Retention of nickel, cobalt and chromium in skin at conditions mimicking intense hand hygiene practices using water, soap, and hand-disinfectant in vitro

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased hand hygiene practices using water, soap and hand disinfectants, became prevalent, particularly among frontline workers. This study investigates the impact of these practices on the skin’s ability to retain the allergenic metals nickel, cobalt, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 44 - 10
Main Authors:	Vilela, Libe, Schenk, Linda, Julander, Anneli, Midander, Klara
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London BioMed Central 06.11.2024 BioMed Central Ltd BMC
Subjects:	Care and treatment Cobalt Dermatologic agents Dermatology Diagnosis Dosage and administration Formulae, receipts, prescriptions Health aspects Hygiene Hygiene practices Infection control Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metals Methods Nickel Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Penetration Pharmacology/Toxicology Public Health Retention Skin Skin diseases Soap Sodium lauryl sulphate Swine Water Sweden Germany Skin Penetration Retention Hygiene practices Metals Sodium lauryl sulphate
ISSN:	1745-6673, 1745-6673
Online Access:	Get full text
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