9 8FD C1K FR3 H94 K9. M7N P64 7X8 1XC
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c651t-e5ca51c03be3a34a38319880929a70c99d994b18f1dda3d720fa1efd7fbc7a743
ISICitedReferencesCount	244
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000263382700007&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0166-2236
IngestDate	Tue Oct 14 20:17:50 EDT 2025 Tue Oct 21 14:23:34 EDT 2025 Sun Sep 28 10:21:14 EDT 2025 Mon Nov 03 05:53:12 EST 2025 Thu Apr 03 07:04:55 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 09:12:48 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 04:58:59 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:49:55 EST 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:24:45 EST 2024 Sun Feb 23 10:19:31 EST 2025 Tue Oct 14 19:30:48 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	1
Keywords	Human Cerebral infarction Nervous system diseases Stroke Central nervous system Cardiovascular disease Review Permeability Cerebral disorder Encephalon Vascular disease Treatment Central nervous system disease Brain ischemia Cerebral edema Cerebrovascular disease
Language	English
License	https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0 CC BY 4.0 Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LinkModel	OpenURL
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c651t-e5ca51c03be3a34a38319880929a70c99d994b18f1dda3d720fa1efd7fbc7a743
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Literature Review-2 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-3
ORCID	0000-0003-0575-8112 0000-0002-7636-2185
PMID	18963068
PQID	218732139
PQPubID	9837
PageCount	8
ParticipantIDs	hal_primary_oai_HAL_inserm_01296642v1 proquest_miscellaneous_66844953 proquest_miscellaneous_20279986 proquest_journals_218732139 pubmed_primary_18963068 pascalfrancis_primary_21160826 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_tins_2008_09_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tins_2008_09_006 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_tins_2008_09_006 elsevier_clinicalkeyesjournals_1_s2_0_S0166223608002270 elsevier_clinicalkey_doi_10_1016_j_tins_2008_09_006
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2009-01-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2009-01-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 01 year: 2009 text: 2009-01-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2000
PublicationPlace	Amsterdam
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Amsterdam – name: England
PublicationTitle	Trends in neurosciences (Regular ed.)
PublicationTitleAlternate	Trends Neurosci
PublicationYear	2009
Publisher	Elsevier Ltd Elsevier Elsevier Sequoia S.A
Publisher_xml	– name: Elsevier Ltd – name: Elsevier – name: Elsevier Sequoia S.A
References	Medina (bib59) 2005; 24 Zhang (bib35) 2005; 25 Smith (bib3) 2008; 39 Nagai (bib6) 1999; 99 Reddrop (bib70) 2005; 36 Pang (bib63) 2004; 306 Mattson, Camandola (bib33) 2001; 107 Shishodia, Aggarwal (bib29) 2004; 119 Samson (bib54) 2008; 107 Zhang (bib37) 2007; 171 Aoki (bib22) 2002; 33 Armstead (bib71) 2006; 9 Truelsen, Bonita (bib1) 2003; 92 Su (bib25) 2008; 14 Tsirka (bib47) 1995; 377 López-Atalaya (bib69) 2007; 38 Thorsen (bib74) 1972; 28 Siao, Tsirka (bib11) 2002; 22 Pahl (bib30) 1999; 18 Benchenane (bib45) 2004; 27 Schreiber (bib14) 1998; 43 Ingall (bib17) 2004; 35 Lee (bib23) 2007; 417 Kidwell (bib24) 2008; 25 Cheng (bib72) 2006; 12 Mattson (bib34) 2000; 74 Yepes (bib10) 2003; 112 Levin (bib12) 1997; 110 Lapchak (bib42) 2000; 31 Park (bib40) 2008; 105 Pawlak (bib55) 2005; 102 Chen, Greene (bib28) 2004; 5 Matys, Strickland (bib52) 2003; 9 Kvajo (bib53) 2004; 24 Xu (bib36) 2002; 299 Chen, Strickland (bib48) 1997; 91 Alexandrov (bib65) 2004; 351 Polavarapu (bib27) 2008; 172 Demaerschalk (bib18) 2007; 38 Khatri (bib66) 2008; 3 Liberatore (bib68) 2003; 34 Kaneko (bib75) 1992; 111 Fukuda (bib21) 2004; 35 Liu (bib60) 2004; 10 Lee (bib62) 2007; 101 Abbott (bib19) 2006; 7 Schneider (bib31) 1999; 5 Stephenson (bib32) 2000; 20 Parathath (bib57) 2006; 119 Griffin (bib73) 2007; 5 Benchenane (bib51) 2007; 120 Wang (bib41) 2003; 9 Sheehan (bib49) 2007; 27 Yepes (bib7) 2000; 96 Nicole (bib9) 2001; 7 Samson, Medcalf (bib46) 2006; 50 Benchenane (bib44) 2005; 36 Bose (bib4) 2008; 29 Norris, Strickland (bib56) 2007; 104 Siao (bib8) 2003; 23 Polavarapu (bib26) 2007; 109 Fernández-Monreal (bib50) 2004; 279 Wang (bib5) 1998; 4 Levin, del Zoppo (bib13) 1994; 144 del Zoppo, Mabuchi (bib20) 2003; 23 Hu (bib39) 2006; 281 Yu (bib38) 2005; 105 Demaerschalk (bib64) 2008; 39 Zlokovic (bib15) 1995; 37 Martin (bib58) 2008; 283 Lopez-Atalaya (bib67) 2008; 28 Liot (bib61) 2006; 98 Benchenane (bib43) 2005; 111 (bib2) 1995; 333 Lees (bib16) 1999; 353 Samson (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib46) 2006; 50 Levin (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib12) 1997; 110 Ingall (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib17) 2004; 35 Cheng (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib72) 2006; 12 Thorsen (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib74) 1972; 28 Samson (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib54) 2008; 107 Xu (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib36) 2002; 299 Yu (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib38) 2005; 105 Medina (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib59) 2005; 24 Griffin (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib73) 2007; 5 Tsirka (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib47) 1995; 377 Kidwell (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib24) 2008; 25 Pawlak (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib55) 2005; 102 Martin (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib58) 2008; 283 (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib2) 1995; 333 Benchenane (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib51) 2007; 120 Stephenson (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib32) 2000; 20 Nicole (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib9) 2001; 7 Demaerschalk (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib18) 2007; 38 Matys (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib52) 2003; 9 Chen (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib48) 1997; 91 Norris (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib56) 2007; 104 Liot (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib61) 2006; 98 Wang (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib5) 1998; 4 Smith (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib3) 2008; 39 Benchenane (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib43) 2005; 111 Bose (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib4) 2008; 29 Zhang (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib35) 2005; 25 Polavarapu (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib27) 2008; 