Anomalous White Matter Morphology in Adults Who Stutter

Aims: Developmental stuttering is now generally considered to arise from genetic determinants interacting with neurologic function. Changes within speech-motor white matter (WM) connections may also be implicated. These connections can now be studied in great detail by high-angular-resolution diffus...

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Vydané v:	Journal of speech, language, and hearing research Ročník 58; číslo 2; s. 268 - 277
Hlavní autori:	Cieslak, Matthew, Ingham, Roger J., Ingham, Janis C., Grafton, Scott T.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	United States American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) 01.04.2015 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Predmet:	Adult Adults Algorithms Analysis Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - diagnostic imaging Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - pathology Brain Brain - diagnostic imaging Brain - physiopathology Brain Hemisphere Functions Brain Mapping - methods Brain research Case-Control Studies Comparative Analysis Corpus Striatum - diagnostic imaging Corpus Striatum - pathology Cortex Diagnostic Tests Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Effect Size Etiology Frontal Lobe - diagnostic imaging Frontal Lobe - pathology Genetic research Genetics Handedness Humans Inferences Magnetic resonance imaging Male Males Mathematics Medical imaging Morphology Neurological Impairments NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Speech Speech Impairments Speech motor control Studies Stuttering Stuttering - diagnostic imaging Stuttering - pathology Temporal Lobe - diagnostic imaging Temporal Lobe - pathology White Matter - diagnostic imaging White Matter - pathology Young Adult
ISSN:	1092-4388, 1558-9102, 1558-9102
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Shrnutí:	Aims: Developmental stuttering is now generally considered to arise from genetic determinants interacting with neurologic function. Changes within speech-motor white matter (WM) connections may also be implicated. These connections can now be studied in great detail by high-angular-resolution diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, diffusion spectrum imaging was used to reconstruct streamlines to examine white matter connections in people who stutter (PWS) and in people who do not stutter (PWNS). Method: WM morphology of the entire brain was assayed in 8 right-handed male PWS and 8 similarly aged right-handed male PWNS. WM was exhaustively searched using a deterministic algorithm that identifies missing or largely misshapen tracts. To be abnormal, a "tract" (defined as all streamlines connecting a pair of gray matter regions) was required to be at least one 3rd missing, in 7 out of 8 subjects in one group and not in the other group. Results: Large portions of bilateral arcuate fasciculi, a heavily researched speech pathway, were abnormal in PWS. Conversely, all PWS had a prominent connection in the left temporo-striatal tract connecting frontal and temporal cortex that was not observed in PWNS. Conclusion: These previously unseen structural differences of WM morphology in classical speech-language circuits may underlie developmental stuttering.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Editor: Jody Kreiman Disclosure: The authors have declared that no competing interests existed at the time of publication. Associate Editor: Hans-Georg Bosshardt
ISSN:	1092-4388 1558-9102 1558-9102
DOI:	10.1044/2015_JSLHR-S-14-0193