Cystatin C versus Creatinine in Determining Risk Based on Kidney Function
In this meta-analysis of 16 studies, investigators evaluated the use of cystatin C, alone or with creatinine, to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Measurement of cystatin C improved the prediction of outcomes in chronic kidney disease. The estimated glomerular filtration rat...
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| Vydáno v: | The New England journal of medicine Ročník 369; číslo 10; s. 932 - 943 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Waltham, MA
Massachusetts Medical Society
05.09.2013
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| ISSN: | 0028-4793, 1533-4406, 1533-4406 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | In this meta-analysis of 16 studies, investigators evaluated the use of cystatin C, alone or with creatinine, to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Measurement of cystatin C improved the prediction of outcomes in chronic kidney disease.
The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is the clinical standard for the assessment of kidney function.
1
–
3
The eGFR thresholds for the definition and staging of chronic kidney disease are based on risk,
3
but measurement of creatinine to determine the eGFR has limitations in risk prediction, particularly in patients with reduced muscle mass.
4
Cystatin C has received much attention as an alternative filtration marker with stronger and more linear risk relationships than creatinine.
5
–
7
Several studies have suggested that the addition of cystatin C measurements to creatinine measurements in calculating the eGFR significantly improves the risk classification for death, cardiovascular . . . |
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| AbstractList | In this meta-analysis of 16 studies, investigators evaluated the use of cystatin C, alone or with creatinine, to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Measurement of cystatin C improved the prediction of outcomes in chronic kidney disease.
The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is the clinical standard for the assessment of kidney function.
1
–
3
The eGFR thresholds for the definition and staging of chronic kidney disease are based on risk,
3
but measurement of creatinine to determine the eGFR has limitations in risk prediction, particularly in patients with reduced muscle mass.
4
Cystatin C has received much attention as an alternative filtration marker with stronger and more linear risk relationships than creatinine.
5
–
7
Several studies have suggested that the addition of cystatin C measurements to creatinine measurements in calculating the eGFR significantly improves the risk classification for death, cardiovascular . . . BACKGROUND: Adding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but the effect on detection, staging, and risk classification of chronic kidney disease across diverse populations has not been determined. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of 11 general-population studies (with 90,750 participants) and 5 studies of cohorts with chronic kidney disease (2960 participants) for whom standardized measurements of serum creatinine and cystatin C were available. We compared the association of the eGFR, as calculated by the measurement of creatinine or cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine, with the rates of death (13,202 deaths in 15 cohorts), death from cardiovascular causes (3471 in 12 cohorts), and end-stage renal disease (1654 cases in 7 cohorts) and assessed improvement in reclassification with the use of cystatin C. RESULTS: In the general-population cohorts, the prevalence of an eGFR of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area was higher with the cystatin C-based eGFR than with the creatinine-based eGFR (13.7% vs. 9.7%). Across all eGFR categories, the reclassification of the eGFR to a higher value with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was associated with a reduced risk of all three study outcomes, and reclassification to a lower eGFR was associated with an increased risk. The net reclassification improvement with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.28) for death and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.21) for end-stage renal disease. Results were generally similar for the five cohorts with chronic kidney disease and when both creatinine and cystatin C were used to calculate the eGFR. CONCLUSIONS: The use of cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine strengthens the association between the eGFR and the risks of death and end-stage renal disease across diverse populations. (Funded by the National Kidney Foundation and others.). BACKGROUND Adding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but the effect on detection, staging, and risk classification of chronic kidney disease across diverse populations has not been determined. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 11 general-population studies (with 90,750 participants) and 5 studies of cohorts with chronic kidney disease (2960 participants) for whom standardized measurements of serum creatinine and cystatin C were available. We compared the association of the eGFR, as calculated by the measurement of creatinine or cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine, with the rates of death (13,202 deaths in 15 cohorts), death from cardiovascular causes (3471 in 12 cohorts), and end-stage renal disease (1654 cases in 7 cohorts) and assessed improvement in reclassification with the use of cystatin C. RESULTS In the general-population cohorts, the prevalence of an eGFR of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area was higher with the cystatin C-based eGFR than with the creatinine-based eGFR (13.7% vs. 9.7%). Across all eGFR categories, the reclassification of the eGFR to a higher value with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was associated with a reduced risk of all three study outcomes, and reclassification to a lower eGFR was associated with an increased risk. The net reclassification improvement with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.28) for death