172 Pahl (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib30) 1999; 18 López-Atalaya (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib69) 2007; 38 Zlokovic (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib15) 1995; 37 Lee (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib23) 2007; 417 Park (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib40) 2008; 105 Parathath (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib57) 2006; 119 Su (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib25) 2008; 14 Schneider (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib31) 1999; 5 Yepes (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib10) 2003; 112 Shishodia (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib29) 2004; 119 Demaerschalk (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib64) 2008; 39 Lopez-Atalaya (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib67) 2008; 28 Siao (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib8) 2003; 23 Alexandrov (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib65) 2004; 351 Liu (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib60) 2004; 10 Benchenane (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib45) 2004; 27 Lee (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib62) 2007; 101 Sheehan (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib49) 2007; 27 Truelsen (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib1) 2003; 92 Aoki (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib22) 2002; 33 Chen (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib28) 2004; 5 Mattson (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib33) 2001; 107 del Zoppo (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib20) 2003; 23 Lees (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib16) 1999; 353 Khatri (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib66) 2008; 3 Hu (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib39) 2006; 281 Reddrop (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib70) 2005; 36 Schreiber (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib14) 1998; 43 Kvajo (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib53) 2004; 24 Kaneko (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib75) 1992; 111 Yepes (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib7) 2000; 96 Fukuda (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib21) 2004; 35 Nagai (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib6) 1999; 99 Siao (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib11) 2002; 22 Lapchak (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib42) 2000; 31 Pang (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib63) 2004; 306 Polavarapu (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib26) 2007; 109 Wang (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib41) 2003; 9 Benchenane (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib44) 2005; 36 Fernández-Monreal (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib50) 2004; 279 Mattson (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib34) 2000; 74 Liberatore (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib68) 2003; 34 Abbott (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib19) 2006; 7 Zhang (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib37) 2007; 171 Armstead (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib71) 2006; 9 Levin (10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib13) 1994; 144
References_xml	– volume: 144 start-page: 855 year: 1994 end-page: 861 ident: bib13 article-title: Localization of tissue plasminogen activator in the endothelium of a limited number of vessels publication-title: Am. J. Pathol. – volume: 27 start-page: 155 year: 2004 end-page: 160 ident: bib45 article-title: Equivocal roles of tissue-type plasminogen activator in stroke-induced injury publication-title: Trends Neurosci. – volume: 417 start-page: 1 year: 2007 end-page: 5 ident: bib23 article-title: Induction of matrix metalloproteinase, cytokines and chemokines in rat cortical astrocytes exposed to plasminogen activators publication-title: Neurosci. Lett. – volume: 377 start-page: 340 year: 1995 end-page: 344 ident: bib47 article-title: Excitotoxin-induced neuronal degeneration and seizure are mediated by tissue plasminogen activator publication-title: Nature – volume: 119 start-page: 339 year: 2006 end-page: 349 ident: bib57 article-title: Nitric oxide mediates neurodegeneration and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in tPA-dependent excitotoxic injury in mice publication-title: J. Cell Sci. – volume: 20 start-page: 592 year: 2000 end-page: 603 ident: bib32 article-title: Transcription factor nuclear factor-κB is activated in neurons after focal cerebral ischemia publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. – volume: 279 start-page: 50850 year: 2004 end-page: 50856 ident: bib50 article-title: Arginine 260 of the amino-terminal domain of NR1 subunit is critical for tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated enhancement of publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. – volume: 22 start-page: 3352 year: 2002 end-page: 3358 ident: bib11 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator mediates microglial activation via its finger domain through annexin II publication-title: J. Neurosci. – volume: 35 start-page: 2418 year: 2004 end-page: 2424 ident: bib17 article-title: Findings from the reanalysis of the NINDS tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke treatment trial publication-title: Stroke – volume: 4 start-page: 228 year: 1998 end-page: 231 ident: bib5 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) increases neuronal damage after focal cerebral ischemia in wild-type and tPA-deficient mice publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 10 start-page: 1379 year: 2004 end-page: 1383 ident: bib60 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 43 start-page: 909 year: 1998 end-page: 913 ident: bib14 article-title: Immunohistochemical localization of tissue plasminogen activator in vascular endothelium of stroke-prone regions of the rat brain publication-title: Neurosurgery – volume: 91 start-page: 917 year: 1997 end-page: 925 ident: bib48 article-title: Neuronal death in the hippocampus is promoted by plasmin-catalyzed degradation of laminin publication-title: Cell – volume: 107 start-page: 1091 year: 2008 end-page: 1101 ident: bib54 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator requires a co-receptor to enhance publication-title: J. Neurochem. – volume: 105 start-page: 1073 year: 2008 end-page: 1078 ident: bib40 article-title: Key role of tissue plasminogen activator in neurovascular coupling publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. – volume: 28 start-page: 65 year: 1972 end-page: 74 