Women empowerment as an enabling factor of contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of cross-sectional surveys of 32 countries
Background Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However,...
Uložené v:
| Vydané v: | Reproductive health Ročník 15; číslo 1; s. 214 - 12 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autori: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
London
BioMed Central
20.12.2018
BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC |
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 1742-4755, 1742-4755 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
| Tagy: |
Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
|
| Abstract | Background
Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women’s empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries.
Methods
Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use.
Results
Results showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women’s empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries (
σ
2
= 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods (
σ
2
= 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women’s empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women’s empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Abstract Background Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women’s empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries. Methods Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use. Results Results showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women’s empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries (σ 2= 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods (σ 2= 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98). Conclusions Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women’s empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women’s empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. Women's empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women's empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries.BACKGROUNDWomen's empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women's empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries.Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use.METHODSSecondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use.Results showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women's empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries (σ2= 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods (σ2= 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98).RESULTSResults showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women's empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries (σ2= 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods (σ2= 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98).Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women's empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women's empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general.CONCLUSIONSOur findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women's empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women's empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. Background Women's empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women's empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries. Methods Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use. Results Results showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women's empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries ([sigma].sup.2= 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods ([sigma].sup.2= 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98). Conclusions Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women's empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women's empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. Keywords: Women's empowerment, Gender equality, Decision making, Sub-Saharan Africa, Antenatal care, Maternal health Background Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women’s empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries. Methods Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use. Results Results showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women’s empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries ( σ 2 = 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods ( σ 2 = 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98). Conclusions Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women’s empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women’s empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. Background Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women’s empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries. Methods Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women’s empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use. Results Results showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women’s empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries (σ2= 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods (σ2= 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98). Conclusions Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women’s empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women’s empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. Women's empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women's empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries. Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use. Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women's empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women's empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. Women's empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several dimensions is paramount, considering the nature of empowerment processes as it relates to improvements in maternal health status. However, multicountry and multilevel analysis of the measurement of women's empowerment indicators and their associations with contraceptive use is vital to make a substantial intervention in the Sub-Saharan Africa context. Therefore, we investigated the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use among women in sub-Saharan Africa countries. Secondary data involving 474,622 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from the current Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 32 Sub-Saharan Africa region was used in this study. Contraceptive use was the primary outcome variable. Multilevel analysis was conducted to examine the impact of women's empowerment on contraceptive use. Percentages were conducted in univariate analysis. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between individual, compositional and contextual factors of contraceptive use. Results showed large disparities in the number of women who reportedly ever use contraceptive methods; this range from as low as 6.7% in Chad and as much as 72% in Namibia. More than one-third of the respondents had no formal education and more than half were active labor force. Contraceptive use was significantly more common among respondents from the richest households (28.5% versus 18.9%). Various components of women's empowerment were positively significantly associated with contraceptive use after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. There was a significant variation in the odds of contraceptive use across the 32 countries (σ = 1.12, 95% CrI 0.67 to 1.87) and across the neighbourhoods (σ = 0.95, 95% CrI 0.92 to 0.98). Our findings suggest that an increase in contraceptive use and by better extension maternal health care services utilization can be achieved by enhancing women's empowerment. Also, an increase in decision-making autonomy by women, their participation in labour force, reduction in abuse and violence and improved knowledge level are all key issues to be considered. Health-related policies should address inequalities in women's empowerment, education and economic status which would yield benefits to individuals, families, and societies in general. |
| ArticleNumber | 214 |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Uthman, Olalekan A. Yaya, Sanni Bishwajit, Ghose Ekholuenetale, Michael |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sanni orcidid: 0000-0002-4876-6043 surname: Yaya fullname: Yaya, Sanni email: sanni.yaya@uOttawa.ca organization: School of International Development and Global Studies, 120 University Private, University of Ottawa – sequence: 2 givenname: Olalekan A. surname: Uthman fullname: Uthman, Olalekan A. organization: Warwick Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick – sequence: 3 givenname: Michael surname: Ekholuenetale fullname: Ekholuenetale, Michael organization: Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan – sequence: 4 givenname: Ghose surname: Bishwajit fullname: Bishwajit, Ghose organization: School of International Development and Global Studies, 120 University Private, University of Ottawa |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30572927$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp9Ustu1DAUjVARfcAHsEGR2LBJsZ3EDxZIo4pHpUosALG0bOdm6lESD3Yy1fwHH8zNTGk7FSDLsnV9zvF9nNPsaAgDZNlLSs4plfxtokwJWRCKm9eyqJ9kJ1RUrKhEXR89uB9npymtCCmpJOJZdlySWjDFxEn260foYcihX4cbiHgdc5Nyg5HB2M4Py7w1bgwxD23uwjBG42A9-g3kU4LcD3mabPHVXJuInEUbvTPvcpP3Uzf6DjbQoZbptsmnnUIMKRUJ3OgDhpEcN7DdPZUM9Sf8wEN6nj1tTZfgxe15ln3_-OHbxefi6suny4vFVeE4KceCc9FKLhvDnFCccOkMCKsIlI7xkhBQQlDmqCGEV0I6WdLKsQbJIC2tSXmWXe51m2BWeh19b-JWB-P1LhDiUps4eteBJqJllglqZcMr0ijlhAXrlBVN7ZxVqPV-r7WebA-Ng7lX3YHo4cvgr_UybDRmyiouUeDNrUAMPydIo-59ctB1ZoAwJc1orZQsJeEIff0IugpTxIbOKC45I4LX96ilwQL80IZ5erOoXtRcESHKWiDq_C8oXA30HicOLc7xkPDqYaF3Ff7xFALoHrCbdoT2DkKJnn2r977V6Fs9-1bPuYpHHOdHM7sEs_Hdf5lsz0z4y7CEeN-Lf5N-A53tAcY |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_4054_DemRes_2023_48_19 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11113_024_09914_2 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0297018 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0237512 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgwh_2025_1516757 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_021_10599_x crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0308476 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgwh_2025_1547891 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12884_021_03679_8 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_022_00188_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lana_2023_100435 crossref_primary_10_1017_S002193202500015X crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2020_047606 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12119_022_10051_1 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_024_00306_7 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2023_073469 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_022_02031_2 crossref_primary_10_1080_16549716_2023_2255043 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jdeveco_2021_102745 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13690_022_01006_x crossref_primary_10_1186_s12978_021_01087_x crossref_primary_10_1186_s12884_023_06126_y crossref_primary_10_4103_npmj_npmj_8_25 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_2160922 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2023_071936 crossref_primary_10_1177_17455057251318379 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_022_02101_5 crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihab092 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pgph_0004671 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pedn_2023_11_024 crossref_primary_10_1088_1755_1315_1443_1_012005 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12978_022_01451_5 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0323899 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10754_024_09368_1 crossref_primary_10_1080_13625187_2021_1910234 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_020_08802_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_socscimed_2025_118006 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_024_03484_3 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0230143 crossref_primary_10_1177_17455057241310641 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgwh_2021_656062 crossref_primary_10_1080_17441730_2023_2250971 crossref_primary_10_12688_gatesopenres_14406_1 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_020_00141_6 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41182_023_00556_2 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgwh_2021_655413 crossref_primary_10_1177_21582440241236567 crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare10101994 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0304648 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgwh_2023_1087009 crossref_primary_10_3934_publichealth_2022017 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12903_020_1045_5 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_023_02572_0 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_020_09003_x crossref_primary_10_1186_s12978_023_01622_y crossref_primary_10_3389_ijph_2025_1607680 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgwh_2024_1360052 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0281997 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_021_11376_6 crossref_primary_10_1088_1755_1315_716_1_012057 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_021_01487_y crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_023_02175_9 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0254281 crossref_primary_10_1080_19317611_2020_1796883 crossref_primary_10_3389_fsoc_2021_689980 crossref_primary_10_1080_23293691_2023_2223825 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_020_01141_z crossref_primary_10_5334_ijic_8912 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2024_086571 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_023_00214_2 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0264377 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_socscimed_2020_113086 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0247992 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0239855 crossref_primary_10_1080_26410397_2024_2444725 crossref_primary_10_1080_23293691_2023_2174822 crossref_primary_10_3889_oamjms_2021_7417 crossref_primary_10_1002_hsr2_2028 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijedudev_2023_102902 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_022_02045_w crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_022_00168_x crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0322222 crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihad016 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0263958 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10995_024_03918_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12546_025_09386_x crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjgh_2020_003773 crossref_primary_10_4236_health_2023_157051 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12978_025_01962_x crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_9914027 crossref_primary_10_1080_09614524_2025_2502409 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2024_1409054 crossref_primary_10_1186_s43043_025_00249_2 crossref_primary_10_3917_spub_204_0381 crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihae079 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13690_020_00484_1 crossref_primary_10_17645_si_8705 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ssmqr_2025_100615 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgwh_2025_1355620 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_020_10017_8 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13690_022_00938_8 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12978_022_01532_5 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0021932023000123 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_81197_1 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2024_1288260 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_74189_8 crossref_primary_10_1093_pubmed_fdab177 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_021_01340_2 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_021_11858_7 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph20032262 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41256_019_0100_8 crossref_primary_10_1177_20503121231162722 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_5360933 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12978_020_01061_z crossref_primary_10_3390_sexes2030026 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_021_10252_7 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_024_03115_x crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_022_13844_z crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_025_03748_6 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12913_020_06052_1 crossref_primary_10_3390_su13041611 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12913_023_09122_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11205_023_03241_3 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pmed_1003086 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_024_00305_8 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_025_23242_w crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_023_00240_0 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0276128 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0021932021000651 crossref_primary_10_1080_09540121_2023_2215529 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12936_022_04299_z crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihaa097 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_021_11635_6 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph19063431 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41043_022_00334_6 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40834_024_00332_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11205_023_03185_8 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12936_024_05195_4 crossref_primary_10_7189_jogh_10_010705 crossref_primary_10_1080_20479700_2019_1688505 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph18126550 crossref_primary_10_12688_gatesopenres_13468_1 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2022_069409 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_021_11541_x |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.08.001 10.1007/s10995-013-1266-1 10.1353/dem.2007.0001 10.1007/s11205-015-0876-y 10.4054/DemRes.2017.37.40 10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.03.012 10.1371/journal.pone.0145778 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00994 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60548-X 10.1093/lpr/mgi009 10.1111/1467-9868.00353 10.1371/journal.pone.0180699 10.1177/1010539509331590 10.2471/BLT.06.033829 10.1111/padr.12051 10.4314/ejhs.v25i4.9 10.1056/NEJM199901143400203 10.4236/ojs.2015.57075 10.1093/heapol/czn039 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.06.014 10.1371/journal.pone.0104633 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2001.00189.x 10.1371/journal.pone.0011190 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60696-6 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.06.003 10.1093/aje/kwi017 10.1186/s13063-016-1241-4 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | The Author(s). 2018 COPYRIGHT 2018 BioMed Central Ltd. Copyright © 2018. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: The Author(s). 2018 – notice: COPYRIGHT 2018 BioMed Central Ltd. – notice: Copyright © 2018. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| DBID | C6C AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7X7 7XB 88E 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH K9. M0S M1P PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.1186/s12978-018-0658-5 |
