Melatonin alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting necroptosis via reducing circulating mtDNA release

Background Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that often leads to severe complications, including acute lung injury (ALI), which carries high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Melatonin (Mel) has shown significant protective effects against sepsis-induced ALI, but its precise m...

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Veröffentlicht in:Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) Jg. 31; H. 1; S. 176 - 15
Hauptverfasser: Peng, Yuce, Xu, Jia, Wei, Lingyu, Luo, Minghao, Chen, Shenglong, Wei, Xuebiao, Luo, Suxin, Su, Zedazhong, Wang, Zhonghua
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London BioMed Central 07.05.2025
BMC
Schlagworte:
Acute Lung Injury - blood
Acute Lung Injury - drug therapy
Acute Lung Injury - etiology
Acute Lung Injury - metabolism
Acute Lung Injury - pathology
ALI
Animals
Biomarkers
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cytokines - blood
Cytokines - metabolism
Disease Models, Animal
DNA, Mitochondrial - blood
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
DNA, Mitochondrial - metabolism
Male
Melatonin
Melatonin - pharmacology
Melatonin - therapeutic use
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Molecular Medicine
mtDNA-STING
Necroptosis
Necroptosis - drug effects
Sepsis
Sepsis - complications
Sepsis - drug therapy
Signal Transduction - drug effects
Sepsis
Melatonin
mtDNA-STING
Necroptosis
ALI
ISSN:1528-3658, 1076-1551, 1528-3658
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Zusammenfassung:Background Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that often leads to severe complications, including acute lung injury (ALI), which carries high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Melatonin (Mel) has shown significant protective effects against sepsis-induced ALI, but its precise mechanism remains unclear. Methods A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was used to induce sepsis in male C57BL/6 mice, which were divided into four groups: Control, Sham, CLP, and CLP + Mel. ALI severity was evaluated via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, lung wet/dry ratio, and serum biomarkers (SP-D, sRAGE). Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were measured in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid using ELISA. Circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) subtypes (D-loop, mt-CO1, mMito) were quantified by real-time PCR. TUNEL staining was performed to assess lung cell apoptosis. Necroptosis and STING pathway activation were analyzed via Western blot and immunofluorescence. Results Sepsis led to increased circulating mtDNA levels and activation of necroptosis signaling pathways. Melatonin treatment alleviated sepsis-induced ALI, improving survival, reducing inflammatory cytokines and mtDNA release, and suppressing necroptosis. Intraperitoneal injection of mtDNA in mice activated necroptosis, while RIP1 inhibitor Nec-1 counteracted mtDNA-induced lung damage and necroptosis in sepsis-induced ALI. Additionally, melatonin significantly inhibited STING pathway activation. Further experiments revealed that STING modulation influenced necroptosis protein expression and mediated melatonin’s protective effects in sepsis-induced ALI. Conclusion Melatonin mitigates sepsis-induced ALI by suppressing necroptosis through inhibition of STING activation and reduction of mtDNA release. These findings suggest melatonin as a potential therapeutic strategy for sepsis-induced ALI.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:1528-3658
1076-1551
1528-3658
DOI:10.1186/s10020-025-01228-z