Midgut Microbiota of the Malaria Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae and Interactions with Plasmodium falciparum Infection

The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the str...

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Vydané v:PLoS pathogens Ročník 8; číslo 5; s. e1002742
Hlavní autori: Boissière, Anne, Tchioffo, Majoline T., Bachar, Dipankar, Abate, Luc, Marie, Alexandra, Nsango, Sandrine E., Shahbazkia, Hamid R., Awono-Ambene, Parfait H., Levashina, Elena A., Christen, Richard, Morlais, Isabelle
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States Public Library of Science 01.05.2012
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
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ISSN:1553-7374, 1553-7366, 1553-7374
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Abstract The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.
AbstractList   The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.
The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.
The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.
The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission. During their development in the mosquito vector, Plasmodium parasites undergo complex developmental steps and incur severe bottlenecks. The largest parasite losses occur in the mosquito midgut where robust immune responses are activated. Variability in P. falciparum infection levels indicates that parasite transmission is the result of complex interactions between vectors and parasites, which rely on both genetic and environmental factors. However, in contrast to genetically encoded factors, the role of environmental factors in parasite transmission has received little attention. In this study, we characterized the midgut microbiota of mosquitoes derived from diverse breeding sites using pyrosequencing. We show that the composition of the midgut microbiota in adult mosquitoes exhibits great variability, which is likely determined by bacterial richness of the larval habitats. When field mosquitoes were collected at late immature stages in natural breeding sites and the emerging females challenged with Plasmodium falciparum in the laboratory, significant correlation was observed between P. falciparum infection and the presence of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut. Greater understanding of these malaria-bacteria interactions may lead to novel malaria control strategies.
Author Tchioffo, Majoline T.
Shahbazkia, Hamid R.
Marie, Alexandra
Nsango, Sandrine E.
Bachar, Dipankar
Abate, Luc
Morlais, Isabelle
Awono-Ambene, Parfait H.
Christen, Richard
Levashina, Elena A.
Boissière, Anne
AuthorAffiliation Institut Pasteur, France
1 UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224- CNRS 5290- UM1- UM2), Montpellier, France
5 Área Departamental de Engenharia Electrónica e Computação, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
4 CNRS UPR 9022, Inserm U963, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
3 UMR 7138 Systématique Adaptation Evolution, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, France
2 Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Paludisme, IRD-OCEAC, BP288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224- CNRS 5290- UM1- UM2), Montpellier, France
– name: 3 UMR 7138 Systématique Adaptation Evolution, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, France
– name: 4 CNRS UPR 9022, Inserm U963, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
– name: 5 Área Departamental de Engenharia Electrónica e Computação, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
– name: Institut Pasteur, France
– name: 2 Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Paludisme, IRD-OCEAC, BP288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Anne
  surname: Boissière
  fullname: Boissière, Anne
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Majoline T.
  surname: Tchioffo
  fullname: Tchioffo, Majoline T.
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Dipankar
  surname: Bachar
  fullname: Bachar, Dipankar
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Luc
  surname: Abate
  fullname: Abate, Luc
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Alexandra
  surname: Marie
  fullname: Marie, Alexandra
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Sandrine E.
  surname: Nsango
  fullname: Nsango, Sandrine E.
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Hamid R.
  surname: Shahbazkia
  fullname: Shahbazkia, Hamid R.
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Parfait H.
  surname: Awono-Ambene
  fullname: Awono-Ambene, Parfait H.
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Elena A.
  surname: Levashina
  fullname: Levashina, Elena A.
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Richard
  surname: Christen
  fullname: Christen, Richard
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Isabelle
  surname: Morlais
  fullname: Morlais, Isabelle
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22693451$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://hal.science/hal-01546176$$DView record in HAL
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2012 Boissière et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Boissière A, Tchioffo MT, Bachar D, Abate L, Marie A, et al. (2012) Midgut Microbiota of the Malaria Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae and Interactions with Plasmodium falciparum Infection. PLoS Pathog 8(5): e1002742. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002742
Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Boissière et al. 2012
Copyright_xml – notice: 2012 Boissière et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Boissière A, Tchioffo MT, Bachar D, Abate L, Marie A, et al. (2012) Midgut Microbiota of the Malaria Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae and Interactions with Plasmodium falciparum Infection. PLoS Pathog 8(5): e1002742. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002742
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Conceived and designed the experiments: AB RC IM. Performed the experiments: AB MTT LA AM SEN PHAA RC IM. Analyzed the data: AB DB LA HRS RC IM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EAL RC IM. Wrote the paper: AB RC IM.
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Snippet The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number...
  The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A...
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StartPage e1002742
SubjectTerms Animals
Anopheles - genetics
Anopheles - immunology
Anopheles - microbiology
Anopheles - parasitology
Aquatic insects
Biodiversity
Biology
Breeding sites
Digestive System - microbiology
Digestive System - parasitology
Disease transmission
Enterobacter - genetics
Enterobacter - immunology
Environmental factors
Flora
Gene Expression Regulation
Genomics
Host-Parasite Interactions
Insect Vectors - genetics
Insect Vectors - immunology
Insect Vectors - microbiology
Larvae
Life Sciences
Malaria
Malaria, Falciparum - genetics
Malaria, Falciparum - immunology
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Microbiology
Mosquitoes
Parasites
Plasmodium falciparum - genetics
Plasmodium falciparum - immunology
Plasmodium falciparum - microbiology
Populations and Evolution
Vector-borne diseases
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Title Midgut Microbiota of the Malaria Mosquito Vector Anopheles gambiae and Interactions with Plasmodium falciparum Infection
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