| DatabaseName | Springer Nature OA Free Journals CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) Medical Database Proquest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic Publicly Available Content Database MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: PIMPY name: Publicly Available Content Database url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine Public Health |
| EISSN | 1742-4755 |
| EndPage | 12 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_07f2b271b8d640d99c7bebc9b7d5ccb9 PMC6302468 A569077357 30572927 10_1186_s12978_018_0658_5 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Sub-Saharan Africa |
| GroupedDBID | --- 0R~ 123 29P 2WC 4.4 53G 5VS 7X7 88E 8FI 8FJ AAFWJ AAJSJ AASML AAWTL ABDBF ABUWG ACGFO ACGFS ACHQT ACIHN ACUHS ADBBV ADRAZ ADUKV AEAQA AENEX AFKRA AFPKN AHBYD AHMBA AHYZX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMKLP AMTXH AOIJS BAPOH BAWUL BCNDV BENPR BFQNJ BMC BPHCQ BVXVI C6C CCPQU CS3 DIK E3Z EBD EBLON EBS EJD EMOBN ESX F5P FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 H13 HMCUK HYE IAO ICW IHR INH INR ITC KQ8 M1P M48 M~E N8Y O5R O5S OK1 OVT P2P PGMZT PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PJZUB PPXIY PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO PUEGO RBZ RNS ROL RPM RSV SMD SOJ SV3 TR2 TUS UKHRP WOQ WOW XSB ~8M AAYXX AFFHD CITATION ALIPV CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7XB 8FK AZQEC DWQXO K9. PKEHL PQEST PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c603t-667f868da2c796068cae7b90e3c26300e97712c1a006478c8314c2dc60e8b1503 |
| IEDL.DBID | RSV |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 160 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000454164500001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1742-4755 |
| IngestDate | Tue Oct 14 14:52:02 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 04 01:43:16 EST 2025 Thu Oct 02 05:03:40 EDT 2025 Tue Oct 21 12:48:03 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 11 10:31:56 EST 2025 Tue Nov 04 18:06:03 EST 2025 Mon Jul 21 05:58:52 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:01:47 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 04:00:41 EST 2025 Sat Sep 06 07:30:00 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 1 |
| Keywords | Gender equality Women’s empowerment Decision making Maternal health Sub-Saharan Africa Antenatal care |
| Language | English |
| License | Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c603t-667f868da2c796068cae7b90e3c26300e97712c1a006478c8314c2dc60e8b1503 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4876-6043 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://link.springer.com/10.1186/s12978-018-0658-5 |
| PMID | 30572927 |
| PQID | 2168620765 |
| PQPubID | 55351 |
| PageCount | 12 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_07f2b271b8d640d99c7bebc9b7d5ccb9 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6302468 proquest_miscellaneous_2159983806 proquest_journals_2168620765 gale_infotracmisc_A569077357 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A569077357 pubmed_primary_30572927 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12978_018_0658_5 crossref_citationtrail_10_1186_s12978_018_0658_5 springer_journals_10_1186_s12978_018_0658_5 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2018-12-20 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2018-12-20 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 12 year: 2018 text: 2018-12-20 day: 20 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | London |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: London – name: England |
| PublicationTitle | Reproductive health |
| PublicationTitleAbbrev | Reprod Health |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Reprod Health |
| PublicationYear | 2018 |
| Publisher | BioMed Central BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC |
| Publisher_xml | – name: BioMed Central – name: BioMed Central Ltd – name: Springer Nature B.V – name: BMC |
