The prevalence and correlates of depression before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration among urban refugee adolescents and youth in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda: A longitudinal cohort study
There is scant research examining urban refugee youth mental health outcomes, including potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine prevalence and ecosocial risk factors of depression in the periods before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration among urban refugee youth in Kampala, U...
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| Vydáno v: | Annals of Epidemiology Ročník 66; s. 37 - 43 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
Elsevier Inc
01.02.2022
Elsevier BV The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc |
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| ISSN: | 1047-2797, 1873-2585, 1873-2585 |
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| Abstract | There is scant research examining urban refugee youth mental health outcomes, including potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine prevalence and ecosocial risk factors of depression in the periods before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda.
Data from a cohort of refugee youth (n = 367) aged 16–24 years were collected in periods before (February 2020) and after (December 2020) the WHO COVID-19 pandemic declaration. We developed crude and adjusted generalized estimating equation logistic regression models to examine demographic and ecosocial factors (food insecurity, social support, intimate partner violence) associated with depression, and include time-ecosocial interactions to examine if associations differed before and after the pandemic declaration.
The prevalence of depression was high, but there was no significant difference before (27.5%), and after (28.9%) the pandemic declaration (P = .583). In adjusted models, food insecurity (aOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.21–5.33) and experiencing violence (aOR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.07–5.96) were associated with increased depression, and social support was associated with decreased depression (aOR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81–0.89).
These findings highlight the urgent need for interventions to address chronic depression, food insecurity, and ongoing effects of violence exposure among urban refugee youth in Kampala. |
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| AbstractList | There is scant research examining urban refugee youth mental health outcomes, including potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine prevalence and ecosocial risk factors of depression in the periods before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda.
Data from a cohort of refugee youth (n = 367) aged 16–24 years were collected in periods before (February 2020) and after (December 2020) the WHO COVID-19 pandemic declaration. We developed crude and adjusted generalized estimating equation logistic regression models to examine demographic and ecosocial factors (food insecurity, social support, intimate partner violence) associated with depression, and include time-ecosocial interactions to examine if associations differed before and after the pandemic declaration.
The prevalence of depression was high, but there was no significant difference before (27.5%), and after (28.9%) the pandemic declaration (P = .583). In adjusted models, food insecurity (aOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.21–5.33) and experiencing violence (aOR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.07–5.96) were associated with increased depression, and social support was associated with decreased depression (aOR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81–0.89).
These findings highlight the urgent need for interventions to address chronic depression, food insecurity, and ongoing effects of violence exposure among urban refugee youth in Kampala. There is scant research examining urban refugee youth mental health outcomes, including potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine prevalence and ecosocial risk factors of depression in the periods before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda.PURPOSEThere is scant research examining urban refugee youth mental health outcomes, including potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine prevalence and ecosocial risk factors of depression in the periods before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda.Data from a cohort of refugee youth (n = 367) aged 16-24 years were collected in periods before (February 2020) and after (December 2020) the WHO COVID-19 pandemic declaration. We developed crude and adjusted generalized estimating equation logistic regression models to examine demographic and ecosocial factors (food insecurity, social support, intimate partner violence) associated with depression, and include time-ecosocial interactions to examine if associations differed before and after the pandemic declaration.METHODSData from a cohort of refugee youth (n = 367) aged 16-24 years were collected in periods before (February 2020) and after (December 2020) the WHO COVID-19 pandemic declaration. We developed crude and adjusted generalized estimating equation logistic regression models to examine demographic and ecosocial factors (food insecurity, social support, intimate partner violence) associated with depression, and include time-ecosocial interactions to examine if associations differed before and after the pandemic declaration.The prevalence of depression was high, but there was no significant difference before (27.5%), and after (28.9%) the pandemic declaration (P = .583). In adjusted models, food insecurity (aOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.21-5.33) and experiencing violence (aOR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.07-5.96) were associated with increased depression, and social support was associated with decreased depression (aOR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81-0.89).RESULTSThe prevalence of depression was high, but there was no significant difference before (27.5%), and after (28.9%) the pandemic declaration (P = .583). In adjusted models, food insecurity (aOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.21-5.33) and experiencing violence (aOR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.07-5.96) were associated with increased depression, and social support was associated with decreased depression (aOR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81-0.89).These findings highlight the urgent need for interventions to address chronic depression, food insecurity, and ongoing effects of violence exposure among urban refugee youth in Kampala.CONCLUSIONSThese findings highlight the urgent need for interventions to address chronic depression, food insecurity, and ongoing effects of violence exposure among urban refugee youth in Kampala. |
| Author | Hakiza, Robert Logie, Carmen H. Berry, Isha Loutet, Miranda Mbuagbaw, Lawrence Musoke, Daniel Kibuuka McNamee, Clara Mwima, Simon Okumu, Moses Kyambadde, Peter |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Carmen H. orcidid: 0000-0002-8035-433X surname: Logie fullname: Logie, Carmen H. email: carmen.logie@utoronto.ca organization: Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Isha surname: Berry fullname: Berry, Isha organization: Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: Moses orcidid: 0000-0003-2555-3077 surname: Okumu fullname: Okumu, Moses organization: School of Social Work, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Miranda surname: Loutet fullname: Loutet, Miranda organization: Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 5 givenname: Clara orcidid: 0000-0001-7863-4108 surname: McNamee fullname: McNamee, Clara organization: Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 6 givenname: Robert surname: Hakiza fullname: Hakiza, Robert organization: Young African Refugees for Integral Development (YARID), Kampala, Uganda – sequence: 7 givenname: Daniel Kibuuka surname: Musoke fullname: Musoke, Daniel Kibuuka organization: International Research Consortium (IRC), Kampala, Uganda – sequence: 8 givenname: Simon orcidid: 0000-0003-2745-2026 surname: Mwima fullname: Mwima, Simon organization: National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda – sequence: 9 givenname: Peter surname: Kyambadde fullname: Kyambadde, Peter organization: National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda – sequence: 10 givenname: Lawrence surname: Mbuagbaw fullname: Mbuagbaw, Lawrence organization: Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada |
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| Keywords | Urban Violence Depression Youth Food insecurity Refugees Adolescents |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adolescents Adult Cohort Studies COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Depression Depression - epidemiology Food insecurity Humans Longitudinal Studies Original Pandemics Prevalence Refugees Uganda Uganda - epidemiology Urban Violence Young Adult Youth |
| Title | The prevalence and correlates of depression before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration among urban refugee adolescents and youth in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda: A longitudinal cohort study |
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