Cardiovascular risk reduction with once-weekly semaglutide in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis of gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile in the SUSTAIN 6 trial
Background The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high CV risk. The effects of gender, age and baseline CV risk on outcomes are importan...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Cardiovascular diabetology Jg. 18; H. 1; S. 73 - 12 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
BioMed Central
06.06.2019
Springer Nature B.V BMC |
| Schlagworte: | |
| ISSN: | 1475-2840, 1475-2840 |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
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| Abstract | Background
The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high CV risk. The effects of gender, age and baseline CV risk on outcomes are important considerations for further study.
Methods
Subjects were grouped according to gender, age (50–65 years and > 65 years), and CV risk profile at baseline (prior myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke vs no prior MI or stroke, and established CV disease [CVD] vs CV risk factors alone, including subjects with chronic kidney disease). Time to MACE and its individual components (CV death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke), hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and revascularization (coronary and peripheral) were analyzed for all subgroups. Additional analyses were performed for gender and age to investigate change from baseline in HbA
1c
and body weight, as well as tolerability.
Results
A total of 3297 subjects were included. The majority of subjects (60.7%) were male; 43% were > 65 years of age; 41.5% had a history of MI or stroke; and 76.8% had established CVD. Compared with placebo, semaglutide reduced the risk of the first occurrence of MACE and each MACE component consistently across all subgroups (gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile). Revascularizations, HbA
1c
and body weight were also reduced consistently across all subgroups compared with placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events in all treatment groups were more common among women than men, but rates of premature treatment discontinuation were similar for both genders.
Conclusions
In this post hoc analysis of SUSTAIN 6, once-weekly semaglutide vs placebo reduced the risk of MACE in all subjects included in the trial, regardless of gender, age, or baseline CV risk profile.
Trial registry
Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifying number: NCT01720446, Date of registration: October 29, 2012 |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Table 1 Baseline characteristics and demographics of subjects in the SUSTAIN 6 trial A. Post hoc analysis by gender Semaglutide Placebo Male Female Male Female Subject demographics Full analysis set, N 1013 635 989 660 Trial completers, n (%) 959 (94.7) 602 (94.8) 926 (93.6) 623 (94.4) Treatment completers, n (%) 773 (76.3) 481 (75.7) 788 (79.7) 514 (77.9) Baseline characteristicsa Age, years 64.6 (7.3) 64.8 (7.1) 64.6 (7.6) 64.6 (7.5) Body weight, kg 96.7 (20.5) 85.4 (19.0) 95.8 (21.0) 86.0 (18.4) BMI, kg/m2 32.3 (5.9) 33.7 (6.6) 32.1 (6.0) 33.9 (6.3) Diabetes duration, years 13.9 (8.1) 14.5 (8.4) 13.5 (8.0) 13.8 (8.1) HbA1c, % 8.6 (1.4) 8.8 (1.6) 8.6 (1.4) 8.8 (1.6) Smoking status (never/previous/current), % 33.5/51.7/14.8 65.4/26.1/8.5 30.1/56.1/13.7 66.8/23.0/10.2 B. Post hoc analysis by age Semaglutide Placebo ≤ 65 years > 65 years ≤ 65 years > 65 years Subject demographics Full analysis set, N 950 698 929 720 Trial completers, n (%) 899 (94.6) 662 (94.8) 875 (94.2) 674 (93.6) Treatment completers, n (%) 745 (78.4) 509 (72.9) 745 (80.2) 557 (77.4) Baseline characteristicsb Age, years 59.7 (4.1) 71.4 (4.7) 59.2 (4.3) 71.6 (4.5) Females, % 38.4 38.7 40.9 38.9 Body weight, kg 94.0 (21.1) 90.0 (19.8) 93.0 (21.4) 90.5 (19.3) BMI, kg/m2 33.3 (6.4) 32.2 (5.9) 33.1 (6.4) 32.4 (5.8) Diabetes duration, years 12.6 (7.2) 16.4 (8.9) 12.4 (7.4) 15.2 (8.5) HbA1c, % 8.9 (1.6) 8.4 (1.2) 8.9 (1.6) 8.4 (1.3) Smoking status (never/previous/current), % 47.0/37.1/16.0 44.1/48.4/7.5 45.3/39.0/15.7 44.2/47.9/7.8 C. Post hoc analyses by CV risk profile at baseline Semaglutide Placebo Semaglutide Placebo Prior MI/stroke No prior MI/stroke Prior MI/stroke No prior MI/stroke Established CVD CV risk factors Established CVD CV risk factors Full analysis set, N 673 975 694 955 1262 386 1271 378 Baseline characteristics Age, years 63.8 (7.5) 65.2 (6.9) 63.6 (7.9) 65.3 (7.2) 64.2 (7.3) 66.1 (6.5) 64.2 (7.7) 66.0 (6.7) Female, n (%) 208 (30.9) 427 (43.8) 225 (32.4) 435 (45.5) 445 (35.3) 190 (49.2) 463 (36.4) 197 (52.1) Diabetes duration, years 13.7 (8.5) 14.5 (8.0) 13.3 (8.1) 13.8 (8.0) 14.0 (8.4) 14.8 (7.6) 13.3 (7.9) 14.6 (8.2) BMI, kg/m2 32.6 (6.0) 33.0 (6.4) 32.7 (6.2) 32.8 (6.2) 32.8 (6.1) 32.8 (6.5) 33.0 (6.2) 32.3 (6.1) HbA1c, % 8.8 (1.6) 8.7 (1.4) 8.7 (1.5) 8.7 (1.4) 8.7 (1.5) 8.7 (1.4) 8.7 (1.5) 8.7 (1.5) CV risk factors Systolic blood pressure, mmHg 134.6 (17.7) 136.9 (17.3) 134.9 (17.1) 135.5 (16.6) 135.5 (17.5) 137.5 (17.5) 134.9 (16.6) 136.5 (17.4) Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg 76.8 (9.9) 77.1 (10.1) 76.7 (10.4) 77.4 (9.8) 76.7 (10.0) 77.9 (9.8) 77.0 (10.2) 77.5 (9.6) Total