| References | P Waiswa (658_CR17) 2016; 17 LF Derose (658_CR2) 2007; 44 658_CR5 YK Alemayehu (658_CR16) 2015; 25 International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) (658_CR25) 2012 658_CR24 JM Curran (658_CR29) 2005; 4 658_CR23 B Fisher (658_CR6) 2016; 11 658_CR43 658_CR28 RN Shain (658_CR19) 1999; 340 L Phan (658_CR41) 2016; 126 DJ Spiegelhalter (658_CR35) 2002; 64 AK Blanc (658_CR10) 2001; 32 IO Asaolu (658_CR40) 2018; 9 NL Kassebaum (658_CR21) 2014; 384 AO Tsui (658_CR26) 2017; 43 D Gillespie (658_CR37) 2007; 85 MO Akinwande (658_CR32) 2015; 5 W Hameed (658_CR7) 2014; 9 SK Sebayang (658_CR8) 2017; 129 658_CR13 C Rooyen van (658_CR42) 2012; 40 U Senarath (658_CR14) 2009; 21 658_CR34 CB Lloyd (658_CR3) 2009; 21 SL Barber (658_CR20) 2009; 24 C Ouida (658_CR44) 2017 DK Thapa (658_CR11) 2013; 93 RK Jewkes (658_CR15) 2010; 376 P Pratley (658_CR38) 2016; 169 M Corroon (658_CR12) 2014; 18 D Shapiro (658_CR22) 2017; 37 Kravdal O. A simulation-based assessment of the bias produced when using as contextual variables in multilevel models (658_CR27) 2006; 15 T Snijders (658_CR30) 1999 W Ali (658_CR9) 2010; 18 JC Fotso (658_CR39) 2009; 16 S Ahmed (658_CR36) 2010; 5 K Larsen (658_CR31) 2005; 161 WJMCMC Browne (658_CR33) 2014 658_CR4 UD Upadhyay (658_CR18) 2014; 115 658_CR1 |
| References_xml | – volume-title: Centre for Multilevel Modelling year: 2014 ident: 658_CR33 – volume: 169 start-page: 119 year: 2016 ident: 658_CR38 publication-title: Soc Science and Medicine doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.08.001 – volume: 18 start-page: 307 issue: 1 year: 2014 ident: 658_CR12 publication-title: Matern Child Health J doi: 10.1007/s10995-013-1266-1 – ident: 658_CR5 – volume: 15 start-page: 1):1 year: 2006 ident: 658_CR27 publication-title: Demographic-Research – volume: 44 start-page: 59 issue: 1 year: 2007 ident: 658_CR2 publication-title: Demography doi: 10.1353/dem.2007.0001 – volume-title: BSR (business for social Responsiblity) year: 2017 ident: 658_CR44 – volume: 126 start-page: 359 issue: 1 year: 2016 ident: 658_CR41 publication-title: Soc Indic Res doi: 10.1007/s11205-015-0876-y – volume: 37 start-page: 1327 year: 2017 ident: 658_CR22 publication-title: Demogr Res doi: 10.4054/DemRes.2017.37.40 – volume: 40 start-page: 2249 year: 2012 ident: 658_CR42 publication-title: World Devel doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.03.012 – volume: 11 issue: 3 year: 2016 ident: 658_CR6 publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145778 – volume: 9 year: 2018 ident: 658_CR40 publication-title: Front Psychol doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00994 – volume: 376 start-page: 41 issue: 9734 year: 2010 ident: 658_CR15 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60548-X – volume: 4 start-page: 115 year: 2005 ident: 658_CR29 publication-title: Law, Probability and Risk doi: 10.1093/lpr/mgi009 – volume: 64 start-page: 583 issue: 4 year: 2002 ident: 658_CR35 publication-title: J R Stat Soc Ser B Stat Methodol doi: 10.1111/1467-9868.00353 – ident: 658_CR13 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180699 – ident: 658_CR1 – volume: 21 start-page: 137 issue: 2 year: 2009 ident: 658_CR14 publication-title: Asia Pac J Public Health doi: 10.1177/1010539509331590 – volume: 85 start-page: 100 year: 2007 ident: 658_CR37 publication-title: Bull World Health Organ doi: 10.2471/BLT.06.033829 – ident: 658_CR23 – volume: 43 start-page: 166 issue: S1 year: 2017 ident: 658_CR26 publication-title: Popul Dev Rev doi: 10.1111/padr.12051 – volume: 16 start-page: 6 year: 2009 ident: 658_CR39 publication-title: Reprod Health – volume: 25 start-page: 353 issue: 4 year: 2015 ident: 658_CR16 publication-title: Ethiopian J Health Sci doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v25i4.9 – volume: 340 start-page: 93 year: 1999 ident: 658_CR19 publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJM199901143400203 – ident: 658_CR4 – volume-title: 4 Newhams row London SE1 3UZ United Kingdom year: 2012 ident: 658_CR25 – volume: 5 start-page: 754 year: 2015 ident: 658_CR32 publication-title: Open Journal of Statistics doi: 10.4236/ojs.2015.57075 – volume: 129 start-page: 1 year: 2017 ident: 658_CR8 publication-title: DHS working papers – volume: 24 start-page: 18 issue: 1 year: 2009 ident: 658_CR20 publication-title: Health Policy Plan doi: 10.1093/heapol/czn039 – volume: 115 start-page: 111 year: 2014 ident: 658_CR18 publication-title: Soc Sci Med doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.06.014 – volume: 9 issue: 8 year: 2014 ident: 658_CR7 publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104633 – volume: 32 start-page: 189 year: 2001 ident: 658_CR10 publication-title: Stud Fam Plan doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2001.00189.x – volume: 5 issue: 6 year: 2010 ident: 658_CR36 publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011190 – volume: 384 start-page: 980 issue: 9947 year: 2014 ident: 658_CR21 publication-title: The Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60696-6 – volume: 93 start-page: 1 year: 2013 ident: 658_CR11 publication-title: Soc Sci Med doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.06.003 – ident: 658_CR34 – volume: 161 start-page: 81 year: 2005 ident: 658_CR31 publication-title: Am J Epidemiol doi: 10.1093/aje/kwi017 – volume: 18 start-page: 147 year: 2010 ident: 658_CR9 publication-title: European J of Soc Sci – volume: 21 start-page: 1137 issue: 8 year: 2009 ident: 658_CR3 publication-title: Dev – ident: 658_CR24 – volume-title: Multilevel analysis – an introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modelling year: 1999 ident: 658_CR30 – volume: 17 start-page: 135 year: 2016 ident: 658_CR17 publication-title: Trials doi: 10.1186/s13063-016-1241-4 – ident: 658_CR28 – ident: 658_CR43 |