ident: bib74 article-title: Differences in the binding to fibrin of urokinase and tissue plasminogen activator publication-title: Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. – volume: 105 start-page: 3545 year: 2005 end-page: 3551 ident: bib38 article-title: Endothelial expression of E-selectin is induced by the platelet-specific chemokine platelet factor 4 through LRP in an NF-κB-dependent manner publication-title: Blood – volume: 23 start-page: 879 year: 2003 end-page: 894 ident: bib20 article-title: Cerebral microvessel responses to focal ischemia publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. – volume: 98 start-page: 1458 year: 2006 end-page: 1464 ident: bib61 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator rescues neurones from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis through a mechanism independent of its proteolytic activity publication-title: J. Neurochem. – volume: 7 start-page: 41 year: 2006 end-page: 53 ident: bib19 article-title: Astrocyte–endothelial interactions at the blood–brain barrier publication-title: Nat. Rev. Neurosci. – volume: 281 start-page: 2120 year: 2006 end-page: 2127 ident: bib39 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator acts as a cytokine that triggers intracellular signal transduction and induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. – volume: 96 start-page: 569 year: 2000 end-page: 576 ident: bib7 article-title: Neuroserpin reduces cerebral infarct volume and protects neurons from ischemia-induced apoptosis publication-title: Blood – volume: 25 start-page: 338 year: 2008 end-page: 343 ident: bib24 article-title: Thrombolytic toxicity: blood brain barrier disruption in human ischemic stroke publication-title: Cerebrovasc. Dis. – volume: 36 start-page: 1065 year: 2005 end-page: 1070 ident: bib44 article-title: Oxygen glucose deprivation switches the transport of tPA across the blood-brain barrier from an LRP-dependent to an increased LRP-independent process publication-title: Stroke – volume: 109 start-page: 3270 year: 2007 end-page: 3278 ident: bib26 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated shedding of astrocytic low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein increases the permeability of the neurovascular unit publication-title: Blood – volume: 5 start-page: 554 year: 1999 end-page: 559 ident: bib31 article-title: NF-κB is activated and promotes cell death in focal cerebral ischemia publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 24 start-page: 1706 year: 2005 end-page: 1716 ident: bib59 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator mediates amyloid-induced neurotoxicity via Erk1/2 activation publication-title: EMBO J. – volume: 9 start-page: 1150 year: 2006 end-page: 1155 ident: bib71 article-title: Neutralizing the neurotoxic effects of exogenous and endogenous tPA publication-title: Nat. Neurosci. – volume: 74 start-page: 443 year: 2000 end-page: 456 ident: bib34 article-title: Roles of nuclear factor κB in neuronal survival and plasticity publication-title: J. Neurochem. – volume: 24 start-page: 9734 year: 2004 end-page: 9743 ident: bib53 article-title: Regulation of brain proteolytic activity is necessary for the publication-title: J. Neurosci. – volume: 33 start-page: 2711 year: 2002 end-page: 2717 ident: bib22 article-title: Blood-brain barrier disruption and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression during reperfusion injury: mechanical versus embolic focal ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats publication-title: Stroke – volume: 38 start-page: 2215 year: 2007 end-page: 2216 ident: bib18 article-title: Thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke: the likelihood of being helped versus harmed publication-title: Stroke – volume: 112 start-page: 1533 year: 2003 end-page: 1540 ident: bib10 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator induces opening of the blood-brain barrier via the LDL receptor-related protein publication-title: J. Clin. Invest. – volume: 9 start-page: 371 year: 2003 end-page: 372 ident: bib52 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator and NMDA receptor cleavage publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 5 start-page: 73 year: 2007 end-page: 80 ident: bib73 article-title: Activated protein C publication-title: J. Thromb. Haemost. – volume: 3 start-page: 130 year: 2008 end-page: 137 ident: bib66 article-title: Methodology of the Interventional Management of Stroke III Trial publication-title: Int. J. Stroke – volume: 14 start-page: 731 year: 2008 end-page: 737 ident: bib25 article-title: Activation of PDGF-CC by tissue plasminogen activator impairs blood-brain barrier integrity during ischemic stroke publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 25 start-page: 30 year: 2005 end-page: 40 ident: bib35 article-title: Neuronal activation of NF-κB contributes to cell death in cerebral ischemia publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. – volume: 28 start-page: 1212 year: 2008 end-page: 1221 ident: bib67 article-title: Toward safer thrombolytic agents in stroke: molecular requirements for NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. – volume: 111 start-page: 244 year: 1992 end-page: 248 ident: bib75 article-title: Interactions between the finger and kringle-2 domains of tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 publication-title: J. Biochem. – volume: 283 start-page: 12004 year: 2008 end-page: 12013 ident: bib58 article-title: The functional role of the second NPXY motif of the LRP1 β-chain in tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated activation of publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. – volume: 34 start-page: 537 year: 2003 end-page: 543 ident: bib68 article-title: Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (desmoteplase): a unique fibrinolytic enzyme that does not promote neurodegeneration publication-title: Stroke – volume: 29 start-page: 1409 year: 2008 end-page: 1413 ident: bib4 article-title: The Penumbra System: a mechanical device for the treatment of acute stroke due to thromboembolism publication-title: AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. – volume: 107 start-page: 247 year: 2001 end-page: 254 ident: bib33 article-title: NF-κB in neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders publication-title: J. Clin. Invest. – volume: 50 start-page: 673 year: 2006 end-page: 678 ident: bib46 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator: a multifaceted modulator of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity publication-title: Neuron – volume: 171 start-page: 1281 year: 2007 end-page: 1290 ident: bib37 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator and the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediate cerebral ischemia-induced nuclear factor-κb pathway activation