cholesterol, mmol/L [mean (CoV)] 4.2 (26.8) 4.4 (25.5) 4.2 (27.9) 4.3 (26.5) 4.3 (26.9) 4.4 (23.6) 4.2 (27.6) 4.4 (25.4) eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 [mean (CoV)] 72.1 (39.2) 70.1 (41.4) 73.8 (39.8) 69.0 (44.6) 72.9 (38.7) 64.9 (44.8) 73.9 (39.7) 61.7 (49.2) Current smoker, n (%) 106 (15.8) 98 (10.1) 109 (15.7) 93 (9.74) 170 (13.5) 34 (8.8) 167 (13.1) 35 (9.3) Manifestation of CVD Prior MI, n (%) 530 (78.8) – 542 (78.1) – 530 (42.0) – 542 (42.6) – Ischemic heart disease, n (%) 571 (84.8) 417 (42.8) 589 (84.9) 417 (43.7) 988 (78.3) – 1006 (79.2) – Prior stroke, n (%) 191 (28.4) – 210 (30.3) – 191 (15.1) – 210 (16.5) – Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) 87 (12.9) 139 (14.3) 89 (12.8) 138 (14.5) 226 (17.9) – 227 (17.9) – ≥ 50% arterial stenosis, n (%) 327 (48.6) 240 (24.6) 361 (52.0) 239 (25.0) 567 (44.9) – 600 (47.2) – Percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%) 327 (48.6) 163 (16.7) 342 (49.3) 180 (18.8) 490 (38.8) – 522 (41.1) – Coronary artery bypass graft, n (%) 182 (27.0) 106 (10.9) 182 (26.2) 107 (11.2) 288 (22.8) – 289 (227) – Heart failure, n (%) 187 (27.8) 194 (19.9) 185 (26.7) 211 (22.1) 381 (30.2) – 396 (31.2) – Data presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated. A pre-existent history of MI or stroke is an important CV risk determinant in subjects with T2D [35, 36]. [...]the present post hoc analysis divided subjects based on clinically relevant factors (prior MI or stroke vs no prior MI or stroke and established CVD vs risk factors alone) to allow for exploration of CV outcomes across these CV risk subgroups. [...]considering the nature of subgroup analyses and the risk of false positive effects with a large number of comparisons [41], any conclusions should be interpreted cautiously and in the context of all available data in the literature. American Diabetes Association CI: confidence interval CKD: chronic kidney disease CV: cardiovascular CVD: cardiovascular disease ETD: estimated treatment difference GLP-1RA: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist HR: hazard ratio MACE: major adverse cardiac event MI: myocardial infarction T2D: type 2 diabetes Declarations Acknowledgements We thank all the patients, investigators, and trial-site staff members who were involved in the conduct of the trial; and Sherri Vanderveen, AXON Communications, for medical writing and editorial assistance (funded by Novo Nordisk). Background The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high CV risk. The effects of gender, age and baseline CV risk on outcomes are important considerations for further study. Methods Subjects were grouped according to gender, age (50–65 years and > 65 years), and CV risk profile at baseline (prior myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke vs no prior MI or stroke, and established CV disease [CVD] vs CV risk factors alone, including subjects with chronic kidney disease). Time to MACE and its individual components (CV death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke), hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and revascularization (coronary and peripheral) were analyzed for all subgroups. Additional analyses were performed for gender and age to investigate change from baseline in HbA 1c and body weight, as well as tolerability. Results A total of 3297 subjects were included. The majority of subjects (60.7%) were male; 43% were > 65 years of age; 41.5% had a history of MI or stroke; and 76.8% had established CVD. Compared with placebo, semaglutide reduced the risk of the first occurrence of MACE and each MACE component consistently across all subgroups (gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile). Revascularizations, HbA 1c and body weight were also reduced consistently across all subgroups compared with placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events in all treatment groups were more common among women than men, but rates of premature treatment discontinuation were similar for both genders. Conclusions In this post hoc analysis of SUSTAIN 6, once-weekly semaglutide vs placebo reduced the risk of MACE in all subjects included in the trial, regardless of gender, age, or baseline CV risk profile. Trial registry Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifying number: NCT01720446, Date of registration: October 29, 2012 Abstract Background The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high CV risk. The effects of gender, age and baseline CV risk on outcomes are important considerations for further study. Methods Subjects were grouped according to gender, age (50–65 years and > 65 years), and CV risk profile at baseline (prior myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke vs no prior MI or stroke, and established CV disease [CVD] vs CV risk factors alone, including subjects with chronic kidney disease). Time to MACE and its individual components (CV death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke), hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and revascularization (coronary and peripheral) were analyzed for all subgroups. Additional analyses were performed for gender and age to investigate change from baseline in HbA1c and body weight, as well as tolerability. Results A total of 3297 subjects were included. The majority of subjects (60.7%) were male; 43% were > 65 years of age; 41.5% had a history of MI or stroke; and 76.8% had established CVD. Compared with placebo, semaglutide reduced the risk of the first occurrence of MACE and each MACE component consistently across all subgroups (gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile). Revascularizations, HbA1c and body weight were also reduced consistently across all subgroups compared with placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events in all treatment groups were more common among women than men, but rates of premature treatment discontinuation were similar for both genders. Conclusions In this post hoc analysis of SUSTAIN 6, once-weekly semaglutide vs placebo reduced the risk of MACE in all subjects included in the trial, regardless of gender, age, or baseline CV risk profile. Trial registry Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifying number: NCT01720446, Date of registration: October 29, 2012 The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high CV risk. The effects of gender, age and baseline CV risk on outcomes are important considerations for further study.BACKGROUNDThe SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high CV risk. The effects of gender, age and baseline CV risk on outcomes are important considerations for further study.Subjects were grouped according to gender, age (50-65 years and > 65 years), and CV risk profile at baseline (prior myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke vs no prior MI or stroke, and established CV disease [CVD] vs CV risk factors alone, including subjects with chronic kidney disease). Time to MACE and its individual components (CV death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke), hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and revascularization (coronary and peripheral) were analyzed for all subgroups. Additional analyses were performed for gender and age to investigate change from baseline in HbA1c and body weight, as well as tolerability.METHODSSubjects were grouped according to gender, age (50-65 years and > 65 years), and CV risk profile at baseline (prior myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke vs no prior MI or stroke, and established CV disease [CVD] vs CV risk factors alone, including subjects with chronic kidney disease). Time to MACE and its individual components (CV death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke), hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and revascularization (coronary and peripheral) were analyzed for all subgroups. Additional analyses were performed for gender and age to investigate change from baseline in HbA1c and body weight, as well as tolerability.A total of 3297 subjects were included. The majority of subjects (60.7%) were male; 43% were > 65 years of age; 41.5% had a history of MI or stroke; and 76.8% had established CVD. Compared with placebo, semaglutide reduced the risk of the first occurrence of MACE and each MACE component consistently across all subgroups (gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile). Revascularizations, HbA1c and body weight were also reduced consistently across all subgroups compared with placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events in all treatment groups were more common among women than men, but rates of premature treatment discontinuation were similar for both genders.RESULTSA total of 3297 subjects were included. The majority of subjects (60.7%) were male; 43% were > 65 years of age; 41.5% had a history of MI or stroke; and 76.8% had established CVD. Compared with placebo, semaglutide reduced the risk of the first occurrence of MACE and each MACE component consistently across all subgroups (gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile). Revascularizations, HbA1c and body weight were also reduced consistently across all subgroups compared with placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events in all treatment groups were more common among women than men, but rates of premature treatment discontinuation were similar for both genders.In this post hoc analysis of SUSTAIN 6, once-weekly semaglutide vs placebo reduced the risk of MACE in all subjects included in the trial, regardless of gender, age, or baseline CV risk profile. Trial registry Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifying number: NCT01720446, Date of registration: October 29, 2012.CONCLUSIONSIn this post hoc analysis of SUSTAIN 6, once-weekly semaglutide vs placebo reduced the risk of MACE in all subjects included in the trial, regardless of gender, age, or baseline CV risk profile. Trial registry Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifying number: NCT01720446, Date of registration: October 29, 2012. The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high CV risk. The effects of gender, age and baseline CV risk on outcomes are important considerations for further study. Subjects were grouped according to gender, age (50-65 years and > 65 years), and CV risk profile at baseline (prior myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke vs no prior MI or stroke, and established CV disease [CVD] vs CV risk factors alone, including subjects with chronic kidney disease). Time to MACE and its individual components (CV