| SSID | ssj0031807 |
| Score | 2.5519316 |
| SecondaryResourceType | review_article |
| Snippet | Background
Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in... Women's empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in several... Background Women's empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in... Background Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use in... Abstract Background Women’s empowerment has a direct impact on maternal and child health care service utilization. Large scope measurement of contraceptive use... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest gale pubmed crossref springer |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 214 |
| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Analysis Antenatal care Birth control Clinical decision making Contraception Behavior - statistics & numerical data Contraceptives Cross-Sectional Studies Decision Making Empowerment Family Planning Services - standards Female Gender equality Gender equity Households Humans Maternal & child health Maternal and Child Health Maternal health Maternal health services Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Power (Psychology) Pregnancy Prenatal care Public Health Reproductive health Reproductive Medicine Sex education Social aspects Social power Sub-Saharan Africa Surveys and Questionnaires Women's Rights - standards Women's Rights - trends Womens health Women’s empowerment Young Adult |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Li9UwFA4yiLgR31ZHiSAISpkkbZPU3SgOLnQQfDC7kFfxwtA73N7e-SPzgz0n6b1OR9SNi26aB0nOKyc5-Q4hL8AvZq6pXMk9iFvdKg4y51gJxt13sQuhSeeQ3z-q42N9ctJ-vpTqC2PCMjxwXrgDpjrhhOJOB1mz0LZeueh861RovHfp6R7serbOVNbBwKhMTXeYXMuDAawaIsly-MDkls3MCiWw_t9V8iWbdDVe8sqlabJFR7fJrWkTSQ_z4O-Qa7G_S258mq7J75GLlJeSIurUOWhe6I_agVr4gy-loEua0-zQZUdTrLpNwS2bSMch0kVPh9GVXyxiOfc0ZxJ6Qy1NwYenGGUEfWUsk9QDTrEcUkwXDmsYVxvgDyyqBE3JKNAfv0--Hb3_-u5DOaVfKL1k1bqUUnVa6mCFV-jnaG-jci2LlRcI1BVh68iF5zY_WPW64rUXARpH7WCfWT0ge_2yj48I7YKUdWCu48rB_sw7DXYzRgT2Adr6uiBsSw7jJ2xyTJFxapKPoqXJFDRAQYMUNE1BXu2anGVgjr9Vfos03lVETO30AzjNTJxm_sVpBXmJHGJQ8pEwdnrAAFNEDC1z2OBJg6oaVZD9WU2QWD8v3vKYmTTGYATHtzpMSRjs810xtsQouD4uR6zTgHdcaSYL8jCz5G5KoLfBTxLQuZox62zO85J-8SPhiQMxRS11QV5v2frXsP64pI__x5I-ITcFCiUXoK33yd56Ncan5LrfrBfD6lkS6Z88dlAY priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database dbid: PIMPY link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1bi9QwFA46K-KL99XqKhEEQSnTpG2S-iKruCi4y4AX1qfQpKkOLO06nY5_xB_sOWk6a1fcJx_60lzI5cs5OcnJdwh5CnZxYvLUxMzCcssKyWDNmSQG5W5rV1dV7s8hv3yQR0fq-LhYhOfRXXCrHGWiF9QD2zP6bYMQnletxRPzOWf4sgFs8PzV6Y8YY0jhXWsIqHGZ7CDxlpqRncX7w8XXUTIDfBMZbjaZEvMOdB3yyzL4QBHH-UQ3eQr_vwX1H5rqvBfluatUr6EObvzfvt0k18NOle4P0LpFLrnmNrl6GO7i75BfPvglRWqrnyDeoW5adrSEP_gcC1pIh1g-tK2pd4gvvQfNxtG-c3TZ0K438ccSCaMbOoQreklL6j0cT9CVCeoaCFN8DThicecdx7BZXb_aAAgxKeXUR7xAo_8u-Xzw9tObd3GI8RBbkaTrWAhZK6GqkluJxpSypZOmSFxqObKBOdifMm5ZObyKtSplmeUVFHbKwGY23SWzpm3cfULrSoisSkzNpIFNoDUKlLNzyB5kuLRZRJJxdrUNBOgYh-NEe0NICT0AQgMgNAJC5xF5vi1yOrB_XJT5NUJmmxGJu_2PdvVNBzmgE1lzaA0zqhJZUhWFlcYZWxhZ5daaIiLPEHAaxQtOTBleSUAXkahL7-d4nCHTXEZkb5ITxIKdJo9Y00EsdfoMWhF5sk3Gkuhq17i2xzw5mOCpSkRE7g0I33YJlAMYYxwqlxPsT_o8TWmW3z1pOUwmz4SKyItxlZw1659D-uDiTjwk1ziuXsZB2O-R2XrVu0fkit2sl93qcVj9vwHSOmnd priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest |
| Title | Women empowerment as an enabling factor of contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of cross-sectional surveys of 32 countries |
| URI | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12978-018-0658-5 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30572927 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2168620765 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2159983806 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6302468 https://doaj.org/article/07f2b271b8d640d99c7bebc9b7d5ccb9 |
