Number of initial symptoms is more related to long COVID-19 than acute severity of infection: a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients

•Long COVID-19 was experienced by almost two-thirds of hospitalized patients.•High number of initial symptoms increases the risk of long COVID-19 infection.•Objective measures of COVID-19 severity are unable to predict long COVID-19.•Having hypertension and being female are also associated with pers...

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Veröffentlicht in:	International journal of infectious diseases Jg. 118; S. 220 - 223
Hauptverfasser:	Chan Sui Ko, Adrien, Candellier, Alexandre, Mercier, Marie, Joseph, Cédric, Schmit, Jean-Luc, Lanoix, Jean-Philippe, Andrejak, Claire
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Canada Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2022 Elsevier The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases
Schlagworte:	Bacteriology COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications Emerging diseases Female Hospitalization Human health and pathology Humans Hypertension - epidemiology Infectious diseases Intensive Care Units Life Sciences Long COVID Male Microbiology and Parasitology Middle Aged Mycology Persistent symptoms Prospective Studies Pulmonology and respiratory tract Risk factor Risk Factors SARS-CoV-2 Severity Short Communication Virology COVID-19 Persistent symptoms Severity Long COVID Risk factor
ISSN:	1201-9712, 1878-3511, 1878-3511
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Abstract	•Long COVID-19 was experienced by almost two-thirds of hospitalized patients.•High number of initial symptoms increases the risk of long COVID-19 infection.•Objective measures of COVID-19 severity are unable to predict long COVID-19.•Having hypertension and being female are also associated with persistent symptoms.•Patients with a high number of initial symptoms should be closely monitored. Post–COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long COVID-19 in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients including those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, taking into account objective measures of COVID-19 severity. Hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. A structured follow-up visit was performed 4 months after hospital admission. Multivariable adjusted regression models were used to analyse the association between parameters at the acute phase and persistent symptoms. A follow-up visit was performed in 316 patients including 115 (36.4%) discharged from the ICU. Mean age was 64.1 years, and 201 patients (58.3%) were men. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.22; P =.01), hypertension (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.22-3.31; P <.01), and the number of initial symptoms (NIS) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; P <.001) were significantly associated with long COVID-19. Number of persistent symptoms was significantly associated with NIS (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P <.001), female sex (aIRR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.29-1.87; P <.001), hypertension (aIRR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50; P =.03), and length of stay in hospital (aIRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.005-1.017; P <.001). Our study suggested that female sex, hypertension, and NIS had a significant impact on persistent symptoms in hospitalized patients in contrast to severity of acute COVID-19 infection.
AbstractList	Post-COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long COVID-19 in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients including those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, taking into account objective measures of COVID-19 severity. Hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. A structured follow-up visit was performed 4 months after hospital admission. Multivariable adjusted regression models were used to analyse the association between parameters at the acute phase and persistent symptoms. A follow-up visit was performed in 316 patients including 115 (36.4%) discharged from the ICU. Mean age was 64.1 years, and 201 patients (58.3%) were men. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.22; P =.01), hypertension (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.22-3.31; P <.01), and the number of initial symptoms (NIS) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; P <.001) were significantly associated with long COVID-19. Number of persistent symptoms was significantly associated with NIS (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P <.001), female sex (aIRR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.29-1.87; P <.001), hypertension (aIRR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50; P =.03), and length of stay in hospital (aIRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.005-1.017; P <.001). Our study suggested that female sex, hypertension, and NIS had a significant impact on persistent symptoms in hospitalized patients in contrast to severity of acute COVID-19 infection. Objectives: Post–COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long COVID-19 in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients including those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, taking into account objective measures of COVID-19 severity. Methods: Hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. A structured follow-up visit was performed 4 months after hospital admission. Multivariable adjusted regression models were used to analyse the association between parameters at the acute phase and persistent symptoms. Results: A follow-up visit was performed in 316 patients including 115 (36.4%) discharged from the ICU. Mean age was 64.1 years, and 201 patients (58.3%) were men. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.22; P =.01), hypertension (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.22-3.31; P <.01), and the number of initial symptoms (NIS) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; P <.001) were significantly associated with long COVID-19. Number of persistent symptoms was significantly associated with NIS (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P <.001), female sex (aIRR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.29-1.87; P <.001), hypertension (aIRR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50; P =.03), and length of stay in hospital (aIRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.005-1.017; P <.001). Conclusion: Our study suggested that female sex, hypertension, and NIS had a significant impact on persistent symptoms in hospitalized patients in contrast to severity of acute COVID-19 infection. •Long COVID-19 was experienced by almost two-thirds of hospitalized patients.