Effect of polygenic risk scores on depression in childhood trauma

Research on gene × environment interaction in major depressive disorder (MDD) has thus far primarily focused on candidate genes, although genetic effects are known to be polygenic. To test whether the effect of polygenic risk scores on MDD is moderated by childhood trauma. The study sample consisted...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of psychiatry Vol. 205; no. 2; pp. 113 - 119
Main Authors: Peyrot, Wouter J., Milaneschi, Yuri, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Sullivan, Patrick F., Hottenga, Jouke J., Boomsma, Dorret I., Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.08.2014
Maney
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Subjects:
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Adult Survivors of Child Abuse - statistics & numerical data
Adverse childhood experiences
Anxiety
Biological and medical sciences
Bipolar disorder
Candidates
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child abuse & neglect
Child Abuse - statistics & numerical data
Childhood
Children
Depression
Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology
Depressive Disorder, Major - genetics
Depressive personality disorders
Emotional abuse
Female
Gene-Environment Interaction
Genes
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genetics
Genomes
Genomics
Health surveys
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Medical diagnosis
Medical sciences
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental health
Meta-analysis
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Mood disorders
Netherlands - epidemiology
Power
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Risk
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Schizophrenia
Serotonin
Sex crimes
Systematic review
Trauma
Netherlands
Mood disorder
Genetics
Depression
Polygenic
Genetic determinism
Early traumatism
ISSN:0007-1250, 1472-1465, 1472-1465
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Research on gene × environment interaction in major depressive disorder (MDD) has thus far primarily focused on candidate genes, although genetic effects are known to be polygenic. To test whether the effect of polygenic risk scores on MDD is moderated by childhood trauma. The study sample consisted of 1645 participants with a DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD and 340 screened controls from The Netherlands. Chronic or remitted episodes (severe MDD) were present in 956 participants. The occurrence of childhood trauma was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Interview and the polygenic risk scores were based on genome-wide meta-analysis results from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. The polygenic risk scores and childhood trauma independently affected MDD risk, and evidence was found for interaction as departure from both multiplicativity and additivity, indicating that the effect of polygenic risk scores on depression is increased in the presence of childhood trauma. The interaction effects were similar in predicting all MDD risk and severe MDD risk, and explained a proportion of variation in MDD risk comparable to the polygenic risk scores themselves. The interaction effect found between polygenic risk scores and childhood trauma implies that (1) studies on direct genetic effect on MDD gain power by focusing on individuals exposed to childhood trauma, and that (2) individuals with both high polygenic risk scores and exposure to childhood trauma are particularly at risk for developing MDD.
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ISSN:0007-1250
1472-1465
1472-1465
DOI:10.1192/bjp.bp.113.143081