publication-title: Am. J. Pathol. – volume: 110 start-page: 139 year: 1997 end-page: 148 ident: bib12 article-title: The expression of endothelial tissue plasminogen activator publication-title: J. Cell Sci. – volume: 18 start-page: 6853 year: 1999 end-page: 6866 ident: bib30 article-title: Activators and target genes of Rel/NF-κB transcription factors publication-title: Oncogene – volume: 23 start-page: 3224 year: 2003 end-page: 3242 ident: bib8 article-title: Cell type-specific roles for tissue plasminogen activator released by neurons or microglia after excitotoxic injury publication-title: J. Neurosci. – volume: 353 start-page: 65 year: 1999 end-page: 66 ident: bib16 article-title: ECASS-II: intravenous alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke. European Co-operative Acute Stroke Study-II publication-title: Lancet – volume: 120 start-page: 578 year: 2007 end-page: 585 ident: bib51 article-title: Anti-NR1 N-terminal-domain vaccination unmasks the crucial action of tPA on NMDA-receptor-mediated toxicity and spatial memory publication-title: J. Cell Sci. – volume: 36 start-page: 1241 year: 2005 end-page: 1246 ident: bib70 article-title: Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (desmoteplase) inhibits tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced potentiation of excitotoxic injury publication-title: Stroke – volume: 351 start-page: 2170 year: 2004 end-page: 2178 ident: bib65 article-title: Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. – volume: 306 start-page: 487 year: 2004 end-page: 491 ident: bib63 article-title: Cleavage of proBDNF by tPA/plasmin is essential for long-term hippocampal plasticity publication-title: Science – volume: 31 start-page: 3034 year: 2000 end-page: 3040 ident: bib42 article-title: Metalloproteinase inhibition reduces thrombolytic (tissue plasminogen activator)-induced hemorrhage after thromboembolic stroke publication-title: Stroke – volume: 299 start-page: 14 year: 2002 end-page: 17 ident: bib36 article-title: Recombinant adenoviral expression of dominant negative IκBα protects brain from cerebral ischemic injury publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. – volume: 27 start-page: 1738 year: 2007 end-page: 1745 ident: bib49 article-title: Proteolytic activation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 by plasmin underlies excitotoxic neurodegeneration in mice publication-title: J. Neurosci. – volume: 39 start-page: 1205 year: 2008 end-page: 1212 ident: bib3 article-title: Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: final results of the Multi MERCI trial publication-title: Stroke – volume: 101 start-page: 1236 year: 2007 end-page: 1247 ident: bib62 article-title: Non-proteolytic neurotrophic effects of tissue plasminogen activator on cultured mouse cerebrocortical neurons publication-title: J. Neurochem. – volume: 39 start-page: 1246 year: 2008 end-page: 1253 ident: bib64 article-title: Development of a metropolitan matrix of primary stroke centers: the Phoenix experience publication-title: Stroke – volume: 38 start-page: 1036 year: 2007 end-page: 1043 ident: bib69 article-title: Recombinant Desmodus rotundus salivary plasminogen activator crosses the blood-brain barrier through a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-dependent mechanism without exerting neurotoxic effects publication-title: Stroke – volume: 172 start-page: 1355 year: 2008 end-page: 1362 ident: bib27 article-title: Regulated intramembranous proteolysis of the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediates ischemic cell death publication-title: Am. J. Pathol. – volume: 102 start-page: 443 year: 2005 end-page: 448 ident: bib55 article-title: Ethanol-withdrawal seizures are controlled by tissue plasminogen activator via modulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. – volume: 119 start-page: 139 year: 2004 end-page: 173 ident: bib29 article-title: Nuclear factor-κB activation mediates cellular transformation, proliferation, invasion angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer publication-title: Cancer Treat. Res. – volume: 92 start-page: 1 year: 2003 end-page: 12 ident: bib1 article-title: Advances in ischemic stroke epidemiology publication-title: Adv. Neurol. – volume: 111 start-page: 2241 year: 2005 end-page: 2249 ident: bib43 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator crosses the intact blood-brain barrier by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-mediated transcytosis publication-title: Circulation – volume: 7 start-page: 59 year: 2001 end-page: 64 ident: bib9 article-title: The proteolytic activity of tissue-plasminogen activator enhances NMDA receptor-mediated signaling publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 37 start-page: 955 year: 1995 end-page: 961 ident: bib15 article-title: Expression of tissue plasminogen activator in cerebral capillaries: possible fibrinolytic function of the blood-brain barrier publication-title: Neurosurgery – volume: 5 start-page: 392 year: 2004 end-page: 401 ident: bib28 article-title: Shaping the nuclear action of NF-κB publication-title: Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. – volume: 99 start-page: 2440 year: 1999 end-page: 2444 ident: bib6 article-title: Role of plasminogen system components in focal cerebral ischemic infarction: a gene targeting and gene transfer study in mice publication-title: Circulation – volume: 9 start-page: 1313 year: 2003 end-page: 1317 ident: bib41 article-title: Lipoprotein receptor-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase by tissue plasminogen activator publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 333 start-page: 1581 year: 1995 end-page: 1587 ident: bib2 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. – volume: 104 start-page: 13473 year: 2007 end-page: 13478 ident: bib56 article-title: Modulation of NR2B-regulated contextual fear in the hippocampus by the tissue plasminogen activator system publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. – volume: 35 start-page: 998 year: 2004 end-page: 1004 ident: bib21 article-title: Focal cerebral ischemia induces active proteases that degrade microvascular matrix publication-title: Stroke – volume: 12 start-page: 1278 year: 2006 end-page: 1285 ident: bib72 article-title: Activated protein C inhibits tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain hemorrhage publication-title: Nat. Med. – volume: 7 start-page: 59 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib9 article-title: The proteolytic activity of tissue-plasminogen activator enhances NMDA receptor-mediated signaling publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/83358 – volume: 33 start-page: 2711 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib22 article-title: Blood-brain barrier disruption and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression during reperfusion injury: mechanical versus embolic focal ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000033932.34467.97 – volume: 35 start-page: 2418 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib17 article-title: Findings from the reanalysis of the NINDS tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke treatment trial publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000140891.70547.56 – volume: 299 start-page: 14 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib36 article-title: Recombinant adenoviral expression of dominant negative IκBα protects brain from cerebral ischemic injury publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. doi: 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02573-1 – volume: 119 start-page: 139 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib29 article-title: Nuclear factor-κB activation mediates cellular transformation, proliferation, invasion angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer publication-title: Cancer Treat. Res. doi: 10.1007/1-4020-7847-1_8 – volume: 24 start-page: 9734 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib53 article-title: Regulation of brain proteolytic activity is necessary for the in vivo function of NMDA receptors publication-title: J. Neurosci. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3306-04.2004 – volume: 91 start-page: 917 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib48 article-title: Neuronal death in the hippocampus is promoted by plasmin-catalyzed degradation of laminin publication-title: Cell doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80483-3 – volume: 9 start-page: 371 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib52 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator and NMDA receptor cleavage publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/nm0403-371 – volume: 24 start-page: 1706 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib59 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator mediates amyloid-induced neurotoxicity via Erk1/2 activation publication-title: EMBO J. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600650 – volume: 99 start-page: 2440 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib6 article-title: Role of plasminogen system components in focal cerebral ischemic infarction: a gene targeting and gene transfer study in mice publication-title: Circulation doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.99.18.2440 – volume: 35 start-page: 998 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib21 article-title: Focal cerebral ischemia induces active proteases that degrade microvascular matrix publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000119383.76447.05 – volume: 18 start-page: 6853 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib30 article-title: Activators and target genes of Rel/NF-κB transcription factors publication-title: Oncogene doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203239 – volume: 353 start-page: 65 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib16 article-title: ECASS-II: intravenous alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke. European Co-operative Acute Stroke Study-II publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74846-7 – volume: 12 start-page: 1278 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib72 article-title: Activated protein C inhibits tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain hemorrhage publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/nm1498 – volume: 10 start-page: 1379 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib60 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/nm1122 – volume: 28 start-page: 1212 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib67 article-title: Toward safer thrombolytic agents in stroke: molecular requirements for NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2008.14 – volume: 20 start-page: 592 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib32 article-title: Transcription factor nuclear factor-κB is activated in neurons after focal cerebral ischemia publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. doi: 10.1097/00004647-200003000-00017 – volume: 23 start-page: 3224 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib8 article-title: Cell type-specific roles for tissue plasminogen activator released by neurons or microglia after excitotoxic injury publication-title: J. Neurosci. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03234.2003 – volume: 74 start-page: 443 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib34 article-title: Roles of nuclear factor κB in neuronal survival and plasticity publication-title: J. Neurochem. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.740443.x – volume: 39 start-page: 1205 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib3 article-title: Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: final results of the Multi MERCI trial publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.497115 – volume: 5 start-page: 554 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib31 article-title: NF-κB is activated and promotes cell death in focal cerebral ischemia publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/6458 – volume: 27 start-page: 1738 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib49 article-title: Proteolytic activation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 by plasmin underlies excitotoxic neurodegeneration in mice publication-title: J. Neurosci. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4987-06.2007 – volume: 29 start-page: 1409 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib4 article-title: The Penumbra System: a mechanical device for the treatment of acute stroke due to thromboembolism publication-title: AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1110 – volume: 112 start-page: 1533 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib10 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator induces opening of the blood-brain barrier via the LDL receptor-related protein publication-title: J. Clin. Invest. doi: 10.1172/JCI200319212 – volume: 36 start-page: 1065 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib44 article-title: Oxygen glucose deprivation switches the transport of tPA across the blood-brain barrier from an LRP-dependent to an increased LRP-independent process publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000163050.39122.4f – volume: 37 start-page: 955 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib15 article-title: Expression of tissue plasminogen activator in cerebral capillaries: possible fibrinolytic function of the blood-brain barrier publication-title: Neurosurgery doi: 10.1227/00006123-199511000-00015 – volume: 110 start-page: 139 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib12 article-title: The expression of endothelial tissue plasminogen activator in vivo: a function defined by vessel size and anatomic location publication-title: J. Cell Sci. doi: 10.1242/jcs.110.2.139 – volume: 23 start-page: 879 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib20 article-title: Cerebral microvessel responses to focal ischemia publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. doi: 10.1097/01.WCB.0000078322.96027.78 – volume: 27 start-page: 155 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib45 article-title: Equivocal roles of tissue-type plasminogen activator in stroke-induced injury publication-title: Trends Neurosci. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2003.12.011 – volume: 377 start-page: 340 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib47 article-title: Excitotoxin-induced neuronal degeneration and seizure are mediated by tissue plasminogen activator publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/377340a0 – volume: 171 start-page: 1281 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib37 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator and the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediate cerebral ischemia-induced nuclear factor-κb pathway activation publication-title: Am. J. Pathol. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2007.070472 – volume: 104 start-page: 13473 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib56 article-title: Modulation of NR2B-regulated contextual fear in the hippocampus by the tissue plasminogen activator system publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0705848104 – volume: 417 start-page: 1 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib23 article-title: Induction of matrix metalloproteinase, cytokines and chemokines in rat cortical astrocytes exposed to plasminogen activators publication-title: Neurosci. Lett. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.01.017 – volume: 105 start-page: 3545 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib38 article-title: Endothelial expression of E-selectin is induced by the platelet-specific chemokine platelet factor 4 through LRP in an NF-κB-dependent manner publication-title: Blood doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-07-2617 – volume: 333 start-page: 1581 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib2 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199512143332401 – volume: 4 start-page: 228 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib5 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) increases neuronal damage after focal cerebral ischemia in wild-type and tPA-deficient mice publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/nm0298-228 – volume: 50 start-page: 673 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib46 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator: a multifaceted modulator of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity publication-title: Neuron doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.04.013 – volume: 43 start-page: 909 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib14 article-title: Immunohistochemical localization of tissue plasminogen activator in vascular endothelium of stroke-prone regions of the rat brain publication-title: Neurosurgery doi: 10.1097/00006123-199810000-00107 – volume: 25 start-page: 338 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib24 article-title: Thrombolytic toxicity: blood brain barrier disruption in human ischemic stroke publication-title: Cerebrovasc. Dis. doi: 10.1159/000118379 – volume: 14 start-page: 731 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib25 article-title: Activation of PDGF-CC by tissue plasminogen activator impairs blood-brain barrier integrity during ischemic stroke publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/nm1787 – volume: 31 start-page: 3034 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib42 article-title: Metalloproteinase inhibition reduces thrombolytic (tissue plasminogen activator)-induced hemorrhage after thromboembolic stroke publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.31.12.3034 – volume: 172 start-page: 1355 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib27 article-title: Regulated intramembranous proteolysis of the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediates ischemic cell death publication-title: Am. J. Pathol. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070975 – volume: 283 start-page: 12004 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib58 article-title: The functional role of the second NPXY motif of the LRP1 β-chain in tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M707607200 – volume: 39 start-page: 1246 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib64 article-title: Development of a metropolitan matrix of primary stroke centers: the Phoenix experience publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.500678 – volume: 105 start-page: 1073 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib40 article-title: Key role of tissue plasminogen activator in neurovascular coupling publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708823105 – volume: 5 start-page: 392 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib28 article-title: Shaping the nuclear action of NF-κB publication-title: Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. doi: 10.1038/nrm1368 – volume: 107 start-page: 247 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib33 article-title: NF-κB in neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders publication-title: J. Clin. Invest. doi: 10.1172/JCI11916 – volume: 5 start-page: 73 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib73 article-title: Activated protein C publication-title: J. Thromb. Haemost. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02491.x – volume: 111 start-page: 244 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib75 article-title: Interactions between the finger and kringle-2 domains of tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 publication-title: J. Biochem. