Agglomeration Effects in Foreign Direct Investment and the Pollution Haven Hypothesis

Does environmental regulation impair international competitiveness of pollution-intensive industries to the extent that they relocate to countries with less stringent regulation, turning those countries into “pollution havens”? We test this hypothesis using panel data on outward foreign direct inves...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental & resource economics Vol. 43; no. 2; pp. 231 - 256
Main Authors:	Wagner, Ulrich J, Timmins, Christopher D
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands 01.06.2009 Springer Netherlands European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Springer Nature B.V
Series:	Environmental & Resource Economics
Subjects:	Agglomeration Agglomeration effects Agreements Chemical industry Competition Competitive advantage Competitiveness Congestion effects Econometrics Economic Policy Economics Economics and Finance Endogenous Environmental Economics environmental law Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice Environmental Management Environmental protection Environmental regulation Environmental regulations Expenditures Externality F18 F23 Foreign direct investment Foreign investment German manufacturing Germany Hypotheses Industrial concentration International trade Manufacturing Manufacturing industry Panel data Plant location Pollution Pollution control Pollution havens Q52 Regulation Studies Germany Congestion effects Panel data German manufacturing F23 Foreign direct investment Agglomeration effects Environmental regulation F18 Pollution havens Q52
ISSN:	0924-6460, 1573-1502
Online Access:	Get full text
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