death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke), hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and revascularization (coronary and peripheral) were analyzed for all subgroups. Additional analyses were performed for gender and age to investigate change from baseline in HbA and body weight, as well as tolerability. A total of 3297 subjects were included. The majority of subjects (60.7%) were male; 43% were > 65 years of age; 41.5% had a history of MI or stroke; and 76.8% had established CVD. Compared with placebo, semaglutide reduced the risk of the first occurrence of MACE and each MACE component consistently across all subgroups (gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile). Revascularizations, HbA and body weight were also reduced consistently across all subgroups compared with placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events in all treatment groups were more common among women than men, but rates of premature treatment discontinuation were similar for both genders. In this post hoc analysis of SUSTAIN 6, once-weekly semaglutide vs placebo reduced the risk of MACE in all subjects included in the trial, regardless of gender, age, or baseline CV risk profile. Trial registry Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifying number: NCT01720446, Date of registration: October 29, 2012. |
| ArticleNumber | 73 |
| Author | Bain, Stephen C. Jódar, Esteban Holst, Ingrid Gondolf, Theis Hansen, Thomas Hramiak, Irene Leiter, Lawrence A. Lingvay, Ildiko Madsbad, Sten |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lawrence A. surname: Leiter fullname: Leiter, Lawrence A. email: leiterl@smh.ca organization: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto – sequence: 2 givenname: Stephen C. surname: Bain fullname: Bain, Stephen C. organization: Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Swansea University Medical School – sequence: 3 givenname: Irene surname: Hramiak fullname: Hramiak, Irene organization: University of Western Ontario – sequence: 4 givenname: Esteban surname: Jódar fullname: Jódar, Esteban organization: Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud – sequence: 5 givenname: Sten surname: Madsbad fullname: Madsbad, Sten organization: University of Copenhagen – sequence: 6 givenname: Theis surname: Gondolf fullname: Gondolf, Theis organization: Novo Nordisk A/S – sequence: 7 givenname: Thomas surname: Hansen fullname: Hansen, Thomas organization: Novo Nordisk A/S – sequence: 8 givenname: Ingrid surname: Holst fullname: Holst, Ingrid organization: Novo Nordisk A/S – sequence: 9 givenname: Ildiko surname: Lingvay fullname: Lingvay, Ildiko organization: UT Southwestern Medical Center |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31167654$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
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| DOI | 10.1186/s12933-019-0871-8 |
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| Keywords | Type 2 diabetes Cardiovascular events Semaglutide Baseline cardiovascular risk Gender Cardiovascular outcome trial Age SUSTAIN 6 |
| Language | English |
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| PublicationTitle | Cardiovascular diabetology |
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The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE)... The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo... Table 1 Baseline characteristics and demographics of subjects in the SUSTAIN 6 trial A. Post hoc analysis by gender Semaglutide Placebo Male Female Male Female... The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) vs placebo... Abstract Background The SUSTAIN 6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular (CV)... |
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| SubjectTerms | Age Age Factors Aged Angina pectoris Angiology Antidiabetics Baseline cardiovascular risk Blood pressure Body weight Cardiology Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Cardiovascular events Cerebral infarction Cholesterol Clinical medicine Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Coronary artery Coronary artery disease Demography Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - mortality Drug Administration Schedule Epidermal growth factor receptors Female Gender Gender differences Glucagon Glucagon-like peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptides - administration & dosage Glucagon-Like Peptides - adverse effects Health risk assessment Heart attacks Heart diseases Heart failure Heart surgery Hospitalization Humans Hypoglycemic Agents - administration & dosage Hypoglycemic Agents - adverse effects Incretins - administration & dosage Incretins - adverse effects Ischemia Kidney diseases Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Myocardial infarction Original Investigation Patients Protective Factors Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Assessment Risk Factors Semaglutide Sex Factors Smoking Stenosis Stroke Systematic review Time Factors Treatment Outcome Type 2 diabetes |
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| Title | Cardiovascular risk reduction with once-weekly semaglutide in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis of gender, age, and baseline CV risk profile in the SUSTAIN 6 trial |
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