Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for immunomodulation and regeneration: a next generation therapeutic tool?

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be widely isolated from various tissues including bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, with the potential for self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. There is compelling evidence that the therapeutic effect of MSCs mainly depends on their paracrine...

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Vydáno v:Cell death & disease Ročník 13; číslo 7; s. 580 - 16
Hlavní autoři: Kou, Meng, Huang, Li, Yang, Jinjuan, Chiang, Zhixin, Chen, Shaoxiang, Liu, Jie, Guo, Liyan, Zhang, Xiaoxian, Zhou, Xiaoya, Xu, Xiang, Yan, Xiaomei, Wang, Yan, Zhang, Jinqiu, Xu, Aimin, Tse, Hung-fat, Lian, Qizhou
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: London Nature Publishing Group UK 04.07.2022
Springer Nature B.V
Nature Publishing Group
Témata:
13/100
631/532/2074
631/532/489
Adipocytes
Adipose tissue
Antibodies
Antigens
Arthritis
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biosynthesis
Body fat
Body fluids
Bone marrow
Cell Biology
Cell Culture
Cell Differentiation
Cell interactions
Cell self-renewal
Cell therapy
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
Chemokines
Communication
Extracellular Vesicles
FDA approval
Fibrosis
Growth factors
Hospitals
Immunogenicity
Immunology
Immunomodulation
Immunoregulation
Laboratories
Life Sciences
Lipids
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Osteoarthritis
Paracrine signalling
Proteins
Regeneration
Review
Review Article
Spinal cord injuries
Stem cells
Therapeutic applications
Tissue engineering
Umbilical cord
ISSN:2041-4889, 2041-4889
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Popis
Shrnutí:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be widely isolated from various tissues including bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, with the potential for self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. There is compelling evidence that the therapeutic effect of MSCs mainly depends on their paracrine action. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are fundamental paracrine effectors of MSCs and play a crucial role in intercellular communication, existing in various body fluids and cell supernatants. Since MSC-derived EVs retain the function of protocells and have lower immunogenicity, they have a wide range of prospective therapeutic applications with advantages over cell therapy. We describe some characteristics of MSC-EVs, and discuss their role in immune regulation and regeneration, with emphasis on the molecular mechanism and application of MSC-EVs in the treatment of fibrosis and support tissue repair. We also highlight current challenges in the clinical application of MSC-EVs and potential ways to overcome the problem of quality heterogeneity.
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ISSN:2041-4889
2041-4889
DOI:10.1038/s41419-022-05034-x