and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.21) for end-stage renal disease. Results were generally similar for the five cohorts with chronic kidney disease and when both creatinine and cystatin C were used to calculate the eGFR. CONCLUSIONS The use of cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine strengthens the association between the eGFR and the risks of death and end-stage renal disease across diverse populations. BackgroundAdding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but the effect on detection, staging, and risk classification of chronic kidney disease across diverse populations has not been determined.MethodsWe performed a meta-analysis of 11 general-population studies (with 90,750 participants) and 5 studies of cohorts with chronic kidney disease (2960 participants) for whom standardized measurements of serum creatinine and cystatin C were available. We compared the association of the eGFR, as calculated by the measurement of creatinine or cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine, with the rates of death (13,202 deaths in 15 cohorts), death from cardiovascular causes (3471 in 12 cohorts), and end-stage renal disease (1654 cases in 7 cohorts) and assessed improvement in reclassification with the use of cystatin C.ResultsIn the general-population cohorts, the prevalence of an eGFR of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area was higher with the cystatin C–based eGFR than with the creatinine-based eGFR (13.7% vs. 9.7%). Across all eGFR categories, the reclassification of the eGFR to a higher value with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was associated with a reduced risk of all three study outcomes, and reclassification to a lower eGFR was associated with an increased risk. The net reclassification improvement with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.28) for death and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.21) for end-stage renal disease. Results were generally similar for the five cohorts with chronic kidney disease and when both creatinine and cystatin C were used to calculate the eGFR.ConclusionsThe use of cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine strengthens the association between the eGFR and the risks of death and end-stage renal disease across diverse populations. (Funded by the National Kidney Foundation and others.) Adding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but the effect on detection, staging, and risk classification of chronic kidney disease across diverse populations has not been determined.BACKGROUNDAdding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but the effect on detection, staging, and risk classification of chronic kidney disease across diverse populations has not been determined.We performed a meta-analysis of 11 general-population studies (with 90,750 participants) and 5 studies of cohorts with chronic kidney disease (2960 participants) for whom standardized measurements of serum creatinine and cystatin C were available. We compared the association of the eGFR, as calculated by the measurement of creatinine or cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine, with the rates of death (13,202 deaths in 15 cohorts), death from cardiovascular causes (3471 in 12 cohorts), and end-stage renal disease (1654 cases in 7 cohorts) and assessed improvement in reclassification with the use of cystatin C.METHODSWe performed a meta-analysis of 11 general-population studies (with 90,750 participants) and 5 studies of cohorts with chronic kidney disease (2960 participants) for whom standardized measurements of serum creatinine and cystatin C were available. We compared the association of the eGFR, as calculated by the measurement of creatinine or cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine, with the rates of death (13,202 deaths in 15 cohorts), death from cardiovascular causes (3471 in 12 cohorts), and end-stage renal disease (1654 cases in 7 cohorts) and assessed improvement in reclassification with the use of cystatin C.In the general-population cohorts, the prevalence of an eGFR of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area was higher with the cystatin C-based eGFR than with the creatinine-based eGFR (13.7% vs. 9.7%). Across all eGFR categories, the reclassification of the eGFR to a higher value with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was associated with a reduced risk of all three study outcomes, and reclassification to a lower eGFR was associated with an increased risk. The net reclassification improvement with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.28) for death and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.21) for end-stage renal disease. Results were generally similar for the five cohorts with chronic kidney disease and when both creatinine and cystatin C were used to calculate the eGFR.RESULTSIn the general-population cohorts, the prevalence of an eGFR of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area was higher with the cystatin C-based eGFR than with the creatinine-based eGFR (13.7% vs. 9.7%). Across all eGFR categories, the reclassification of the eGFR to a higher value with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was associated with a reduced risk of all three study outcomes, and reclassification to a lower eGFR was associated with an increased risk. The net reclassification improvement with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.28) for death and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.21) for end-stage renal disease. Results were generally similar for the five cohorts with chronic kidney disease and when both creatinine and cystatin C were used to calculate the eGFR.The use of cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine strengthens the association between the eGFR and the risks of death and end-stage renal disease across diverse populations. (Funded by the National Kidney Foundation and others.).CONCLUSIONSThe use of cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine strengthens the association between the eGFR and the risks of death and end-stage renal disease across diverse populations. (Funded