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123744 – volume: 7 start-page: 41 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib19 article-title: Astrocyte–endothelial interactions at the blood–brain barrier publication-title: Nat. Rev. Neurosci. doi: 10.1038/nrn1824 – volume: 34 start-page: 537 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib68 article-title: Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (desmoteplase): a unique fibrinolytic enzyme that does not promote neurodegeneration publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000049764.49162.76 – volume: 38 start-page: 1036 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib69 article-title: Recombinant Desmodus rotundus salivary plasminogen activator crosses the blood-brain barrier through a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-dependent mechanism without exerting neurotoxic effects publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000258100.04923.84 – volume: 36 start-page: 1241 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib70 article-title: Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (desmoteplase) inhibits tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced potentiation of excitotoxic injury publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000166050.84056.48 – volume: 279 start-page: 50850 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib50 article-title: Arginine 260 of the amino-terminal domain of NR1 subunit is critical for tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated enhancement of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor signaling publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M407069200 – volume: 109 start-page: 3270 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib26 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated shedding of astrocytic low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein increases the permeability of the neurovascular unit publication-title: Blood doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-08-043125 – volume: 120 start-page: 578 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib51 article-title: Anti-NR1 N-terminal-domain vaccination unmasks the crucial action of tPA on NMDA-receptor-mediated toxicity and spatial memory publication-title: J. Cell Sci. doi: 10.1242/jcs.03354 – volume: 92 start-page: 1 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib1 article-title: Advances in ischemic stroke epidemiology publication-title: Adv. Neurol. – volume: 22 start-page: 3352 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib11 article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator mediates microglial activation via its finger domain through annexin II publication-title: J. Neurosci. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-09-03352.2002 – volume: 351 start-page: 2170 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib65 article-title: Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa041175 – volume: 38 start-page: 2215 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib18 article-title: Thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke: the likelihood of being helped versus harmed publication-title: Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.494112 – volume: 9 start-page: 1313 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib41 article-title: Lipoprotein receptor-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase by tissue plasminogen activator publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/nm926 – volume: 102 start-page: 443 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib55 article-title: Ethanol-withdrawal seizures are controlled by tissue plasminogen activator via modulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0406454102 – volume: 306 start-page: 487 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib63 article-title: Cleavage of proBDNF by tPA/plasmin is essential for long-term hippocampal plasticity publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1100135 – volume: 98 start-page: 1458 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib61 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator rescues neurones from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis through a mechanism independent of its proteolytic activity publication-title: J. Neurochem. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03982.x – volume: 119 start-page: 339 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib57 article-title: Nitric oxide mediates neurodegeneration and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in tPA-dependent excitotoxic injury in mice publication-title: J. Cell Sci. doi: 10.1242/jcs.02734 – volume: 96 start-page: 569 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib7 article-title: Neuroserpin reduces cerebral infarct volume and protects neurons from ischemia-induced apoptosis publication-title: Blood doi: 10.1182/blood.V96.2.569 – volume: 25 start-page: 30 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib35 article-title: Neuronal activation of NF-κB contributes to cell death in cerebral ischemia publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. doi: 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600004 – volume: 28 start-page: 65 year: 1972 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib74 article-title: Differences in the binding to fibrin of urokinase and tissue plasminogen activator publication-title: Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1649042 – volume: 281 start-page: 2120 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib39 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator acts as a cytokine that triggers intracellular signal transduction and induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M504988200 – volume: 9 start-page: 1150 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib71 article-title: Neutralizing the neurotoxic effects of exogenous and endogenous tPA publication-title: Nat. Neurosci. doi: 10.1038/nn1757 – volume: 101 start-page: 1236 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib62 article-title: Non-proteolytic neurotrophic effects of tissue plasminogen activator on cultured mouse cerebrocortical neurons publication-title: J. Neurochem. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04417.x – volume: 3 start-page: 130 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib66 article-title: Methodology of the Interventional Management of Stroke III Trial publication-title: Int. J. Stroke doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2008.00151.x – volume: 111 start-page: 2241 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib43 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator crosses the intact blood-brain barrier by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-mediated transcytosis publication-title: Circulation doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000163542.48611.A2 – volume: 107 start-page: 1091 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib54 article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator requires a co-receptor to enhance N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor function publication-title: J. Neurochem. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05687.x – volume: 144 start-page: 855 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006_bib13 article-title: Localization of tissue plasminogen activator in the endothelium of a limited number of vessels publication-title: Am. J. Pathol.
