Inventory of molecular markers affecting biological characteristics of avian influenza A viruses

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulate globally, spilling over into domestic poultry and causing zoonotic infections in humans. Fortunately, AIVs are not yet capable of causing sustained human-to-human infection; however, AIVs are still a high risk as future pandemic strains, especially if they ac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virus genes Vol. 55; no. 6; pp. 739 - 768
Main Authors: Suttie, Annika, Deng, Yi-Mo, Greenhill, Andrew R., Dussart, Philippe, Horwood, Paul F., Karlsson, Erik A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.12.2019
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag
Subjects:
Animals
Avian flu
avian influenza
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Biomarkers
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Birds
Birds - genetics
Birds - virology
Drug Resistance, Viral
Drug Resistance, Viral - genetics
Genetic Markers
Genetic Markers - genetics
Humans
Influenza
Influenza A
Influenza A virus
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - genetics
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - pathogenicity
Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype
Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype - genetics
Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype - pathogenicity
Influenza in Birds
Influenza in Birds - epidemiology
Influenza in Birds - genetics
Influenza in Birds - virology
Influenza, Human
Influenza, Human - genetics
Influenza, Human - virology
Life Sciences
mammals
Medical Microbiology
Microbiology and Parasitology
mutation
pandemic
Pandemics
pathogenesis
Pathogenicity
Plant Sciences
Poultry
Poultry - genetics
Poultry - virology
Review Paper
risk
Virology
Zoonoses
Zoonoses - genetics
Zoonoses - virology
Avian influenza
Molecular marker
Mutation
Influenza virus
Risk assessment
Molecular inventory
ISSN:0920-8569, 1572-994X, 1572-994X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulate globally, spilling over into domestic poultry and causing zoonotic infections in humans. Fortunately, AIVs are not yet capable of causing sustained human-to-human infection; however, AIVs are still a high risk as future pandemic strains, especially if they acquire further mutations that facilitate human infection and/or increase pathogenesis. Molecular characterization of sequencing data for known genetic markers associated with AIV adaptation, transmission, and antiviral resistance allows for fast, efficient assessment of AIV risk. Here we summarize and update the current knowledge on experimentally verified molecular markers involved in AIV pathogenicity, receptor binding, replicative capacity, and transmission in both poultry and mammals with a broad focus to include data available on other AIV subtypes outside of A/H5N1 and A/H7N9.
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PMCID: PMC6831541
Edited by William Dundon.
ISSN:0920-8569
1572-994X
1572-994X
DOI:10.1007/s11262-019-01700-z