Antibacterial action and target mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles against bacterial pathogens

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are one of the most widely used nanoparticulate materials due to their antimicrobial properties, but their main mechanism of action (MOA) has not been fully elucidated. This study characterized ZnO NPs by using X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning ele...

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Veröffentlicht in:Scientific reports Jg. 12; H. 1; S. 2658 - 10
Hauptverfasser: Mendes, Carolina Rosai, Dilarri, Guilherme, Forsan, Carolina Froes, Sapata, Vinícius de Moraes Ruy, Lopes, Paulo Renato Matos, de Moraes, Peterson Bueno, Montagnolli, Renato Nallin, Ferreira, Henrique, Bidoia, Ederio Dino
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London Nature Publishing Group UK 16.02.2022
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Schlagworte:
631/326/2522
631/326/41
639/925/357/354
Antimicrobial activity
Antimicrobial agents
Bacillus subtilis - drug effects
Bacillus subtilis - metabolism
Cell division
Cytoplasmic membranes
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
E coli
Electrostatic properties
Escherichia coli - drug effects
Escherichia coli - metabolism
Fluorescence microscopy
Humanities and Social Sciences
Infrared spectroscopy
Metal Nanoparticles
Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods
Microscopy
multidisciplinary
Nanoparticles
Prediction models
Pseudomonas aeruginosa - drug effects
Pseudomonas aeruginosa - metabolism
Reactive oxygen species
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Scanning electron microscopy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism
Static Electricity
X-ray diffraction
Zinc oxide
Zinc Oxide - pharmacology
Zinc oxides
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
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Zusammenfassung:Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are one of the most widely used nanoparticulate materials due to their antimicrobial properties, but their main mechanism of action (MOA) has not been fully elucidated. This study characterized ZnO NPs by using X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs against the clinically relevant bacteria Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and the Gram-positive model Bacillus subtilis was evaluated by performing resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) after exposure to the ZnO NPs at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 1.4 mM. Sensitivity was observed at 0.6 mM for the Gram-negative and 1.0 mM for the Gram-positive cells. Fluorescence microscopy was used to examine the interference of ZnO NPs on the membrane and the cell division apparatus of B. subtilis ( amy ::pspac-ftsZ-gfpmut1) expressing FtsZ-GFP. The results showed that ZnO NPs did not interfere with the assembly of the divisional Z-ring. However, 70% of the cells exhibited damage in the cytoplasmic membrane after 15 min of exposure to the ZnO NPs. Electrostatic forces, production of Zn 2+ ions and the generation of reactive oxygen species were described as possible pathways of the bactericidal action of ZnO. Therefore, understanding the bactericidal MOA of ZnO NPs can potentially help in the construction of predictive models to fight bacterial resistance.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-06657-y