Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for identification of patients with hyperventilation syndrome

Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased VE/VCO2 may be associated with other disorders which nee...

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Vydáno v:PloS one Ročník 14; číslo 4; s. e0215997
Hlavní autoři: Brat, Kristian, Stastna, Nela, Merta, Zdenek, Olson, Lyle J., Johnson, Bruce D., Cundrle, Ivan
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States Public Library of Science 23.04.2019
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ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Abstract Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased VE/VCO2 may be associated with other disorders which need to be distinguished from HVS. A more specific marker of HVS by CPET would be clinically useful. We hypothesized ventilatory control during exercise is abnormal in patients with HVS. Patients who underwent CPET from years 2015 through 2017 were retrospectively identified and formed the study group. HVS was defined as dyspnea with respiratory alkalosis (pH >7.45) at peak exercise with absence of acute or chronic respiratory, heart or psychiatric disease. Healthy patients were selected as controls. For comparison the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used. Data are summarized as mean ± SD or median (IQR); p<0.05 was considered significant. Twenty-nine patients with HVS were identified and 29 control subjects were selected. At rest, end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) was 27 mmHg (25-30) for HVS patients vs. 30 mmHg (28-32); in controls (p = 0.05). At peak exercise PETCO2 was also significantly lower (27 ± 4 mmHg vs. 35 ± 4 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 higher ((38 (35-43) vs. 31 (27-34); p<0.01)) in patients with HVS. In contrast to controls, there were minimal changes of PETCO2 (0.50 ± 5.26 mmHg vs. 6.2 ± 4.6 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 ((0.17 (-4.24-6.02) vs. -6.6 (-11.4-(-2.8)); p<0.01)) during exercise in patients with HVS. The absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise was specific for HVS (83% and 93%, respectively). Absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise may identify patients with HVS.
AbstractList IntroductionMeasurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased VE/VCO2 may be associated with other disorders which need to be distinguished from HVS. A more specific marker of HVS by CPET would be clinically useful. We hypothesized ventilatory control during exercise is abnormal in patients with HVS.MethodsPatients who underwent CPET from years 2015 through 2017 were retrospectively identified and formed the study group. HVS was defined as dyspnea with respiratory alkalosis (pH >7.45) at peak exercise with absence of acute or chronic respiratory, heart or psychiatric disease. Healthy patients were selected as controls. For comparison the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used. Data are summarized as mean ± SD or median (IQR); p<0.05 was considered significant.ResultsTwenty-nine patients with HVS were identified and 29 control subjects were selected. At rest, end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) was 27 mmHg (25-30) for HVS patients vs. 30 mmHg (28-32); in controls (p = 0.05). At peak exercise PETCO2 was also significantly lower (27 ± 4 mmHg vs. 35 ± 4 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 higher ((38 (35-43) vs. 31 (27-34); p<0.01)) in patients with HVS. In contrast to controls, there were minimal changes of PETCO2 (0.50 ± 5.26 mmHg vs. 6.2 ± 4.6 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 ((0.17 (-4.24-6.02) vs. -6.6 (-11.4-(-2.8)); p<0.01)) during exercise in patients with HVS. The absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise was specific for HVS (83% and 93%, respectively).ConclusionAbsence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise may identify patients with HVS.
Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 ), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 may be associated with other disorders which need to be distinguished from HVS. A more specific marker of HVS by CPET would be clinically useful. We hypothesized ventilatory control during exercise is abnormal in patients with HVS. Twenty-nine patients with HVS were identified and 29 control subjects were selected. At rest, end-tidal carbon dioxide (P.sub.ET CO.sub.2) was 27 mmHg (25-30) for HVS patients vs. 30 mmHg (28-32); in controls (p = 0.05). At peak exercise P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 was also significantly lower (27 ± 4 mmHg vs. 35 ± 4 mmHg; p<0.01) and V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 higher ((38 (35-43) vs. 31 (27-34); p<0.01)) in patients with HVS. In contrast to controls, there were minimal changes of P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 (0.50 ± 5.26 mmHg vs. 6.2 ± 4.6 mmHg; p<0.01) and V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 ((0.17 (-4.24-6.02) vs. -6.6 (-11.4-(-2.8)); p<0.01)) during exercise in patients with HVS. The absence of V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 and P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 change during exercise was specific for HVS (83% and 93%, respectively). Absence of V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 and P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 change during exercise may identify patients with HVS.
