Dietary Patterns in Asian Indians in the United States: An Analysis of the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America Study
Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiomet...
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| Vydané v: | Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Ročník 114; číslo 2; s. 238 - 243 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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United States
Elsevier Inc
01.02.2014
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| ISSN: | 2212-2672 |
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| Abstract | Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed “Western,” and “Vegetarian.” Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (−1.12 mmol/L×mU/L; P=0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−4.77 mg/dL; P=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD. |
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| AbstractList | Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe and prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardio-metabolic risk factors. 150 Asian Indians, aged 45–84 years, without known cardiovascular disease, living in the San Francisco Bay area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and CT scans were obtained on all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, MET-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed “Western,” and “Vegetarian.” Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower HOMA-IR (−1.12; p=0.05) and lower HDL (−4.77, p=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful dietary choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD. AbstractDietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed “Western,” and “Vegetarian.” Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (−1.12 mmol/L×mU/L; P=0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−4.77 mg/dL; P=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD. Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed “Western,” and “Vegetarian.” Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (−1.12 mmol/L×mU/L; P=0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−4.77 mg/dL; P=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD. Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed "Western," and "Vegetarian." Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (-1.12 mmol/L × mU/L; P=0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-4.77 mg/dL; P=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD. Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed "Western," and "Vegetarian." Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (-1.12 mmol/L × mU/L; P=0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-4.77 mg/dL; P=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD.Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed "Western," and "Vegetarian." Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (-1.12 mmol/L × mU/L; P=0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-4.77 mg/dL; P=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD. |
| Author | Gadgil, Meghana D. Kanaya, Alka M. Anderson, Cheryl A.M. Kandula, Namratha R. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 4 Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 2 Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 1 Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL – name: 2 Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA – name: 4 Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA – name: 1 Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Meghana D. surname: Gadgil fullname: Gadgil, Meghana D. – sequence: 2 givenname: Cheryl A.M. surname: Anderson fullname: Anderson, Cheryl A.M. – sequence: 3 givenname: Namratha R. surname: Kandula fullname: Kandula, Namratha R. – sequence: 4 givenname: Alka M. surname: Kanaya fullname: Kanaya, Alka M. email: alka.kanaya@ucsf.edu |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24295929$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Cardiovascular disease Dietary patterns South Asian Nutrition Metabolic syndrome |
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| Snippet | Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other... AbstractDietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other... Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe and prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aged Aged, 80 and over alcohol drinking Asian Indians atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis - ethnology Blood Glucose - analysis blood sampling Body Mass Index Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular Diseases - ethnology Cholesterol, HDL - blood computed tomography Diet Diet Records Diet, Vegetarian Dietary patterns education Educational Status exercise Fasting Feeding Behavior Female food frequency questionnaires Gastroenterology and Hepatology Health Promotion high density lipoprotein cholesterol homeostasis Humans income India - ethnology Insulin Resistance Internal Medicine Male Metabolic syndrome Metabolic Syndrome - ethnology Middle Aged Nutrition principal component analysis regression analysis Risk Factors San Francisco - epidemiology South Asian Surveys and Questionnaires United States vegetarian diet Western diets |
| Title | Dietary Patterns in Asian Indians in the United States: An Analysis of the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America Study |
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