Mechanisms of acid tolerance in bacteria and prospects in biotechnology and bioremediation

Acidogenic and aciduric bacteria have developed several survival systems in various acidic environments to prevent cell damage due to acid stress such as that on the human gastric surface and in the fermentation medium used for industrial production of acidic products. Common mechanisms for acid res...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biotechnology advances Vol. 33; no. 7; pp. 1484 - 1492
Main Authors: Liu, Yuping, Tang, Hongzhi, Lin, Zhanglin, Xu, Ping
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Elsevier Inc 15.11.2015
Subjects:
Acid resistance
acid tolerance
Acids
ammonia
Bacteria
Bacteria - enzymology
Bacteria - metabolism
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
Bacterial Proteins
Biodegradation, Environmental
biofilm
biofuels
Biology
bioremediation
Biotechnology
Clouds
Density
F1–F0–ATPase
fermentation
Formations
Glutamate Decarboxylase
humans
Macromolecule
Macromolecules
proteins
Proton-Translocating ATPases
Survival
Synthetic Biology
urease
F1–F0–ATPase
Glutamate decarboxylase
Synthetic biology
Macromolecule
Acid resistance
F–F–ATPase
ISSN:0734-9750, 1873-1899
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Acidogenic and aciduric bacteria have developed several survival systems in various acidic environments to prevent cell damage due to acid stress such as that on the human gastric surface and in the fermentation medium used for industrial production of acidic products. Common mechanisms for acid resistance in bacteria are proton pumping by F1–F0–ATPase, the glutamate decarboxylase system, formation of a protective cloud of ammonia, high cytoplasmic urease activity, repair or protection of macromolecules, and biofilm formation. The field of synthetic biology has rapidly advanced and generated an ever-increasing assortment of genetic devices and biological modules for applications in biofuel and novel biomaterial productions. Better understanding of aspects such as overproduction of general shock proteins, molecular mechanisms, and responses to cell density adopted by microorganisms for survival in low pH conditions will prove useful in synthetic biology for potential industrial and environmental applications.
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ISSN:0734-9750
1873-1899
DOI:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.06.001