Cytokines: From Clinical Significance to Quantification

Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and p...

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Vydáno v:Advanced science Ročník 8; číslo 15; s. e2004433 - n/a
Hlavní autoři: Liu, Chao, Chu, Dewei, Kalantar‐Zadeh, Kourosh, George, Jacob, Young, Howard A., Liu, Guozhen
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Germany John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.08.2021
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Wiley
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ISSN:2198-3844, 2198-3844
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Abstract Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and pathological processes and can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment. Cytokines and their clinical significance are introduced from the perspective of their pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory effects. Factors affecting cytokines quantification in biological fluids, native levels in different body fluids, sample processing and storage conditions, sensitivity to freeze‐thaw, and soluble cytokine receptors are discussed. In addition, recent advances in in vitro and in vivo assays, biosensors based on different signal outputs and intracellular to extracellular protein expression are summarized. Various quantification platforms for high‐sensitivity and reliable measurement of cytokines in different scenarios are discussed, and commercially available cytokine assays are compared. A discussion of challenges in the development and advancement of technologies for cytokine quantification that aim to achieve real‐time multiplex cytokine analysis for point‐of‐care situations applicable for both biomedical research and clinical practice are discussed. Cytokines are important cellular signaling molecules and immune system mediators. Abnormal cytokine levels may cause cytokine storm and diseases. Consequently, quantification of cytokines is valuable for diseases diagnosisand therapy. The clinical significance of cytokines, factors affecting cytokine quantification, and advances of cytokine detection are summarized, providing a prospective for real‐time quantification of multiplex cytokines in the clinic.
AbstractList Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and pathological processes and can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment. Cytokines and their clinical significance are introduced from the perspective of their pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory effects. Factors affecting cytokines quantification in biological fluids, native levels in different body fluids, sample processing and storage conditions, sensitivity to freeze‐thaw, and soluble cytokine receptors are discussed. In addition, recent advances in in vitro and in vivo assays, biosensors based on different signal outputs and intracellular to extracellular protein expression are summarized. Various quantification platforms for high‐sensitivity and reliable measurement of cytokines in different scenarios are discussed, and commercially available cytokine assays are compared. A discussion of challenges in the development and advancement of technologies for cytokine quantification that aim to achieve real‐time multiplex cytokine analysis for point‐of‐care situations applicable for both biomedical research and clinical practice are discussed. Cytokines are important cellular signaling molecules and immune system mediators. Abnormal cytokine levels may cause cytokine storm and diseases. Consequently, quantification of cytokines is valuable for diseases diagnosisand therapy. The clinical significance of cytokines, factors affecting cytokine quantification, and advances of cytokine detection are summarized, providing a prospective for real‐time quantification of multiplex cytokines in the clinic.
Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and pathological processes and can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment. Cytokines and their clinical significance are introduced from the perspective of their pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Factors affecting cytokines quantification in biological fluids, native levels in different body fluids, sample processing and storage conditions, sensitivity to freeze-thaw, and soluble cytokine receptors are discussed. In addition, recent advances in in vitro and in vivo assays, biosensors based on different signal outputs and intracellular to extracellular protein expression are summarized. Various quantification platforms for high-sensitivity and reliable measurement of cytokines in different scenarios are discussed, and commercially available cytokine assays are compared. A discussion of challenges in the development and advancement of technologies for cytokine quantification that aim to achieve real-time multiplex cytokine analysis for point-of-care situations applicable for both biomedical research and clinical practice are discussed.Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and pathological processes and can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment. Cytokines and their clinical significance are introduced from the perspective of their pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Factors affecting cytokines quantification in biological fluids, native levels in different body fluids, sample processing and storage conditions, sensitivity to freeze-thaw, and soluble cytokine receptors are discussed. In addition, recent advances in in vitro and in vivo assays, biosensors based on different signal outputs and intracellular to extracellular protein expression are summarized. Various quantification platforms for high-sensitivity and reliable measurement of cytokines in different scenarios are discussed, and commercially available cytokine assays are compared. A discussion of challenges in the development and advancement of technologies for cytokine quantification that aim to achieve real-time multiplex cytokine analysis for point-of-care situations applicable for both biomedical research and clinical practice are discussed.
Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and pathological processes and can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment. Cytokines and their clinical significance are introduced from the perspective of their pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory effects. Factors affecting cytokines quantification in biological fluids, native levels in different body fluids, sample processing and storage conditions, sensitivity to freeze‐thaw, and soluble cytokine receptors are discussed. In addition, recent advances in in vitro and in vivo assays, biosensors based on different signal outputs and intracellular to extracellular protein expression are summarized. Various quantification platforms for high‐sensitivity and reliable measurement of cytokines in different scenarios are discussed, and commercially available cytokine assays are compared. A discussion of challenges in the development and advancement of technologies for cytokine quantification that aim to achieve real‐time multiplex cytokine analysis for point‐of‐care situations applicable for both biomedical research and clinical practice are discussed. Cytokines are important cellular signaling molecules and immune system mediators. Abnormal cytokine levels may cause cytokine storm and diseases. Consequently, quantification of cytokines is valuable for diseases diagnosisand therapy. The clinical significance of cytokines, factors affecting cytokine quantification, and advances of cytokine detection are summarized, providing a prospective for real‐time quantification of multiplex cytokines in the clinic.
Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and pathological processes and can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment. Cytokines and their clinical significance are introduced from the perspective of their pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory effects. Factors affecting cytokines quantification in biological fluids, native levels in different body fluids, sample processing and storage conditions, sensitivity to freeze‐thaw, and soluble cytokine receptors are discussed. In addition, recent advances in in vitro and in vivo assays, biosensors based on different signal outputs and intracellular to extracellular protein expression are summarized. Various quantification platforms for high‐sensitivity and reliable measurement of cytokines in different scenarios are discussed, and commercially available cytokine assays are compared. A discussion of challenges in the development and advancement of technologies for cytokine quantification that aim to achieve real‐time multiplex cytokine analysis for point‐of‐care situations applicable for both biomedical research and clinical practice are discussed.
Abstract Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification of cytokines has significant value in both clinical medicine and biology as the levels provide insights into physiological and pathological processes and can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment. Cytokines and their clinical significance are introduced from the perspective of their pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory effects. Factors affecting cytokines quantification in biological fluids, native levels in different body fluids, sample processing and storage conditions, sensitivity to freeze‐thaw, and soluble cytokine receptors are discussed. In addition, recent advances in in vitro and in vivo assays, biosensors based on different signal outputs and intracellular to extracellular protein expression are summarized. Various quantification platforms for high‐sensitivity and reliable measurement of cytokines in different scenarios are discussed, and commercially available cytokine assays are compared. A discussion of challenges in the development and advancement of technologies for cytokine quantification that aim to achieve real‐time multiplex cytokine analysis for point‐of‐care situations applicable for both biomedical research and clinical practice are discussed.
Author Liu, Chao
Kalantar‐Zadeh, Kourosh
George, Jacob
Chu, Dewei
Young, Howard A.
Liu, Guozhen
AuthorAffiliation 4 Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute at Frederick Frederick MD 21702 USA
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
6 Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
3 Storr Liver Centre Westmead Institute of Medical Research University of Sydney and Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
2 School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
5 School of Life and Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518172 P. R. China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 5 School of Life and Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518172 P. R. China
– name: 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
– name: 3 Storr Liver Centre Westmead Institute of Medical Research University of Sydney and Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
– name: 6 Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
– name: 4 Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute at Frederick Frederick MD 21702 USA
– name: 2 School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Chao
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Chao
  organization: University of New South Wales
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Dewei
  surname: Chu
  fullname: Chu, Dewei
  organization: University of New South Wales
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Kourosh
  surname: Kalantar‐Zadeh
  fullname: Kalantar‐Zadeh, Kourosh
  organization: University of New South Wales
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jacob
  surname: George
  fullname: George, Jacob
  organization: Westmead Hospital
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Howard A.
  surname: Young
  fullname: Young, Howard A.
  email: younghow@mail.nih.gov
  organization: National Cancer Institute at Frederick
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Guozhen
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0556-6404
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Guozhen
  email: liuguozhen@cuhk.edu.cn
  organization: University of New South Wales
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34114369$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords biosensors
cytokines
quantification
in vitro and in vivo assays
clinical significance
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  doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.01.033
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Snippet Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases....
Abstract Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many...
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StartPage e2004433
SubjectTerms Biomarkers - blood
Biosensors
Clinical significance
Coronaviruses
Cytokine storm
cytokines
Cytokines - analysis
Cytokines - blood
Cytokines - pharmacology
Disease
Gene expression
Humans
Immune system
in vitro and in vivo assays
Inflammation
quantification
Real time
Review
Reviews
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Title Cytokines: From Clinical Significance to Quantification
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