The EU(7)-PIM list: a list of potentially inappropriate medications for older people consented by experts from seven European countries

Purpose The aim of the study was to develop a European list of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) for older people, which can be used for the analysis and comparison of prescribing patterns across European countries and for clinical practice. Methods A preliminary PIM list was developed, ba...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of clinical pharmacology Vol. 71; no. 7; pp. 861 - 875
Main Authors: Renom-Guiteras, Anna, Meyer, Gabriele, Thürmann, Petra A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.07.2015
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Age Factors
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Consensus
Delphi Technique
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Administration Schedule
Drug Dosage Calculations
Drug Substitution
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - prevention & control
Europe
Geriatrics
Geriatrics - methods
Humans
Inappropriate Prescribing - prevention & control
Medical screening
Patient Safety
Pharmacoepidemiology and Prescription
Pharmacology
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Potentially Inappropriate Medication List
Prescription drugs
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Time Factors
Europe
Aged [MeSH term]
Screening
Potentially inappropriate medication
Europe [MeSH term]
Inappropriate prescribing [MeSH term]
ISSN:0031-6970, 1432-1041, 1432-1041
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Purpose The aim of the study was to develop a European list of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) for older people, which can be used for the analysis and comparison of prescribing patterns across European countries and for clinical practice. Methods A preliminary PIM list was developed, based on the German PRISCUS list of potentially inappropriate medications and other PIM lists from the USA, Canada and France. Thirty experts on geriatric prescribing from Estonia, Finland, France, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden participated; eight experts performed a structured expansion of the list, suggesting further medications; twenty-seven experts participated in a two-round Delphi survey assessing the appropriateness of drugs and suggesting dose adjustments and therapeutic alternatives. Finally, twelve experts completed a brief final survey to decide upon issues requiring further consensus. Results Experts reached a consensus that 282 chemical substances or drug classes from 34 therapeutic groups are PIM for older people; some PIM are restricted to a certain dose or duration of use. The PIM list contains suggestions for dose adjustments and therapeutic alternatives. Conclusions The European Union (EU)(7)-PIM list is a screening tool, developed with participation of experts from seven European countries, that allows identification and comparison of PIM prescribing patterns for older people across European countries. It can also be used as a guide in clinical practice, although it does not substitute the decision-making process of individualised prescribing for older people. Further research is needed to investigate the feasibility and applicability and, finally, the clinical benefits of the newly developed list.
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ISSN:0031-6970
1432-1041
1432-1041
DOI:10.1007/s00228-015-1860-9