Systematic review of COVID‐19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults

Aim The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has affected hundreds of thousands of people. Data on symptoms and prognosis in children are rare. Methods A systematic literature review was carried out to identify papers on COVID‐19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coro...

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Vydané v:Acta Paediatrica Ročník 109; číslo 6; s. 1088 - 1095
Hlavný autor: Ludvigsson, Jonas F.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Norway Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.06.2020
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Predmet:
2019-nCoV
Betacoronavirus
Child
Children
Coronaviridae
Coronavirus
Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis
Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology
Coronavirus Infections - therapy
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Disease Outbreaks
Disease transmission
Fever
Humans
Infants
Inflammation
Literature reviews
Lymphopenia
newborn
Pandemics
Pediatrics
Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis
Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology
Pneumonia, Viral - therapy
Prognosis
Review
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Severity of Illness Index
Systematic review
COVID-19
SARS-CoV2
coronavirus
2019-nCoV
newborn
children
ISSN:0803-5253, 1651-2227, 1651-2227
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Shrnutí:Aim The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has affected hundreds of thousands of people. Data on symptoms and prognosis in children are rare. Methods A systematic literature review was carried out to identify papers on COVID‐19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), using the MEDLINE and Embase databases between January 1 and March 18, 2020. Results The search identified 45 relevant scientific papers and letters. The review showed that children have so far accounted for 1%‐5% of diagnosed COVID‐19 cases, they often have milder disease than adults and deaths have been extremely rare. Diagnostic findings have been similar to adults, with fever and respiratory symptoms being prevalent, but fewer children seem to have developed severe pneumonia. Elevated inflammatory markers were less common in children, and lymphocytopenia seemed rare. Newborn infants have developed symptomatic COVID‐19, but evidence of vertical intrauterine transmission was scarce. Suggested treatment included providing oxygen, inhalations, nutritional support and maintaining fluids and electrolyte balances. Conclusions The coronavirus disease 2019 has occurred in children, but they seemed to have a milder disease course and better prognosis than adults. Deaths were extremely rare.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-2
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ObjectType-Evidence Based Healthcare-1
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ISSN:0803-5253
1651-2227
1651-2227
DOI:10.1111/apa.15270