•High number of initial symptoms increases the risk of long COVID-19 infection.•Objective measures of COVID-19 severity are unable to predict long COVID-19.•Having hypertension and being female are also associated with persistent symptoms.•Patients with a high number of initial symptoms should be closely monitored. Post–COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long COVID-19 in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients including those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, taking into account objective measures of COVID-19 severity. Hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. A structured follow-up visit was performed 4 months after hospital admission. Multivariable adjusted regression models were used to analyse the association between parameters at the acute phase and persistent symptoms. A follow-up visit was performed in 316 patients including 115 (36.4%) discharged from the ICU. Mean age was 64.1 years, and 201 patients (58.3%) were men. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.22; P =.01), hypertension (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.22-3.31; P <.01), and the number of initial symptoms (NIS) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; P <.001) were significantly associated with long COVID-19. Number of persistent symptoms was significantly associated with NIS (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P <.001), female sex (aIRR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.29-1.87; P <.001), hypertension (aIRR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50; P =.03), and length of stay in hospital (aIRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.005-1.017; P <.001). Our study suggested that female sex, hypertension, and NIS had a significant impact on persistent symptoms in hospitalized patients in contrast to severity of acute COVID-19 infection. Post-COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long COVID-19 in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients including those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, taking into account objective measures of COVID-19 severity.OBJECTIVESPost-COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long COVID-19 in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients including those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, taking into account objective measures of COVID-19 severity.Hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. A structured follow-up visit was performed 4 months after hospital admission. Multivariable adjusted regression models were used to analyse the association between parameters at the acute phase and persistent symptoms.METHODSHospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. A structured follow-up visit was performed 4 months after hospital admission. Multivariable adjusted regression models were used to analyse the association between parameters at the acute phase and persistent symptoms.A follow-up visit was performed in 316 patients including 115 (36.4%) discharged from the ICU. Mean age was 64.1 years, and 201 patients (58.3%) were men. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.22; P =.01), hypertension (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.22-3.31; P <.01), and the number of initial symptoms (NIS) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; P <.001) were significantly associated with long COVID-19. Number of persistent symptoms was significantly associated with NIS (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P <.001), female sex (aIRR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.29-1.87; P <.001), hypertension (aIRR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50; P =.03), and length of stay in hospital (aIRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.005-1.017; P <.001).RESULTSA follow-up visit was performed in 316 patients including 115 (36.4%) discharged from the ICU. Mean age was 64.1 years, and 201 patients (58.3%) were men. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.22; P =.01), hypertension (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.22-3.31; P <.01), and the number of initial symptoms (NIS) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; P <.001) were significantly associated with long COVID-19. Number of persistent symptoms was significantly associated with NIS (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P <.001), female sex (aIRR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.29-1.87; P <.001), hypertension (aIRR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50; P =.03), and length of stay in hospital (aIRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.005-1.017; P <.001).Our study suggested that female sex, hypertension, and NIS had a significant impact on persistent symptoms in hospitalized patients in contrast to severity of acute COVID-19 infection.CONCLUSIONOur study suggested that female sex, hypertension, and NIS had a significant impact on persistent symptoms in hospitalized patients in contrast to severity of acute COVID-19 infection.
Author	Andrejak, Claire Candellier, Alexandre Schmit, Jean-Luc Lanoix, Jean-Philippe Joseph, Cédric Mercier, Marie Chan Sui Ko, Adrien
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Keywords	COVID-19 Persistent symptoms Severity Long COVID Risk factor
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Snippet	•Long COVID-19 was experienced by almost two-thirds of hospitalized patients.•High number of initial symptoms increases the risk of long COVID-19... Post-COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long... Objectives: Post–COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated...
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SubjectTerms	Bacteriology COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications Emerging diseases Female Hospitalization Human health and pathology Humans Hypertension - epidemiology Infectious diseases Intensive Care Units Life Sciences Long COVID Male Microbiology and Parasitology Middle Aged Mycology Persistent symptoms Prospective Studies Pulmonology and respiratory tract Risk factor Risk Factors SARS-CoV-2 Severity Short Communication Virology
Title	Number of initial symptoms is more related to long COVID-19 than acute severity of infection: a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients
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