A 3D convolutional neural network to classify subjects as Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia or healthy controls using brain 18F-FDG PET

•Visual interpretation of [18F]-FDG-PET scans remains challenging and with the advent of new treatments, accurate diagnosis is more important than ever.•A tailor-made 3D VGG16-like network outperforms clinical interpretation by specialist physicians, achieving an overall accuracy of 89.8 % in predic...

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Veröffentlicht in:NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.) Jg. 288; S. 120530
Hauptverfasser: Rogeau, Antoine, Hives, Florent, Bordier, Cécile, Lahousse, Hélène, Roca, Vincent, Lebouvier, Thibaud, Pasquier, Florence, Huglo, Damien, Semah, Franck, Lopes, Renaud
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States Elsevier Inc 01.03.2024
Elsevier Limited
Elsevier
Schriftenreihe:NeuroImage
Schlagworte:
Alzheimer Disease - diagnostic imaging
Alzheimer's disease
Artificial intelligence
Autopsies
Biomarkers
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain mapping
Brain research
Cerebral blood flow
Classification
Cognitive science
Convolutional neural network
Deep learning
Dementia
Dementia disorders
FDG PET
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
Frontotemporal dementia
Frontotemporal Dementia - diagnostic imaging
Glucose metabolism
Humans
Image processing
Ischemia
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Metabolism
Neural networks
Neural Networks, Computer
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroimaging
Positron emission tomography
Positron-Emission Tomography - methods
Retrospective Studies
United States > US
Deep learning
Frontotemporal dementia
Alzheimer's disease
Convolutional neural network
FDG PET
ISSN:1053-8119, 1095-9572, 1095-9572
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Zusammenfassung:•Visual interpretation of [18F]-FDG-PET scans remains challenging and with the advent of new treatments, accurate diagnosis is more important than ever.•A tailor-made 3D VGG16-like network outperforms clinical interpretation by specialist physicians, achieving an overall accuracy of 89.8 % in predicting the class of test scans.•The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) for AD and anterior regions for FTD were key regions in the classification process.•The findings suggest the potential for integrating deep learning tools into clinical practice for more accurate and objective neurodegenerative disease diagnosis using [18F]-FDG-PET scans. With the arrival of disease-modifying drugs, neurodegenerative diseases will require an accurate diagnosis for optimal treatment. Convolutional neural networks are powerful deep learning techniques that can provide great help to physicians in image analysis. The purpose of this study is to introduce and validate a 3D neural network for classification of Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or cognitively normal (CN) subjects based on brain glucose metabolism. Retrospective [18F]-FDG-PET scans of 199 CE, 192 FTD and 200 CN subjects were collected from our local database, Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration neuroimaging initiatives. Training and test sets were created using randomization on a 90 %-10 % basis, and training of a 3D VGG16-like neural network was performed using data augmentation and cross-validation. Performance was compared to clinical interpretation by three specialists in the independent test set. Regions determining classification were identified in an occlusion experiment and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping. Test set subjects were age- and sex-matched across categories. The model achieved an overall 89.8 % accuracy in predicting the class of test scans. Areas under the ROC curves were 93.3 % for AD, 95.3 % for FTD, and 99.9 % for CN. The physicians' consensus showed a 69.5 % accuracy, and there was substantial agreement between them (kappa = 0.61, 95 % CI: 0.49–0.73). To our knowledge, this is the first study to introduce a deep learning model able to discriminate AD and FTD based on [18F]-FDG PET scans, and to isolate CN subjects with excellent accuracy. These initial results are promising and hint at the potential for generalization to data from other centers.
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ISSN:1053-8119
1095-9572
1095-9572
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120530