Introduction Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 ), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 may be associated with other disorders which need to be distinguished from HVS. A more specific marker of HVS by CPET would be clinically useful. We hypothesized ventilatory control during exercise is abnormal in patients with HVS. Methods Patients who underwent CPET from years 2015 through 2017 were retrospectively identified and formed the study group. HVS was defined as dyspnea with respiratory alkalosis (pH >7.45) at peak exercise with absence of acute or chronic respiratory, heart or psychiatric disease. Healthy patients were selected as controls. For comparison the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used. Data are summarized as mean ± SD or median (IQR); p<0.05 was considered significant. Results Twenty-nine patients with HVS were identified and 29 control subjects were selected. At rest, end-tidal carbon dioxide (P.sub.ET CO.sub.2) was 27 mmHg (25-30) for HVS patients vs. 30 mmHg (28-32); in controls (p = 0.05). At peak exercise P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 was also significantly lower (27 ± 4 mmHg vs. 35 ± 4 mmHg; p<0.01) and V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 higher ((38 (35-43) vs. 31 (27-34); p<0.01)) in patients with HVS. In contrast to controls, there were minimal changes of P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 (0.50 ± 5.26 mmHg vs. 6.2 ± 4.6 mmHg; p<0.01) and V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 ((0.17 (-4.24-6.02) vs. -6.6 (-11.4-(-2.8)); p<0.01)) during exercise in patients with HVS. The absence of V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 and P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 change during exercise was specific for HVS (83% and 93%, respectively). Conclusion Absence of V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 and P.sub.ET CO.sub.2 change during exercise may identify patients with HVS.
Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased VE/VCO2 may be associated with other disorders which need to be distinguished from HVS. A more specific marker of HVS by CPET would be clinically useful. We hypothesized ventilatory control during exercise is abnormal in patients with HVS. Patients who underwent CPET from years 2015 through 2017 were retrospectively identified and formed the study group. HVS was defined as dyspnea with respiratory alkalosis (pH >7.45) at peak exercise with absence of acute or chronic respiratory, heart or psychiatric disease. Healthy patients were selected as controls. For comparison the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used. Data are summarized as mean ± SD or median (IQR); p<0.05 was considered significant. Twenty-nine patients with HVS were identified and 29 control subjects were selected. At rest, end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) was 27 mmHg (25-30) for HVS patients vs. 30 mmHg (28-32); in controls (p = 0.05). At peak exercise PETCO2 was also significantly lower (27 ± 4 mmHg vs. 35 ± 4 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 higher ((38 (35-43) vs. 31 (27-34); p<0.01)) in patients with HVS. In contrast to controls, there were minimal changes of PETCO2 (0.50 ± 5.26 mmHg vs. 6.2 ± 4.6 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 ((0.17 (-4.24-6.02) vs. -6.6 (-11.4-(-2.8)); p<0.01)) during exercise in patients with HVS. The absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise was specific for HVS (83% and 93%, respectively). Absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise may identify patients with HVS.
Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased VE/VCO2 may be associated with other disorders which need to be distinguished from HVS. A more specific marker of HVS by CPET would be clinically useful. We hypothesized ventilatory control during exercise is abnormal in patients with HVS.INTRODUCTIONMeasurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been proposed as a screen for hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, increased VE/VCO2 may be associated with other disorders which need to be distinguished from HVS. A more specific marker of HVS by CPET would be clinically useful. We hypothesized ventilatory control during exercise is abnormal in patients with HVS.Patients who underwent CPET from years 2015 through 2017 were retrospectively identified and formed the study group. HVS was defined as dyspnea with respiratory alkalosis (pH >7.45) at peak exercise with absence of acute or chronic respiratory, heart or psychiatric disease. Healthy patients were selected as controls. For comparison the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used. Data are summarized as mean ± SD or median (IQR); p<0.05 was considered significant.METHODSPatients who underwent CPET from years 2015 through 2017 were retrospectively identified and formed the study group. HVS was defined as dyspnea with respiratory alkalosis (pH >7.45) at peak exercise with absence of acute or chronic respiratory, heart or psychiatric disease. Healthy patients were selected as controls. For comparison the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used. Data are summarized as mean ± SD or median (IQR); p<0.05 was considered significant.Twenty-nine patients with HVS were identified and 29 control subjects were selected. At rest, end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) was 27 mmHg (25-30) for HVS patients vs. 30 mmHg (28-32); in controls (p = 0.05). At peak exercise PETCO2 was also significantly lower (27 ± 4 mmHg vs. 35 ± 4 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 higher ((38 (35-43) vs. 31 (27-34); p<0.01)) in patients with HVS. In contrast to controls, there were minimal changes of PETCO2 (0.50 ± 5.26 mmHg vs. 6.2 ± 4.6 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 ((0.17 (-4.24-6.02) vs. -6.6 (-11.4-(-2.8)); p<0.01)) during exercise in patients with HVS. The absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise was specific for HVS (83% and 93%, respectively).RESULTSTwenty-nine patients with HVS were identified and 29 control subjects were selected. At rest, end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) was 27 mmHg (25-30) for HVS patients vs. 30 mmHg (28-32); in controls (p = 0.05). At peak exercise PETCO2 was also significantly lower (27 ± 4 mmHg vs. 35 ± 4 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 higher ((38 (35-43) vs. 31 (27-34); p<0.01)) in patients with HVS. In contrast to controls, there were minimal changes of PETCO2 (0.50 ± 5.26 mmHg vs. 6.2 ± 4.6 mmHg; p<0.01) and VE/VCO2 ((0.17 (-4.24-6.02) vs. -6.6 (-11.4-(-2.8)); p<0.01)) during exercise in patients with HVS. The absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise was specific for HVS (83% and 93%, respectively).Absence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise may identify patients with HVS.CONCLUSIONAbsence of VE/VCO2 and PETCO2 change during exercise may identify patients with HVS.
Audience Academic
Author Stastna, Nela
Merta, Zdenek
Cundrle, Ivan
Brat, Kristian
Johnson, Bruce D.
Olson, Lyle J.
AuthorAffiliation Plymouth State University, UNITED STATES
1 Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
4 Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
2 Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
5 International Clinical Research Center, Brno, Czech Republic
3 Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 5 International Clinical Research Center, Brno, Czech Republic
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– name: 3 Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
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Snippet Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET)...
Introduction Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 ), by cardiopulmonary...
Measurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (V.sub.E /VCO.sub.2 ), by cardiopulmonary exercise...
IntroductionMeasurement of ventilatory efficiency, defined as minute ventilation per unit carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), by cardiopulmonary exercise...
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StartPage e0215997
SubjectTerms Adult
Alkalosis
Carbon dioxide
Carbon Dioxide - metabolism
Diagnosis
Dyspnea - physiopathology
Exercise Test
Exercise tests
Exercise Tolerance
Female
Heart Failure - physiopathology
Humans
Hyperventilation
Hyperventilation - diagnosis
Hyperventilation - physiopathology
Male
Middle Aged
Oxygen Consumption - physiology
T-tests
Title Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for identification of patients with hyperventilation syndrome
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6478351
https://doaj.org/article/c7d33bceff6348289ba1f33018ea575f
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