by the National Kidney Foundation and others.). Adding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but the effect on detection, staging, and risk classification of chronic kidney disease across diverse populations has not been determined. We performed a meta-analysis of 11 general-population studies (with 90,750 participants) and 5 studies of cohorts with chronic kidney disease (2960 participants) for whom standardized measurements of serum creatinine and cystatin C were available. We compared the association of the eGFR, as calculated by the measurement of creatinine or cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine, with the rates of death (13,202 deaths in 15 cohorts), death from cardiovascular causes (3471 in 12 cohorts), and end-stage renal disease (1654 cases in 7 cohorts) and assessed improvement in reclassification with the use of cystatin C. In the general-population cohorts, the prevalence of an eGFR of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area was higher with the cystatin C-based eGFR than with the creatinine-based eGFR (13.7% vs. 9.7%). Across all eGFR categories, the reclassification of the eGFR to a higher value with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was associated with a reduced risk of all three study outcomes, and reclassification to a lower eGFR was associated with an increased risk. The net reclassification improvement with the measurement of cystatin C, as compared with creatinine, was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.28) for death and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.21) for end-stage renal disease. Results were generally similar for the five cohorts with chronic kidney disease and when both creatinine and cystatin C were used to calculate the eGFR. The use of cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine strengthens the association between the eGFR and the risks of death and end-stage renal disease across diverse populations. (Funded by the National Kidney Foundation and others.). |
| Author | Polkinghorne, Kevan R Inker, Lesley A Katz, Ronit Sarnak, Mark J Coresh, Josef Gansevoort, Ron T Rothenbacher, Dietrich Shlipak, Michael G Astor, Brad C Levey, Andrew S Matsushita, Kunihiro Ärnlöv, Johan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Michael G surname: Shlipak fullname: Shlipak, Michael G organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 2 givenname: Kunihiro surname: Matsushita fullname: Matsushita, Kunihiro organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 3 givenname: Johan surname: Ärnlöv fullname: Ärnlöv, Johan organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 4 givenname: Lesley A surname: Inker fullname: Inker, Lesley A organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 5 givenname: Ronit surname: Katz fullname: Katz, Ronit organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 6 givenname: Kevan R surname: Polkinghorne fullname: Polkinghorne, Kevan R organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 7 givenname: Dietrich surname: Rothenbacher fullname: Rothenbacher, Dietrich organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 8 givenname: Mark J surname: Sarnak fullname: Sarnak, Mark J organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 9 givenname: Brad C surname: Astor fullname: Astor, Brad C organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 10 givenname: Josef surname: Coresh fullname: Coresh, Josef organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 11 givenname: Andrew S surname: Levey fullname: Levey, Andrew S organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix – sequence: 12 givenname: Ron T surname: Gansevoort fullname: Gansevoort, Ron T organization: The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27671476$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24004120$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13381$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208645$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index (Uppsala universitet) |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2013 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved. 2014 INIST-CNRS Copyright © 2013 Massachusetts Medical Society 2013 |
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| Keywords | Medicine Comparative study Kidney Risk factor |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 The authors’ affiliations are listed in the Appendix. A complete list of members of the Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Prognosis Consortium is provided in the Supplementary Appendix, available at NEJM.org. |
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| Snippet | In this meta-analysis of 16 studies, investigators evaluated the use of cystatin C, alone or with creatinine, to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration... Adding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but the effect... BackgroundAdding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but... BACKGROUND: Adding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy,... BACKGROUND Adding the measurement of cystatin C to that of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improves accuracy, but... |
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| SubjectTerms | Biological and medical sciences Creatinine Creatinine - blood Cystatin C Cystatin C - blood Death End-stage renal disease Epidemiology Epidermal growth factor receptors General aspects Glomerular Filtration Rate Health and Welfare Heart attacks Humans Hälsa och välfärd Kidney diseases Kidney Failure, Chronic - etiology Kidney Function Tests Medical prognosis Medical sciences Medical treatment Population Population studies Reclassification Reference Standards Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - blood Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - mortality Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology Risk Risk Assessment - methods Systematic review |
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| Title | Cystatin C versus Creatinine in Determining Risk Based on Kidney Function |
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