| Volume | 15 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000454164500001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVADU databaseName: BioMedCentral customDbUrl: eissn: 1742-4755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0031807 issn: 1742-4755 databaseCode: RBZ dateStart: 20040101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.biomedcentral.com/search/ providerName: BioMedCentral – providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 1742-4755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0031807 issn: 1742-4755 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20040101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 1742-4755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0031807 issn: 1742-4755 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20040101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1742-4755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0031807 issn: 1742-4755 databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 20090101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 1742-4755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0031807 issn: 1742-4755 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20090101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1742-4755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0031807 issn: 1742-4755 databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20090101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVAVX databaseName: SpringerLink Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 1742-4755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0031807 issn: 1742-4755 databaseCode: RSV dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://link.springer.com/search?facet-content-type=%22Journal%22 providerName: Springer Nature |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3rb9MwED-xDSEkxGO8AqMyEhISKFriJLbDtw1tAolV1QZT-WTFjgOVphQ1bflH-IO5c5JCxkOCD63U-FHbuYfPvvsdwDO0iyOTJSaMLbJbmssYec5EISp3W7mqLDN_Dnn-To7HajrNJ10cd9N7u_dXkl5Se7ZWYr9BzURosDF-UG2G2RbsoLZTxI2nZ-e9-EUajWR3ffnbZgMF5HH6f5XGP6mjy66Sl-5LvRo6vvVfE7gNN7tdJztoyeQOXHH1Llw76e7Vd-FGe3rH2qCku_DNJ7ZkBFv1FUU3jooVDSvwCYVa4Z-yNk8Pm1fMO7sX3jtm7diqcWxWs2ZlwrOCwKBr1qYiesUK5r0XL8hNCftqwVB8D7RQYeOdwmiYzWqxRgKjooQzn82CDPp78OH46P3rN2GXvyG0IkqWoRCyUkKVBbeSDCVlCydNHrnEckL6crj3jLmNizbi1aokTi0vsbFTBjeqyX3Yrue1ewisKoVIy8hUsTS4wbNGoeJ1jpCBDJc2DSDqX6q2Hbg55di40N7IUUK3q69x9TWtvs4CeLFp8qVF9vhb5UOilE1FAuX2D-aLT7rjcR3JiuNoYqNKkUZlnltpnLG5kWVmrckDeE50pkl00IspuggInCKBcOmDjI4qZJLJAPYGNZHl7bC4p1TdiZxG85iCfSIpcLBPN8XUktzoajdfUZ0MzetERSKABy1hb6aEgh8NLY6dywHJD-Y8LKlnnz0gOb5MngoVwMue8H8M649L-uifaj-G65w4J-Yo1_dge7lYuSdw1a6Xs2Yxgi05lf5bjWDn8Gg8OR350xX8NXl7Mvk48jLiOzKhXZw |
| linkProvider | Springer Nature |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Jb9QwFH4qBQEX9iVQwEggJFDU2JnEDhJCZaladVohUdDcTOw4MFKVKZOZqfgf_A5-I-85yZQU0VsPHHKJF3l5q_38PYAn6BdHJolNyC2y2yCTHHnORCEqd1u6sigSfw75eSj39tRolH1YgV_dWxgKq-xkohfUxcTSGfm64PSWAb3u5PXh95CyRtHtapdCoyGLHffjCF22-tX2O9zfp0Jsvt9_uxW2WQVCm0bxLExTWapUFbmwksx3ZXMnTRa52ArCn3JoEXFhed68w7Qq5gMrCmzslEHzKcZ-z8F5lOOSQsjkaOngIXtEsr055Spdr7nw-LUcP1T0YdLTfT5FwN-K4A9NeDJK88RVrdeAm1f_t7W7BldaW5ttNMxxHVZcdQMu7rbRBDfhp0_fyQic6wgVFC4Ay2uW4x96UIZrwJpsRGxSMh_Sn_sYoIVj89qxccXquQk_5gR5XbEm4dJLljMfo3lAwVjYVwP54nugPQlrH_pGw6rn0wWyERXFgvmcHXRscQs-ncma3IbValK5u8DKIk0HRWRKLg2asdYoNC-cI_wjI6QdBBB19KNtC-FOmUQOtHflVKobktNIcppITicBPF82OWzwS06r_IaIclmRoMf9j8n0q24lmY5kKXA03KgiHURFlllpnLGZkUVirckCeEYkrUlA0sbk7TsPnCJBjemNhA5kZJzIANZ6NVGw2X5xR826Fay1PiblAB4vi6klBQtWbjKnOkmWqVhFaQB3Gh5aTgnVG7qTAjuXPe7qzblfUo2_edh13EwxSFUALzo-PB7WP5f03umTeASXtvZ3h3q4vbdzHy4LkhVcoOpag9XZdO4ewAW7mI3r6UMvaRh8OWv2_A1cXLag |
| linkToPdf | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Zb9QwELagoAoJcRQogQJGQkKiiuo4ie3wVo4ViLKqVKj6ZsWOQ1eqstVms_wRfjAzdrKQckiIh32Jj_Uxh8ee-YaQZ2AXM5OnJk4ssFtWyAR4zrAYlLutXV1Vub-HPD6Q06k6OSkO-zyn7eDtPjxJhpgGRGlqlnvnVR1YXIm9FrQUIsMm8AMVGueXyZUMcwahuX50PIhioFcm-6fM3zYbKSOP2f-rZP5JNV10m7zwdupV0uTmf0_mFrnRn0bpfiCf2-SSa7bI5sf-vX2LXA-3ejQEK90h33zCS4pwVl9BpMN_0LKlJXzBECwYAA35e-i8pt4JvvReMytHu9bRWUPbzsRHJYJENzSkKHpJS-q9Gs_QfQn6CiApvgdctLj1zmI4zLZbrIDwsCjl1Ge5QEP_Lvk8efvp9bu4z-sQW8HSZSyErJVQVcmtRANK2dJJUzCXWo4IYA7OpAm3SRkiYa1Kk8zyCho7ZeAAm94jG828cfcJrSshsoqZOpEGDn7WKFDIziFikOHSZhFhwwZr24OeY-6NM-2NHyV0WH0Nq69x9XUekRfrJucB8eNvlV8h1awrIli3_zBffNE972smaw6jSYyqRMaqorDSOGMLI6vcWlNE5DnSnEaRghtT9pERMEUE59L7OV5hyDSXEdkZ1QRRYMfFA9XqXhS1micYBMSkgME-XRdjS3Sva9y8wzo5mN2pYiIi24HI11MChQAGGIfO5Yj8R3MelzSzUw9UDpvJM6EisjswwY9h_XFJH_xT7Sdk8_DNRB-8n354SK5xZKKEg-jfIRvLRecekat2tZy1i8deMHwHIpBjVA |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Women+empowerment+as+an+enabling+factor+of+contraceptive+use+in+sub-Saharan+Africa%3A+a+multilevel+analysis+of+cross-sectional+surveys+of+32+countries&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+health&rft.au=Yaya%2C+Sanni&rft.au=Uthman%2C+Olalekan+A&rft.au=Ekholuenetale%2C+Michael&rft.au=Bishwajit%2C+Ghose&rft.date=2018-12-20&rft.issn=1742-4755&rft.eissn=1742-4755&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=214&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs12978-018-0658-5&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1742-4755&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1742-4755&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1742-4755&client=summon |