Sensitization of GSH synthesis by curcumin curtails acrolein-induced alveolar epithelial apoptosis via Keap1 cysteine conjugation: A randomized controlled trial and experimental animal model of pneumonitis

[Display omitted] •Curcumin improves systemic inflammation in subjects residing in an air-polluted area.•Curcumin mitigates acrolein-induced pneumonitis in a preclinical animal model.•Curcumin inhibits acrolein-induced alveolar epithelial apoptosis in a ROS-dependent manner.•Curcumin increases redox...

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Published in:	Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 46; pp. 17 - 29
Main Authors:	Hee Jo, Eun, Eun Moon, Ji, Han Chang, Moon, Jin Lim, Ye, Hyun Park, Jung, Hee Lee, Suk, Rae Cho, Young, Cho, Art E, Pil Pack, Seung, Kim, Hyeon-Wee, Crowley, Liana, Le, Brandy, Nukhet, Aykin-Burns, Chen, Yinfeng, Zhong, Yihang, Zhao, Jiangchao, Li, Ying, Cha, Hanvit, Hoon Pan, Jeong, Kyeom Kim, Jae, Hyup Lee, Jin
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Egypt Elsevier B.V 01.04.2023 Elsevier BV Elsevier
Subjects:	Acrolein Acrolein - pharmacology Air Pollutants Air Pollutants - adverse effects Air Pollutants - analysis Air pollution Animals Apoptosis Body Weight Circulating inflammatory marker COPD Curcumin Curcumin - adverse effects Cysteine Cysteine - adverse effects Cytokines Cytokines - adverse effects Glutathione Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 Medicine (General) Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Models, Animal NF-E2-Related Factor 2 NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - pharmacology Nrf2 Original Pneumonia Pneumonia - chemically induced Pneumonia - drug therapy Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - chemically induced Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - drug therapy Q1-390 R5-920 Science (General) Acrolein Nrf2 Air pollution Curcumin Circulating inflammatory marker Apoptosis Glutathione COPD
ISSN:	2090-1232, 2090-1224, 2090-1224
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Summary:	[Display omitted] •Curcumin improves systemic inflammation in subjects residing in an air-polluted area.•Curcumin mitigates acrolein-induced pneumonitis in a preclinical animal model.•Curcumin inhibits acrolein-induced alveolar epithelial apoptosis in a ROS-dependent manner.•Curcumin increases redox sensing of Nrf2 and thus sensitizes de novo GSH synthesis.•Curcumin-Keap1 cysteine conjugation enhances redox sensing of Nrf2. Epidemiological studies have reported an association between exposures to ambient air pollution and respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pneumonitis is a critical driving factor of COPD and exposure to air pollutants (e.g., acrolein) is associated with increased incidence of pneumonitis. Currently available anti-inflammatory therapies provide little benefit against respiratory diseases. To this end, we investigated the preventive role of curcumin against air pollutant-associated pneumonitis and its underlying mechanism. A total of 40 subjects was recruited from Chengdu, China which is among the top three cities in terms of respiratory mortality related to air pollution. The participants were randomly provided either placebo or curcumin supplements for 2 weeks and blood samples were collected at the baseline and at the end of the intervention to monitor systemic markers. In our follow up mechanistic study, C57BL/6 mice (n = 40) were randomly allocated into 4 groups: Control group (saline + no acrolein), Curcumin only group (curcumin + no acrolein), Acrolein only group (saline + acrolein), and Acrolein + Curcumin group (curcumin + acrolein). Curcumin was orally administered at 100 mg/kg body weight once a day for 10 days, and then the mice were subjected to nasal instillation of acrolein (5 mg/kg body weight). Twelve hours after single acrolein exposure, all mice were euthanized. Curcumin supplementation, with no noticeable adverse responses, reduced circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in association with clinical pneumonitis as positive predictive while improving those of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In the pre-clinical study, curcumin reduced pneumonitis manifestations by suppression of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signaling, which is attributed to enhanced redox sensing of Nrf2 and thus sensitized synthesis and restoration of GSH, at least in part, through curcumin-Keap1 conjugation. Our study collectively suggests that curcumin could provide an effective preventive measure against air pollutant-enhanced pneumonitis and thus COPD.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors equally contributed to this work. These authors equally contributed to this work as corresponding authors.
ISSN:	2090-1232 2090-1224 2090-1224
DOI:	10.1016/j.jare.2022.06.013