Peptic ulcer disease among dyspeptic patients at endoscopy unit, University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Background Dyspepsia is a common complaint in upper gastrointestinal disorders. It is described as predominant epigastric pain lasting for at least one month. Globally, peptic ulcer disease occurs in 3.5–32% of patients with dyspepsia. Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection and non-steroidal an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC gastroenterology Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 164 - 7
Main Authors: Assefa, Belete, Tadesse, Abilo, Abay, Zenahebezu, Abebe, Alula, Tesfaye, Tsebaot, Tadesse, Melaku, Molla, Ayenew
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 05.04.2022
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Adult
Alcohol
Antibodies
Antigens
Aspirin
Cancer
Complications and side effects
Consent
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diagnosis
Diagnostic tests
Disease
Dyspepsia
Dyspepsia - complications
Endoscopes
Endoscopic surgery
Endoscopy
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
Ethiopia - epidemiology
Feces
Gastroenterology
Gastrointestinal diseases
Gastrointestinal system
H. pylori
Helicobacter Infections - complications
Helicobacter Infections - diagnosis
Helicobacter Infections - epidemiology
Helicobacter pylori
Hepatology
Hospitals
Humans
Infections
Inflammation
Information processing
Internal Medicine
Medical treatment
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Northwest Ethiopia
NSAIDs
Patients
Peptic ulcer
Peptic Ulcer - complications
Peptic ulcer disease
Peptic ulcers
Population
Prevalence
Risk factors
Sample size
Smoking
Sociodemographics
Statistics
Surgeons
Ulcers
Variables
Ethiopia
United States > US
Northwest Ethiopia
Peptic ulcer disease
Dyspepsia
NSAIDs
H. pylori
ISSN:1471-230X, 1471-230X
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Summary:Background Dyspepsia is a common complaint in upper gastrointestinal disorders. It is described as predominant epigastric pain lasting for at least one month. Globally, peptic ulcer disease occurs in 3.5–32% of patients with dyspepsia. Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/aspirin use are the widely known risk factors for peptic ulcer disease. There was no recent document on H. pylori infection rate among patients with peptic ulcer disease in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine magnitude and associated factors of peptic ulcer disease among dyspeptic patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 218 study subjects. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to extract clinical information. Olympus flexible fiber-optic endoscope (Olympus, GIF-E 600, Olympus Corp., Hamburg, Germany) was used to confirm the presence of peptic ulcer disease. Diagnosis of active H. pylori infection was made using the fecal H. pylori Antigen 25 T Card Test (Anamol Lab., Pvt. Ltd., Palghar, India). The Data were entered into EPI Info version 4.6.0.2, and then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Explanatory variables associated with peptic ulcer disease were analyzed by applying logistic regression model. P value < 0.05 was used to declare significant association. Result A total of 218 dyspeptic patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic evaluations were included in the study. The mean (+ SD) age of patients was 42 ± 16.4 years. Forty nine percent (95% CI 42.4–56.2) of dyspeptic patients had active H. pylori infection. Peptic ulcer disease was diagnosed in 35% (95% CI 31.4–39.2) of patients with dyspepsia. H. pylori infection (AOR = 6.298, 95% CI 2.965–13.378, P value <  0.001) and NSAIDs/ASA use (AOR = 6.252, 95% CI 2.925–13.362, P value <  0.001) were identified as risk factors for peptic ulcer disease. Conclusion Medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease should target treatment of H. pylori infection and cautious use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/aspirin.
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ISSN:1471-230X
1471-230X
DOI:10.1186/s12876-022-02245-6