Event-based backpropagation can compute exact gradients for spiking neural networks

Spiking neural networks combine analog computation with event-based communication using discrete spikes. While the impressive advances of deep learning are enabled by training non-spiking artificial neural networks using the backpropagation algorithm, applying this algorithm to spiking networks was...

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Vydané v:Scientific reports Ročník 11; číslo 1; s. 12829 - 17
Hlavní autori: Wunderlich, Timo C., Pehle, Christian
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: London Nature Publishing Group UK 18.06.2021
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Predmet:
631/114/116/2396
631/114/1305
631/378/116/2396
639/705
Algorithms
Back propagation
Deep learning
Firing pattern
Humanities and Social Sciences
Learning algorithms
multidisciplinary
Neural networks
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
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Shrnutí:Spiking neural networks combine analog computation with event-based communication using discrete spikes. While the impressive advances of deep learning are enabled by training non-spiking artificial neural networks using the backpropagation algorithm, applying this algorithm to spiking networks was previously hindered by the existence of discrete spike events and discontinuities. For the first time, this work derives the backpropagation algorithm for a continuous-time spiking neural network and a general loss function by applying the adjoint method together with the proper partial derivative jumps, allowing for backpropagation through discrete spike events without approximations. This algorithm, EventProp, backpropagates errors at spike times in order to compute the exact gradient in an event-based, temporally and spatially sparse fashion. We use gradients computed via EventProp to train networks on the Yin-Yang and MNIST datasets using either a spike time or voltage based loss function and report competitive performance. Our work supports the rigorous study of gradient-based learning algorithms in spiking neural networks and provides insights toward their implementation in novel brain-inspired hardware.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-91786-z