SSID	ssj0014814
Score	2.420668
SecondaryResourceType	review_article
Snippet	Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence...
SourceID	hal proquest pubmed pascalfrancis crossref elsevier
SourceType	Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	48
SubjectTerms	Animals Biological and medical sciences Brain Brain Ischemia - drug therapy Fibrinolytic Agents - pharmacology Fibrinolytic Agents - therapeutic use Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects. Models. Methods Humans Life Sciences Medical sciences Neurology Neurons Neurons and Cognition Neurosciences Stroke Tissue Plasminogen Activator - pharmacology Tissue Plasminogen Activator - therapeutic use Tissues Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
Title	Tissue-type plasminogen activator in the ischemic brain: more than a thrombolytic
URI	https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0166223608002270 https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0166223608002270 https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2008.09.006 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18963068 https://www.proquest.com/docview/218732139 https://www.proquest.com/docview/20279986 https://www.proquest.com/docview/66844953 https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-01296642
Volume	32
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000263382700007&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021 customDbUrl: eissn: 1878-108X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0014814 issn: 0166-2236 databaseCode: AIEXJ dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1bb9MwFLa6DSEkhGDjEgbDD8BLFZRbY5u3MjZ1sFVjDFSeLMdJRKY2rZq22n4G_5hjO0mzsY7xwEtUJXHq5Hw5t3w-B6HXVApCHUFtkjIIUDzp2gLskC1CsPeRFDSKhW42Qfp9Ohiw41brV7UWZjEkeU7Pz9nkv4oa9oGw1dLZfxB3fVHYAb9B6LAFscP2doLXj9LWudUJ-MajLB_DybpqxkKF2BW1MYPAVlPjI9UmQqUGFOm2rXLpbaEb-Iyi8fBilsmmB7sk0TZKYZrc7Ynuaz9tJ_G7RoLhRzIxquhI5POkJnScjOdFYSgCH5J8nM2W3OOuWbK9K6aNj_7fM7DgpYo01VCW2Qp2JVtRLaNpZjTD0AYfpayHbbQwVaGto3sO_6njTbrhDEx6XpRkWFVz9JqC2r3uV378cZ8fHvQ_Xz7aYCH2uoewhWuBJbRVWi6EkGwBAfWGRzoMFOVG92Bv8Kn-NBXQqmC8mXe5EsuQBq_OaZW3s_ZT0W7vT0QBb2JqWqisjnG0r3P6ED0ogxTcNeB6hFpJvom2ujmgZ3SB32JNG9bfYzbR3aOSnbGFvjSghxvQwzX0cJZjgB6uoIc19N5jBTysgIcFbgLvMfq2v3e627PLlh22DDvuzE46UnRc6fhR4gs_ED4FFQ8mApxwQRzJWMxYELk0deNY-DHxnFS4SRqTNJJEgDf7BK3n4zx5hnBAZRB5klFJnQBcOQauepr6NI5ZFMSBsJBbPVouy3r2qq3KkFfExTOuxFE2WmUcxGGhdj1mYqq53Hi2X0mMV-uUwbJyAOKNo8h1o5Ki1BEFd3nhcUfxKsNQIUgHbR5xLNSpR5Zvr_Fr__qPbwBO9Q2pgvEAam4gzZeQttDOJcDVIzzXhUl4cKHtCoG8ni3EAMT3IFC00Kv6KNgg9WFR5AkoC64SqIzRcPUZYUgDxWS30FMD7OXjp-ACOCF9fsub2Eb3lnrlBVqfTefJS3RHLmZZMd1Ba2RAd8pX9jcOIhId
linkProvider	Elsevier
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tissue-type+plasminogen+activator+in+the+ischemic+brain%3A+more+than+a+thrombolytic&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+neurosciences+%28Regular+ed.%29&rft.au=Yepes%2C+Manuel&rft.au=Roussel%2C+Benoit+D&rft.au=Ali%2C+Carine&rft.au=Vivien%2C+Denis&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.issn=0166-2236&rft.eissn=1878-108X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tins.2008.09.006&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK&rft.externalDocID=oai%3AHAL%3Ainserm-01296642v1
thumbnail_m	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/custom?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.clinicalkey.com%2Fck-thumbnails%2F01662236%2FS0166223608X00141%2Fcov150h.gif